Metabolism and distribution of two major constituents of 'Xing-Nao-Jing Injection'-germacrone and curdione in rats.

Germacrone and curdione are germacrane-type sesquiterpenoids that are widely distributed and have extensive pharmacological activities; they are the main constituents of 'Xing-Nao-Jing Injection' (XNJ). Studies on the metabolic features of germacrane-type sesquiterpenoids are limited. In this study, the metabolites of germacrone and curdione were characterized by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Oribitrap mass spectrometry after they were orally administered to rats.

20 potentially new compounds and 11 new bioactive constituents found in Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma utilizing HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS.

Introduction: Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma (SGR) is rich in chemical constituents with a variety of pharmacological activities. However, in-depth research has yet to be conducted on the chemical and pharmacodynamic constituents of SGR.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the chemical constituents of SGR were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the pharmacodynamic compounds responsible for the medicinal effects of SGR were elucidated through a literature review.

[Existence forms of Tiantian Capsules and its raw material Aloe in rats].

This study explored the existence forms(original constituents and metabolites) of Tiantian Capsules, Aloe, and Tiantian Capsules without Aloe in rats for the first time, aiming to clarify the contribution of Aloe to the existence form of Tiantian Capsules. Rats were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage once a day for seven consecutive days. All urine and feces samples were collected during the seven days of administration, and blood samples were collected 0.

Paeoniae Radix Rubra can enhance fatty acid β-oxidation and alleviate gut microbiota disorder in α-naphthyl isothiocyanate induced cholestatic model rats.

Cholestasis is the most destructive pathological manifestation of liver disease and available treatments are very limited. Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) is an important traditional Chinese drug used to treat cholestasis. This study combined targeted metabonomics, PCR array analysis, and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis to further clarify the mechanisms of PRR in the treatment of cholestasis.

Elucidation of the Mechanisms and Effective Substances of Paeoniae Radix Rubra Against Toxic Heat and Blood Stasis Syndrome With a Stage-Oriented Strategy.

In the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, toxic heat and blood stasis syndrome (THBSS) is a common syndrome observed in various critical diseases. Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) has known therapeutic effects on THBSS. However, its pharmacodynamic mechanisms and effective substances in the treatment of THBSS still need further elucidation.

Non-ephedrine constituents from the herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica.

Three new flavonoids, ephedroside A (1), ephedroside B (2), ephedroside C (3), together with fifty-four known compounds 4-57 were isolated from the EtOH extract of the herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques, as well as by comparison with literature data. Thirty-eight of these compounds were isolated from the genus Ephedra for the first time.

Global Profiling and Structural Characterization of Metabolites of Ononin Using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS After Oral Administration to Rats.

Ononin is a bioactive isoflavone of legumes. To explore the "effective forms" of ononin, its metabolites were characterized using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS after oral administration to rats. Metabolites (106), including 94 new metabolites, were characterized, which contained 17 phase I, 23 hydroxylated and methylated, 54 sulfated, 10 glucuronidated, and 2 sulfated and glucuronidated metabolites.

Exploring the In Vivo Existence Forms (23 Original Constituents and 147 Metabolites) of Astragali Radix Total Flavonoids and Their Distributions in Rats Using HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS.

Astragali Radix total flavonoids (ARTF) is one of the main bioactive components of Astragali Radix (AR), and has many pharmacological effects. However, its metabolism and effective forms remains unclear. The HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS technique was used to screen and tentatively identify the in vivo original constituents and metabolites of ARTF and to clarify their distribution in rats after oral administration.

The Relative Content and Distribution of Absorbed Volatile Organic Compounds in Rats Administered Asari Radix et Rhizoma Are Different between Powder- and Decoction-Treated Groups.

Asari Radix et Rhizoma (ARR) is an important traditional Chinese medicine. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main active constituents of ARR. Research on the metabolite profile of VOCs and the difference of absorbed constituents in vivo after an administration of ARR decoction and powder will be helpful to understand the pharmacological activity and safety of ARR.

Discovery of the active compounds of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma by utilizing the relationship between the individual differences in blood drug concentration and the pharmacological effect in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: This study addresses the rapid discovery of the active compounds (the original constituents and/or metabolites) of a traditional Chinese drug, Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma (SGR).

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to develop a new method to find out the active compounds of traditional drugs in vivo.

Materials And Methods: A method was established to discover and identify the potential active compounds in drug-containing plasma from rats that were orally administered SGR extract, utilizing the relationship between the individual differences in blood drug concentrations in the rats and the resulting differences in pharmacological effect, and the method was denoted as the RID-PE method.

[Identification based on HPLC and anti-inflammatory targets as well as related constituents analysis of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum and A. sieboldii].

The present work is to establish an HPLC characteristic chromatograms of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum(AH) and A. sieboldii(AS), combined with cluster analysis for the identification of the two species, and predict their potential anti-inflammatory related targets by network pharmacological method.

[Analysis of polarity components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and its metabolites in rats by HPLC-MS~n].

This experiment aims to explore the metabolites of n-butanol and water soluble fraction of an ethanol extracts from Angelicae Sinensis Radix in rats. The chemical constituents of n-butanol and water extracts from Angelicae Sinensis Radix were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS~n,and the in vivo metabolites of n-butanol and water extracts were analyzed. By analyzing n-butanol and water extracts from Angelicae Sinensis Radix,25 compounds were detected and identified,in which 11 phthalide glycosides were firstly reported.

Profiling the metabolites of astrapterocarpan in rat hepatic 9000g supernatant.

Astrapterocarpan (AP) is a bioactive constituent of Astragali Radix and was selected as a model compound for investigating the in vitro metabolism of pterocarpans in this study. Its in vitro metabolism was conducted by incubation with rat hepatic 9000g supernatant (S9) in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. At first, four compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as 6a-hydroxy-AP (M1), astrametabolin I [M2, 1a-hydroxy-9, 10-dimethoxy-pterocarp-1(2), 4-diene-3-one], 9-demethyl-AP (M3, nissolin) and 4-methoxy-astraisoflavan (M4, 7, 2'dihydroxy-4, 3', 4'-trimethoxy-isoflavan) on the basis of NMR data, respectively.

In vivo metabolism of 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether and the distribution of its metabolites in rats by HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS.

8,2'-Diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether, a natural product with prominent anti-breast cancer activity, is the main active constituent of Sinopodophylli Fructus. A high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector coupled with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS) method was established and applied to profile and identify the metabolites of 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether as well as study their distribution in rat organs for the first time. A total of 100 new metabolites were tentatively identified in rats.

Metabolites of Medicarpin and Their Distributions in Rats.

Medicarpin is a bioactive pterocarpan that has been attracting increasing attention in recent years. However, its metabolic fate in vivo is still unknown. To clarify its metabolism and the distribution of its metabolites in rats after oral administration, the HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS technique was used.

Screening potential mitochondria-targeting compounds from traditional Chinese medicines using a mitochondria-based centrifugal ultrafiltration/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method.

Mitochondria regulate numerous crucial cell processes, including energy production, apoptotic cell death, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Here, we applied an efficient mitochondria-based centrifugal ultrafiltration/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method, also known as screening method for mitochondria-targeted bioactive constituents (SM-MBC). This method allowed searching natural mitochondria-targeting compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), including Puerariae Radix (PR) and Chuanxiong Radix (CR).

[Identification of chemical constituents in Sinopodophylli Fructus by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn].

This experiment was performed to analyze and identify the chemical constituents of Sinopodophylli Fructus by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn. The analysis was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column.

Lignans and diterpenes isolated from Tirpitzia ovoidea and their biological activities.

A new lignan, tirpitzin A (17) together with 20 known compounds (1-16, and 18-21) were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Tirpitzia ovoidea. The structure of new compound was elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis. Of the known compounds, 7-21 were isolated from Linaceae family for the first time.

Comparison of the inducible effects of licorice products with or without heat-processing and pre-treatment with honey on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor secretion in cultured enterocytes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Licorice (the roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is occasionally used as crude drug following processing including roasting or honey-roasting (soaking with honey before roasting) in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Aim Of The Study: We investigated the differences in the inducible effect of processed licorice products on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) secretion in cultured intestinal epithelial cells and elucidated the active ingredients in both unprocessed and processed licorice products.

Comparison of chemical constituents among licorice, roasted licorice, and roasted licorice with honey.

Licorice (root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is sometimes used as crude drug after processing. In this report, we prepared roasted licorice with or without honey using 3 lots of crude drug samples derived from wild G.