Unraveling the complexities of adolescent depression: A call for action.

The adolescent years are a period of profound change, both physically and psychologically. For many, these years are marked by excitement and exploration, but for others, they are fraught with challenges that can lead to significant mental health issues. Depression, in particular, has become an increasingly prevalent concern among adolescents worldwide, and its multifaceted etiology requires a comprehensive approach to understanding and intervention.

Pyogenic liver abscess in pediatric populations in beijing (2008-2023).

Background: Data on pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) of children in China have been limited. We aimed to summarize the clinical feather, microbiological characteristics, management, and outcome of PLA in children.

Method: We retrospectively reviewed PLA cases from January 2008 to June 2023 at Beijing Children's Hospital.

[A cross-sectional study of enterovirus nucleic acid test with throat swabs for term late neonates during coronavirus disease 2019].

Objectives: To investigate the positive rate of enterovirus (EV) nucleic acid in throat swabs of term late neonates hospitalized during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the clinical characteristics of the neonates.

Methods: A single-center cross-sectional study was performed on 611 term late infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal center from October 2020 to September 2021. Throat swabs were collected on admission for coxsackie A16 virus/EV71/EV universal nucleic acid testing.

[Effect of muscle relaxants on the prognosis of neonates with congenital esophageal atresia-tracheoesophageal fistula after surgery].

Objective: To summarize the experience in the application of muscle relaxants in the perioperative period in neonates with congenital esophageal atresia-tracheoesophageal fistula (EA-TEF).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 58 previously untreated neonates with EA-TEF who were treated in the Neonatal Center of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from 2017 to 2019. The incidence rate of anastomotic leak was compared between the neonates receiving muscle relaxants for different durations after surgery (≤ 5 days and > 5 days).

[Research advances in the role of ferroptosis in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage].

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) remains an important cause of neonatal death and disability in infants and young children, but it has a complex mechanism and lacks specific treatment methods. As a new type of programmed cell death, ferroptosis has gradually attracted more and more attention as a new therapeutic target. This article reviews the research advances in abnormal iron metabolism, glutamate antiporter dysfunction, and abnormal lipid peroxide regulation which are closely associated with ferroptosis and HIBD.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcome Analysis of 94 Children With Brain Abscess in Beijing: A Single-center Retrospective Study.

Background: There are limit studies about pediatric brain abscess in China. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric brain abscess in recent years in China.

Methods: The clinical information of children with brain abscess hospitalized in Beijing Children's Hospital between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.

[Risk factors for neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage in the neonatal intensive care unit of a municipal hospital].

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage (NPH) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a municipal hospital, and to provide a basis for the early identification and treatment of NPH.

Methods: A total of 112 neonates who were admitted to the NICU of Shaoyang Central Hospital of Hunan Province and diagnosed with NPH were enrolled as the case group. A nested case-control method was used to select, as a control group (n=224), the neonates who underwent the treatment with an assisted mechanical ventilator and did not experience pulmonary hemorrhage.

[Impact of dopamine receptor modulation on reduced anxiety-like behavior in neonatal rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage].

Objective: To observe the long-term changes in anxiety-like behavior and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the substantia nigra (SN) after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in a neonatal rat model and to further explore the relationship between dopamine (DA) level and long-term anxiety-like behavior using the DA receptor (DAR) antagonist.

Methods: Seven-day-old (P7) neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into normal control, sham-operated, HIBD and HIBD+DAR antagonist groups. HIBD model was prepared by ligating the right common carotid artery and 8% hypoxia exposure.

[Environment and congenital urinary malformations].

The development of the kidneys and other organs of the urinary tract follows the natural rule of gene-environment-lifestyle interaction. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors may be associated with the etiology of various kinds of urinary malformations, but the environmental factor is an extrinsic factor. Related literatures were reviewed in this paper, which focuses on the association of congenital urinary malformations with possible environmental factors.

[Effect of IGF-1 on long-term anxiety-like behavior in rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage].

Objective: To observe the changes in anxiety-like behavior among rats in the recovery stage after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) during the perinatal period and to investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the long-term anxiety-like behavior and its action mechanism among rats with HIBD.

Methods: Ninety neonatal rats (7 days old) were randomly and equally divided into normal control, HIBD, and HIBD+IGF-1 groups. A neonatal rat model of HIBD was established by Rice method in the HIBD and HIBD+IGF-1 groups.

Environmental factors for the development of fetal urinary malformations.

Background: The development of the kidneys and other organs of the urinary tract also follow the natural rule of gene-environment-lifestyle interaction. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors may be associated with the etiology of various kinds of urinary malformations. The environmental factors belong to extrinsic factors, which have attracted increasing attention from researchers.

[Meta-analysis of post-transfusion necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates].

Objective: To quantitatively assess the association between transfusions and the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates.

Method: Both Chinese and English literature published from Jan. 1985 to Nov.

[Cornelia de Lange syndrome: report of a case and the review of literature on 17 cases].

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) and to review the latest clinical research reports.

Method: Clinical and laboratory data of one case of neonatal CdLS are reported, and literature on 17 cases of CdLS in China and the international reports of the clinical and molecular biological research on this disease were reviewed.

Result: (1) The patient was an infant with intrauterine growth retardation and born as a term small for gestational age infant with specific facial features, bone abnormality of extremities, and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

[Clinical study of myocardial damage induced by neonatal jaundice in normal birth weight term infants].

Objective: To clarify whether neonatal jaundice may cause myocardial damage to term infants with normal birth weight (BW).

Methods: Totally 178 term neonates admitted during March, 2004 to December, 2010 with normal BW were enrolled. Infants with antenatal or neonatal asphyxia, temperature abnormality, septicemia, antenatal viral infection, congenital dysmorphia, congenital heart disease, 21-trisomy, and polycythemia were excluded.

Decreased levels of pNR1 S897 protein in the cortex of neonatal Sprague Dawley rats with hypoxic-ischemic or NMDA-induced brain damage.

Our objective was to investigate the protein level of phosphorylated N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-1 at serine 897 (pNR1 S897) in both NMDA-induced brain damage and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), and to obtain further evidence that HIBD in the cortex is related to NMDA toxicity due to a change of the pNR1 S897 protein level. At postnatal day 7, male and female Sprague Dawley rats (13.12 ± 0.

Hypoxic-ischemic injury decreases anxiety-like behavior in rats when associated with loss of tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons of the substantia nigra.

Neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control, mild hypoxia-ischemia (HI), and severe HI groups (N = 10 in each group at each time) on postnatal day 7 (P7) to study the effect of mild and severe HI on anxiety-like behavior and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra (SN). The mild and severe HI groups were exposed to hypoxia (8% O2/92% N2) for 90 and 150 min, respectively. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) test was performed to assess anxiety-like behavior by measuring time spent in the open arms (OAT) and OAT%, and immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of TH in the SN at P14, P21, and P28.

Catheter-related infection and pathogens of umbilical venous catheterization in a neonatal intensive care unit in China.

We studied the incidence of umbilical venous catheterization (UVC)-related infection and pathogens in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in China. Patients were grouped into <2000-g UVC or <2000-g non-UVC groups or ≥2001-g UVC or ≥2001-g non-UVC groups. Blood culture and umbilical root skin swab culture were taken following UVC insertion and extraction.

[Effect of rhIGF-1 on cytochrome C and caspase-3 expression in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in vivo].

Objective: To study the effect of rhIGF-1on the mRNA and protein expression of cytochrome C (Cyt-C) and caspase-3 in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).

Methods: Ninety neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control, HIBD, and HIBD+rhIGF-1 (rhIGF-1 was given intraperitoneally right after HI). Rat HIBD model was prepared according the Rice-Vannucci method.

[Umbilical venous catheterization related infection in the neonatal intensive care unit].

Objective: To study the incidence and pathogens of umbilical venous catheterization (UVC) related infection in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods: A total of 112 neonates (birth weight 1,500 g) who received UVC within 24 hrs after birth were included. Blood culture was performed right after UVC.

[Expression of phosphorylated NMDA receptor 1 in the cerebral cortex after NMDA microinjection in vivo].

Objective: The activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA) receptors plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of diseases of the brain. This study aimed to examine the expression of phosphor-NR1 S897 in the cerebral cortex after NMDA microinjection in vivo.

Methods: Forty seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into normal control and NMDA injection groups.

Effects of inosine on neuronal apoptosis and the expression of cytochrome C mRNA following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats.

Objective: It has been reported that neuronal apoptosis plays a critical role in pathology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Cytochrome C (CytC) is an important apoptotic protease activating factor. Inosine might have a neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the neuronal apoptosis and the expression of CytC mRNA in adult rats.