Safety and immunogenicity of a skin- and neuro-attenuated live vaccine for varicella: a randomized, double-blind, controlled, dose-escalation and age de-escalation phase 1 clinical trial.

Background: Despite the success in decreasing varicella-related disease burden, live-attenuated Oka vaccine strain of varicella-zoster virus (vOka) remains neuro-virulence and may establish latency and reactivate, raising safety concerns. Here we aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a skin- and neuro-attenuated varicella vaccine candidate (v7D).

Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation and age de-escalation phase 1 clinical trial conducted in Liuzhou, China (ChiCTR1900022284).

Atomic-scale probing of heterointerface phonon bridges in nitride semiconductor.

Interface phonon modes that are generated by several atomic layers at the heterointerface play a major role in the interface thermal conductance for nanoscale high-power devices such as nitride-based high-electron-mobility transistors and light-emitting diodes. Here we measure the local phonon spectra across AlN/Si and AlN/Al interfaces using atomically resolved vibrational electron energy-loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope. At the AlN/Si interface, we observe various interface phonon modes, of which the extended and localized modes act as bridges to connect the bulk AlN modes and bulk Si modes and are expected to boost the phonon transport, thus substantially contributing to interface thermal conductance.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide-elicited NAMPT signaling activation aggravated adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by affecting peripheral immune cells differentiation.

Supplement of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), the direct precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has gained prominence due to the significant anti-aging potentials of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferas (NAMPT)/NAD signaling. Because over-expression of NAMPT is deeply implicated in inflammatory arthritis, we investigated the effects of NMN supplement on rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA). Tested rats were given oral treatment of NMN at 200 mg/kg/day for 25 days.

EEG signal classification based on SVM with improved squirrel search algorithm.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a complex bioelectrical signal. Analysis of which can provide researchers with useful physiological information. In order to recognize and classify EEG signals, a pattern recognition method for optimizing the support vector machine (SVM) by using improved squirrel search algorithm (ISSA) is proposed.

[Acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) for prevention of postpartum urinary retention in elderly parturient women: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To explore the preventive effect of acupuncture at Ciliao (BL 32) on postpartum urinary retention as well as the time and volume of the first urination after delivery in elderly parturient women undergoing vaginal delivery.

Methods: A total of 180 elderly parturient women (≥35 years old) undergoing vaginal delivery were randomly divided into a blank control group, a conditional control group and an observation group, 60 cases in each group. The patients in the blank control group were treated with routine nursing plan; based on the treatment of the blank control group, the patients in the conditional control group were treated with additional intervention measures such as applying hot towel on the bladder and fingers pressing to stimulate urination; based on the treatment of the blank control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral Ciliao (BL 32) one hour after delivery for 20 min (the acupuncture was given only once).

HIV Prevalence and Factors Influencing the Uptake of Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing among Older Clients of Female Sex Workers in Liuzhou and Fuyang Cities, China, 2016-2017: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of HIV and associated factors for participating HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) among older clients of female sex workers (CFSWs) in Liuzhou City and Fuyang City in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and the study employed 978 male CFSWs, aged 50 years and above from October 2016 to December 2017. All participants were required to complete a questionnaire and provide blood samples for HIV testing.

Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of 2-(Aryloxyacetyl)cyclohexane-1,3-Diones Derivatives as 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitors.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is a significant enzyme in the biosynthesis of plastoquinone and tocopherol. Moreover, it is also a potential target to develop new herbicide. The technology of computer-aided drug design (CADD) is a useful tool in the efficient discovery of new HPPD inhibitors.

Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-Produced Bivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: An Interim Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The high cost and insufficient supply of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have slowed the pace of controlling cervical cancer. A phase III clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of a novel Escherichia coli-produced bivalent HPV-16/18 vaccine.

Methods: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial started on November 22, 2012 in China.

A dual-function probe based on naphthalene for fluorescent turn-on recognition of Cu and colorimetric detection of Fe in neat HO.

A simple naphthalene derivative, 6-hydroxy-2-naphthohydrazide (NAH), was designed and synthesized through two facile steps reactions with the 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (NCA) as the starting material. In neat HO (10% 0.01 M HEPES buffer, v/v, pH = 7.

A naphthalene-quinoline based chemosensor for fluorescent "turn-on" and absorbance-ratiometric detection of Al and its application in cells imaging.

A new naphthalene-quinoline based chemosensor L was prepared and structurally characterized. L exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity to Al through distinct fluorescence enhancement (335-fold) and ratiometric detection in DMF/HO (v/v, 1/9) based on the combined mechanisms of ESIPT and CHEF. The recognizing behavior of L toward Al had been investigated in detail through Job's Plot, FT-IR, HNMR, and HRMS analysis.

Combination of Virtual Screening Protocol by toward the Discovery of Novel 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitors.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.

A Highly Selective Naphthalimide-Based Chemosensor: "Naked-Eye" Colorimetric and Fluorescent Turn-On Recognition of Al and Its Application in Practical Samples, Test Paper and Logic Gate.

A novel naphthalimide-based colorimetric and fluorescent turn-on chemosensor for Al was synthesized and characterized with spectroscopic techniques. In MeOH solution, BPAM showed high selectivity and sensitivity to Al by a 60-fold fluorescence enhancement and blue-shift absorption with visible color changes attributed to the contribution of chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) and inhibition of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). A 1:1 BPAM-Al complex confirmed by job's plot and HRMS with a binding constant of 6.

A Highly Selective and Sensitive Fluorescent Turn-Off Probe for Cu Based on a Guanidine Derivative.

A new highly selective and sensitive fluorescent probe for Cu, --butyl-4-(1'-cyclooctene-1',3',6'-triazole)-1,8-naphthalimide (), was synthesized and evaluated. The structure of compound was characterized via IR, ¹H-NMR, C-NMR and HRMS. The fluorescent probe was quenched by Cu with a 1:1 binding ratio and behaved as a "turn-off" sensor.

3D Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening and Docking Approaches toward the Discovery of Novel HPPD Inhibitors.

-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is not only the useful molecular target in treating life-threatening tyrosinemia type I, but also an important target for chemical herbicides. A combined in silico structure-based pharmacophore and molecular docking-based virtual screening were performed to identify novel potential HPPD inhibitors. The complex-based pharmacophore model (CBP) with 0.

Janus silver mesoporous silica nanobullets with synergistic antibacterial functions.

In this study, we exploited a one-pot method to fabricate cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-loaded Janus silver mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Janus Ag-MSNs@CTAB). These bullet-like nanoparticles had a silver head (80nm in diameter) attached to a mesoporous silica stick (200-300nm in length). The CTAB-loaded nanobullets exhibited a marked affinity for the bacterial cell surface and the simultaneously sustained release behavior of CTAB and silver ions.

Short-term Pharmacological Inhibition of MyD88 Homodimerization by a Novel Inhibitor Promotes Robust Allograft Tolerance in Mouse Cardiac and Skin Transplantation.

Background: Most strategies for antirejection and tolerance induction in clinical transplantation have focused on modifying adaptive immunity, it is unclear whether pharmacological suppressing the innate immune system can promote transplant tolerance.

Methods: We inhibited innate immunity by using our self-generated inhibitor of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), TJ-M2010-5, and investigated its therapeutic effects and mechanisms in cardiac and skin transplant models.

Results: TJ-M2010-5 directly and indirectly interacted with the Toll/IL-1R domain of MyD88, inhibiting MyD88 homodimerization.

Pharmacological inhibition of MyD88 homodimerization counteracts renal ischemia reperfusion-induced progressive renal injury in vivo and in vitro.

The activation of innate immunity via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) contributes to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney injury. However, since there have not yet been any effective therapy, the exact pharmacological role of MyD88 in the prevention and treatment of renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is not known. We designed a small molecular compound, TJ-M2010-2, which inhibited MyD88 homodimerization.

Comparative immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine with different dosages and schedules in healthy young adults in China.

Objectives: To compare immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine between the standard 3-dose (20 μg) and 2-dose with higher-dosage (60 μg) regimens in healthy young adults and evaluate the safety profile.

Methods: A randomized, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted among healthy young adults aged 18-25 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to three groups.

Targeting of MyD88 Homodimerization by Novel Synthetic Inhibitor TJ-M2010-5 in Preventing Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer.

Background: The TLR/MyD88 signaling pathway is an important driver of inflammation and cancer and is a possible target for antitumor therapy.

Methods: We generated a MyD88 inhibitor (TJ-M2010-5), which was designed to bind to the TIR domain of MyD88 to interfere with its homodimerization, and the TLR/MyD88 signal pathway. We utilized a mouse model of azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)-induced colitis-associated cancer (CAC) in combination with TJ-M2010-5 administration to investigate the anti-inflammation-related cancer effect of MyD88 inhibitor in vivo.

Application of controlled hypotension combined with autotransfusion in spinal orthomorphia.

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is a common spinal deformity in teenagers, which is managed mainly by orthomorphia. However, due to great trauma, long operative duration and large blood loss, a great amount of blood transfusion is needed during the surgery. Allogeneic blood transfusion should be reduced in order to release blood insufficient, decline blood transfusion expense, as well as avoid transfusion diseases.

NF-κB downregulates Cbl-b through binding and suppressing Cbl-b promoter in T cell activation.

T cell activation causes the translocation of NF-κB dimers from the cytoplasm into the nucleus where NF-κB regulates inflammatory and immune response genes. Cbl-b is a negative regulator of T cell activation. However, the correlation between NF-κB activity and Cbl-b expression remains unclear.

Prevalence and factors associated with late HIV diagnosis.

While highly active antiretroviral therapy has been successful in delaying progression into AIDS, late HIV diagnosis remains a major contributor to the mortality and morbidity of AIDS. An epidemiological study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and factors of late diagnosis and the characteristics of those individuals with late diagnosis in Liuzhou city. Patients with late diagnosis were defined as either those who were diagnosed with AIDS at the time of HIV diagnosis or as those who developed AIDS no more than 1 year after HIV diagnosis.