TSPO activation ameliorates maternal immune activation induced PV interneuron deficits via BDNF/TrkB signaling.

Rationale: Prenatal maternal immune activation (MIA) is an etiological risk factor for schizophrenia in offspring. Recently, parvalbumin (PV) positive interneuron deficits has been considered a critical pathology of many psych-cognitive disorders. Nevertheless, whether and how prenatal MIA affected PV interneuron in offspring remains largely unknown.

Oxytocin ameliorates cognitive impairments by attenuating excitation/inhibition imbalance of neurotransmitters acting on parvalbumin interneurons in a mouse model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of sepsis, and it also induces alterations in brain neurotransmission, thereby contributing to the development of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are pivotal contributors to cognitive processes in various central dysfunctions including SAE. Oxytocin, known for its ability to augment the firing rate of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons and directly stimulate inhibitory interneurons to enhance the tonic inhibition of pyramidal neurons, has prompted an investigation into its potential effects on cognitive dysfunction in SAE.

Deficit of perineuronal net induced by maternal immune activation mediates the cognitive impairment in offspring during adolescence.

Maternal immune activation (MIA) during pregnancy is considered a risk factor for neurodevelopment in the offspring, resulting in behavioral abnormalities. Furthermore, adolescence is a vulnerable period for developing different psycho-cognitive deficits. Here, we aimed to observe the cognitive consequences of prenatal MIA exposure in adolescents and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Abnormal theta oscillation aggravated by chronic stress in the CA1 may mediate the deterioration of fear memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide.

Both environmental stress and immune challenge can induce abnormal neurobehavior. However, the impact of chronic stress on immune challenge-related neurobehavioral abnormalities is still controversial. Hence, we aimed to investigate the effects of chronic stress on immune challenge-related neurobehavioral abnormalities and explore the possible underlying mechanisms.

Rinsing sampling of core needle biopsy for flow cytometric analysis: A favorable method for lymphoma diagnosis.

Background: Conventional protocols utilize core needle biopsy (CNB) or fine needle aspiration (FNA) to produce cell suspension for flow cytometry (FCM) is a diagnostic challenge for lymphoid malignancies. We aim to develop an alternative CNB rinsing technique (RT) to produce cell suspension for FCM during this mini-invasive procedure of CNB for lymphoma diagnosis.

Methods: FNA and CNB specimens from the same lesion of 93 patients with suspected lymphoma were collected under the guidance of B-ultrasound simultaneously.

Hippocampal complement C3 might contribute to cognitive impairment induced by anesthesia and surgery.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a well-recognized complication after major surgery in the elderly, but its pathophysiological mechanism is not fully understood. In the present study, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with tandem mass tags to identify differentially expressed proteins and perform further functional studies on protein of interest. Here, we showed that hippocampal complement C3 was significantly upregulated after surgery, which was accompanied by marked decreases in synaptic related proteins and density.

Overinhibition mediated by parvalbumin interneurons might contribute to depression-like behavior and working memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide challenge.

Systemic inflammation induces cognitive impairments via unclear mechanisms. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that a subset of neurons that express parvalbumin (PV) play a critical role in regulation of cognitive and emotional behavior. Thus, the aim of the present study was to test whether disruption of PV interneuron mediates systemic inflammation-induced depression-like behavior and working memory impairment by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.

[Molecular characterization of cotton leaf Curl Multan virus and its satellite DNA that infects Hibiscus rosa-sinensis].

Virus isolate G6 was obtained from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis showing yellow and leaf curl symptoms in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. The complete nucleotide sequence of DNA-A was determined to be 2 737 nucleotides encoding six potential ORFs. Comparison showed that G6 DNA-A had more than 89% sequence identify with all isolates of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMV) and shared the highest sequence identify (96.