Grassland caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Lymantriinae: ) are the most damaging pests to alpine meadows in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Here, we conducted extensive sampling from 39 geographic populations covering almost the entire distribution of the eight QTP (Hübner) species to investigate phylogeographic patterns and speciation based on two mitochondrial genes ( and ). A total of 40 haplotypes were detected in the 39 populations, with >70% of all haplotypes not shared between populations.
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