Malignant glaucoma treated by low-dose laser cycloplasty: a 1-year multicenter prospective non-comparative study.

Aim: To report a one-year clinical outcomes of low-dose laser cycloplasty (LCP) among malignant glaucoma patients.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, non-comparative clinical study, participants with malignant glaucoma were recruited and underwent LCP at eight ophthalmic centers in China. Patients were followed up at 1wk, 1, 3, 6, and 12mo.

Association of age at diagnosis of diabetes with subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases and vision acuity.

Background: The importance of age on the development of ocular conditions has been reported by numerous studies. Diabetes may have different associations with different stages of ocular conditions, and the duration of diabetes may affect the development of diabetic eye disease. While there is a dose-response relationship between the age at diagnosis of diabetes and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality, whether the age at diagnosis of diabetes is associated with incident ocular conditions remains to be explored.

Using choroidal thickness to detect myopic macular degeneration.

Aim: To explore the usage of choroidal thickness measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) to detect myopic macular degeneration (MMD) in high myopic participants.

Methods: Participants with bilateral high myopia (≤-6 diopters) were recruited from a subset of the Guangzhou Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center-Brien Holden Vision Institute High Myopia Cohort Study. SS-OCT was performed to determine the choroidal thickness, and myopic maculopathy was graded by the International Meta-Analysis for Pathologic Myopia (META-PM) Classification.

Quantitative analysis of dynamic iris changes in primary angle-closure disease with long axial lengths: the Handan Eye Study.

Objective: To investigate dynamic iris changes in patients with primary angle-closure disease (PACD) with long axial length (AL) compared to those with short and medium AL.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study enrolled participants aged 35 years or older from the Handan Eye Study follow-up examination who were diagnosed with PACD and underwent Visante anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) imaging under light and dark conditions. The right eye of each participant was included in the analysis.

Electroacupuncture alleviates ciliary muscle cell apoptosis in lens-induced myopic guinea pigs through inhibiting the mitochondrial signaling pathway.

Aim: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs with negative lens-induced myopia (LIM).

Methods: Guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, LIM group, LIM+SHAM acupoint (LIM+SHAM) group, and LIM+EA group. Animals in the NC group received no intervention, while those in other three groups were covered with -6.

Axial length shortening in myopic children with Stickler syndrome after repeated low-level red-light therapy.

Aim: To report the myopia-controlling effect of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy in patients with Stickler syndrome (STL), an inherited collagenic disease typically presenting with early onset myopia.

Methods: Three STL children, aged 3, 7, and 11y, received RLRL therapy throughout the follow-up period of 17, 3, and 6mo, respectively after exclusion of fundus anomalies. Data on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, cycloplegic subjective refraction, ocular biometrics, scanning laser ophthalmoscope, optical coherence tomography, genetic testing, systemic disease history, and family history were recorded.

Anterior segment measurements and determinants of angle width with short, medium, and long axial lengths in a rural Chinese population.

Purpose: To report the anterior segment measurements and investigate the determinants of angle width with short, medium, and long axial length (AL) in a rural Chinese population.

Design: Observational, population-based, cross-sectional study.

Methods: Subjects aged ≥35 years who underwent complete ocular examinations during the follow-up of the Handan Eye Study were included.

Anterior Segment Characteristics and Risk Factors for Primary Angle Closure Disease With Long Axial Lengths: The Handan Eye Study.

Purpose: To investigate the anterior segment characteristics of primary angle closure disease (PACD) with long axial length (AL) compared with that of those with short and medium AL and explore the risk factors associated with AC with different AL levels.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study enrolled subjects aged 35 years or older who completed the follow-up examinations of the Handan Eye Study and dichotomized them into normal and PACD groups. Ocular data of the right eye were analyzed.

Association between digital smart device use and myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Excessive use of digital smart devices, including smartphones and tablet computers, could be a risk factor for myopia. We aimed to review the literature on the association between digital smart device use and myopia.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis we searched MEDLINE and Embase, and manually searched reference lists for primary research articles investigating smart device (ie, smartphones and tablets) exposure and myopia in children and young adults (aged 3 months to 33 years) from database inception to June 2 (MEDLINE) and June 3 (Embase), 2020.

Who needs myopia control?

Myopia has become a major visual disorder among school-aged children in East Asia due to its rising prevalence over the past few decades and will continue to be a leading health issue with an annual incidence as high as 20%-30%. Although various interventions have been proposed for myopia control, consensus in treatment strategies has yet to be fully developed. Atropine and orthokeratology stand out for their effectiveness in myopia progression control, but children with rapid progression of myopia require treatment with higher concentrations of atropine that are associated with increased rates of side effects, or with orthokeratology that carries risk of significant complication.

IMI Prevention of Myopia and Its Progression.

The prevalence of myopia has markedly increased in East and Southeast Asia, and pathologic consequences of myopia, including myopic maculopathy and high myopia-associated optic neuropathy, are now some of the most common causes of irreversible blindness. Hence, strategies are warranted to reduce the prevalence of myopia and the progression to high myopia because this is the main modifiable risk factor for pathologic myopia. On the basis of published population-based and interventional studies, an important strategy to reduce the development of myopia is encouraging schoolchildren to spend more time outdoors.

Willingness to pay for cataract surgery in baiyin district, northwestern China.

Purpose: To investigate willingness to pay for cataract surgery, and its associations, in Northwestern China.

Methods: Four hundred thirty-eight persons aged 50 years and above, diagnosed with cataract indicated for surgery, identified in an outreach screening program were included. Subjects were offered a willingness-to-pay interview for the maximal amount that the subjects would be willing to pay for a cataract surgery.

Establishment and Comparison of Algorithms for Detection of Primary Angle Closure Suspect Based on Static and Dynamic Anterior Segment Parameters.

Purpose: To establish and evaluate algorithms for detection of primary angle closure suspects (PACS), the risk factor for primary angle closure disease by combining multiple static and dynamic anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) parameters.

Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study. The right eyes of subjects aged ≥40 years who participated in the 5-year follow-up of the Handan Eye Study, and underwent gonioscopy and ASOCT examinations under light and dark conditions were included.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness: A Population-based Assessment.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB).

Design: Population-based diagnostic accuracy study.

Methods: A total of 2145 (95.

Artificial Intelligence Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy: the Real-World Emerging Application.

Purpose Of Review: This paper systematically reviews the recent progress in diabetic retinopathy screening. It provides an integrated overview of the current state of knowledge of emerging techniques using artificial intelligence integration in national screening programs around the world. Existing methodological approaches and research insights are evaluated.

Influence of severity and types of astigmatism on visual acuity in school-aged children in southern China.

Aim: To investigate the influence of astigmatism on visual acuity in school-aged children, and to define a cutoff for clinically significant astigmatism.

Methods: This is a population-based, cross-sectional study. Among 5053 enumerated children aged 5-15y in Guangzhou, 3729 (73.

Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System for Diabetic Retinopathy and Related Eye Diseases Using Retinal Images From Multiethnic Populations With Diabetes.

Importance: A deep learning system (DLS) is a machine learning technology with potential for screening diabetic retinopathy and related eye diseases.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of a DLS in detecting referable diabetic retinopathy, vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy, possible glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in community and clinic-based multiethnic populations with diabetes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Diagnostic performance of a DLS for diabetic retinopathy and related eye diseases was evaluated using 494 661 retinal images.

Dynamic Iris Changes as a Risk Factor in Primary Angle Closure Disease.

Purpose: We studied the association between dynamic iris changes and the spectrum of primary angle closure disease (PACD), using the anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT).

Methods: Eligible primary angle closure (PAC), primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), age, and sex comparable primary angle closure suspects (PACS) and normal subjects from the 5-year follow-up of the Handan Eye Study underwent ASOCT testing in dark and light conditions. The right eye of each subject was analyzed and biometric parameters including iris cross-sectional area (IA), lens vault (LV), pupil diameter (PD), and centroid-to-centroid distance (CCD) were calculated using the Zhongshan Angle Assessment Program.

Quantitative analysis of iris changes following mydriasis in subjects with different mechanisms of angle closure.

Purpose: We estimate and compare change in iris cross-sectional area (IA) after physiologic and pharmacologic mydriasis in subjects with different dominant mechanisms for primary angle closure.

Methods: Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) measurements in light, dark, and following pharmacologic dilation were obtained on primary angle closure suspects (PACS), primary angle closure (PAC), and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) examined during the 5-year follow-up of the Handan Eye Study. Subjects were categorized into three subgroups according to their dominant angle closure (AC) mechanisms as determined by AS-OCT: pupillary block (PB), plateau iris configuration (PIC), and thick peripheral iris roll (TPIR).

Determinants of posterior corneal biometric measurements in a multi-ethnic Asian population.

Purpose: To describe the corneal and anterior segment determinants of posterior corneal arc length (PCAL) and posterior corneal curvature (PCC).

Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based study of 1069 subjects (1069 eyes) aged 40-80 years, from three major Asian ethnic groups. All underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography imaging and analysis with Zhongshan Angle Assessment Program.

Quantitative analysis of iris changes after physiologic and pharmacologic mydriasis in a rural Chinese population.

Purpose: To estimate and compare the change in iris cross-sectional area (IA) and iris volume (IV) following physiologic and pharmacologic pupil dilation in primary angle closure suspects (PACS) and normal subjects.

Methods: Anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) measurements in light, dark, and following pharmacologic dilation were obtained on 186 PACS and 224 normal subjects examined during the 5-year follow-up of the Handan Eye Study. Iris cross-sectional area, IV, and other biometric parameters calculated using the Zhongshan angle assessment program in the right eyes of all subjects were analyzed.

Comparison of anterior segment optical tomography parameters measured using a semi-automatic software to standard clinical instruments.

Objective: To compare anterior segment parameters measured using a semi-automatic software (Zhongshan Angle Assessment Program, ZAP) applied to anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images, with commonly used instruments.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of a total of 1069 subjects (1069 eyes) from three population-based studies of adults aged 40-80 years. All subjects underwent AS-OCT imaging and ZAP software was applied to determine anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior and keratometry (K) - readings.

Higher fish intake is associated with a lower risk of hip fractures in Chinese men and women: a matched case-control study.

Objectives: Fish is rich in nutrients that are favorable to bone health, but limited data are available regarding the relationship between fish intake and hip fractures. Our study examined the association between habitual fish intake and risk of hip fractures.

Methods: A case-control study was performed between June 2009 and June 2012 in Guangdong Province, China.