Cerebral ischemia induces oxidative brain injury via increased oxidative stress. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) exerts anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metal chelation effects through its active polyphenol constituent. This study investigates whether EGCG protection against cerebral ischemia-induced brain cortex injury occurs through modulating lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity, the essential elements of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu), Zn/Cu ratio, and the hazardous metal lead (Pb).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral ischemia results in increased oxidative stress in the affected brain. Accumulating evidence suggests that quercetin possesses anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The essential elements magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), and transition metal iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) are required for brain functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral ischemia is related to increased oxidative stress. Resveratrol displays anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The transition elements iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are indispensable for the brain but overload is deleterious to brain function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: In this study, near-infrared (NIR) technology was utilized to develop a low-cost real-time near infrared (NIR) guiding device for cannulation. A portable device that can be used by medical practitioners and also by students for their skills development training in performing cannulation.
Methods: First, is the development of a reflectance type optical vein finder using three (3) light emitting diode (LED) lights with 960 nm wavelength, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-infrared (CMOS-IR) sensor camera with 1920 × 1080 UXGA (1080P), IR filter set for the given wavelength, and an open-source image processing software.
Cerebral ischemia causes increased oxidative stress due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The polyphenol compound resveratrol exerts neuroprotective effects through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. The trace elements magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) also exert antioxidant properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl
May 2020
Calcium silicate cement has attracted much attention for bone defect repair and regeneration due to its osteogenic properties. Biomaterial-associated infections and washout have become a common clinical problem. In order to enhance the antibacterial and washout performance of calcium silicate cement to meet clinical needs, different types of chitosan, including chitosan polysaccharide (CTS), quaternary ammonium chitosan (QTS), and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), as a liquid phase were added to the calcium silicate powder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtherosclerosis involves the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The migration of VSMCs from the media into the intima and their subsequent proliferation are important processes in neointima formation in atherosclerosis and restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions. Acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, has been demonstrated to not affect serum levels of glucose and decrease the progression of intima-media thickening in rabbits fed with a high cholesterol diet (HCD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurcumin, a popular yellow pigment of the dietary spice turmeric, has been reported to inhibit cell growth and to induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells. Although numerous studies have investigated anticancer effects of curcumin, the precise molecular mechanism of action remains unidentified. Whereas curcumin mediates cell survival and apoptosis through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling cascades, its impact on the upstream regulation of MAPK is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcarbose, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, is reported to reduce the incidence of silent myocardial infarction and slow the progression of intima-media thickening in patients with glucose intolerance. Here we investigate other impacts of acarbose on atherosclerosis development and the underlying mechanisms of atherosclerosis initiation and progression in vivo and in vitro. Rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet (HCD) were treated with acarbose (2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies have shown that mulberry polyphenolic compounds have an anti-atherosclerotic effect in rabbits. Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the key determinant of the number of VSMCs in remodeling. To examine the effect of mulberry polyphenol extracts (MPEs) on the apoptosis of VSMCs and thus the prevention of atherosclerosis, this study investigated the ability of MPEs to induce apoptosis in vitro and the underlying mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtocatechuic acid (PCA) has been implicated in the progression of atherosclerosis. The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) additionally exerts several beneficial effects on vascular function and improves vascular abnormalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious studies have shown that mulberry water extracts (MWEs), which contain polyphenolic compounds, have an antiatherosclerotic effect in vivo and in vitro through stimulating apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Histological analysis was performed on atherosclerotic lesions from high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rabbits after treatment with 0.5-1% MWEs for 10 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomed Sci
August 2014
Background: The DEP domain is a globular domain containing approximately 90 amino acids, which was first discovered in 3 proteins: Drosophila disheveled, Caenorhabditis elegans EGL-10, and mammalian Pleckstrin; hence the term, DEP. DEPDC1B is categorized as a potential Rho GTPase-activating protein. The function of the DEP domain in signal transduction pathways is not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious studies have shown that mulberry water extracts (MWEs), which contain polyphenolic compounds, have an antiatherosclerotic effect in rabbits. Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the key determinant of the number of VSMCs in remodeling. To improve the recovery from atherosclerosis pathology, it would be ideal to induce regression of atherosclerotic plaques and apoptosis of VSMCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMulberry 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), an inhibitor of α-glucosidase, has been reported to help prevent diabetes mellitus and suppress lipid accumulation. The aim of this study was to determine whether mulberry DNJ has pleiotropic effects on the development of atherosclerosis. The mechanisms by which mulberry DNJ might inhibit migration of A7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) under hyperglycemic conditions mimicking diabetes were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related atherosclerosis. The molecular mechanism of GA on oleic acid (OA)-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell is evaluated. Cells were treated with OA (150 μM), or co-treated with OA and GA (10-30 μM) for 48 h, MTT assay was performed for proliferation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Infective endocarditis in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is rare. Management of this disease is challenging due to the unique features of dynamic pressure gradient over the left ventricular outflow tract and its unpredictable interaction with the management of sepsis. The added complexity of infective endocarditis further complicates an already difficult situation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study used high-cholesterol-fed New Zealand white rabbits and aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to investigate the impact of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) on the development of atherosclerosis. The results show that the major components of MLE are polyphenols, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, and the major contituents of mulberry leaf polyphenol extract (MLPE) are polyphenols and flavonoids. In addition to improvement of liver function, the atheroma burden and levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are also significantly reduced after MLE treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes derived from distinct pathways are associated with a breast cancer risk. Identifying possible SNP-SNP interactions in genome-wide case-control studies is an important task when investigating genetic factors that influence common complex traits; the effects of SNP-SNP interaction need to be characterized. Furthermore, observations of the complex interplay (interactions) between SNPs for high-dimensional combinations are still computationally and methodologically challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProper trace element level and antioxidant enzyme activity are crucial for the brain in maintaining normal neurological functions. To our knowledge, alteration of lipid peroxidation status, trace element level, and antioxidant activity in the homogenates of brain cortex after cerebral ischemia in gerbil, however, has not been investigated so far. Male Mongolian gerbils were divided into control and ischemic subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Toxicol
September 2013
Preventive effects of ellagic acid against doxorubicin-induced cardiac oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic stress were examined. This agent at 0.25, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe protective effects of Houttuynia cordata aqueous extract (HCAE) in mice consuming a high saturated fat diet (HFD) were examined. HCAE, at 0.5, 1, or 2%, was supplied in drinking water for 8 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study analyzed the content of eight triterpenes (oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, arjunolic acid, asiatic acid, boswellic acid, corosolic acid, madecassic acid, and maslinic acid) in ten vegetables and eight fruits. These compounds at 0.5% were supplied to mice for 4 or 8 weeks.
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