Visual screening of butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors by a cellulose membrane biosensor with amide-bonded immobilization of butyrylcholinesterase in a solid-phase enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

The rapid discovery of highly active butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors is key to the treatment of the late stages of Alzheimer's disease. Herein, a colorimetric cellulose membrane (CM)-based biosensor was developed. The CM was employed as a carrier, which can be immobilized with the BChE and 5,5'-dithio-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) to prepare the biosensor for the solid-phase enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

Endothelial eNOS deficiency causes podocyte injury through NFAT2 and heparanase in diabetic mice.

The pivotal role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) has been demonstrated using global eNOS knockout (eNOSGKO) mice. However, the precise role of endothelially expressed eNOS and how its deficiency advances DN are still unclear. Here, we targeted endothelial eNOS expression (E-eNOSKO) after the onset of diabetes using the floxed eNOS and endSCL-CreER alleles.

Visual detection of uric acid in serum through catalytic oxidation by a novel cellulose membrane biosensor with schiff base immobilized uricase.

Uric acid (UA) serves as an important biochemical marker of various diseases, making the development of a novel method for its rapid and straightforward visual detection highly valuable. In this study, a uricase-based cellulose membrane biosensor (UCMB) was constructed by immobilizing uricase via a Schiff base reaction and nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) through adsorption. The UCMB detects UA through a mechanism in which uricase catalyzes the oxidation of UA, generation O radicals that subsequently oxidize NBT to formazan, producing a distinctive color change from yellow to purple.

Macrophage SPAK deletion limits a low potassium-induced kidney inflammatory program.

Inadequate dietary potassium (K) consumption is a significant contributor to poor cardiovascular outcomes. A diet with reduced K content has been shown to cause salt-sensitive increases in blood pressure. More recently, we have also shown that reductions in blood K can cause direct kidney injury, independent of dietary sodium (Na) content.

Asymptomatic multicentric Castleman disease: a potential early stage of idiopathic MCD.

According to the diagnostic criteria for human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)-negative/idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) proposed by Castleman Disease Collaborative Network in 2017, there is a group of HHV-8-negative patients with multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) who do not have symptoms and hyperinflammatory state and do not meet the iMCD criteria. This retrospective study enrolled 114 such patients, described as asymptomatic MCD (aMCD), from 26 Chinese centers from 2000 to 2021. With a median follow-up time of 46.

Discovery of Novel Acethydrazide-Containing Flavonol Derivatives as Potential Antifungal Agents.

In this study, a series of novel hydrazide-containing flavonol derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antifungal activity. In the antifungal assay, most of the target compounds exhibited potent antifungal activity against seven tested phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, compound showed the best antifungal activity against (EC = 0.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential contributes to accelerated chronic kidney disease progression.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a common inflammatory condition of aging that causes myriad end-organ damage. We have recently shown associations for CHIP with acute kidney injury and with kidney function decline in the general population, with stronger associations for CHIP driven by mutations in genes other than (non- CHIP). Longitudinal kidney function endpoints in individuals with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CHIP have been examined in two previous studies, which reported conflicting findings and were limited by small sample sizes.

Low potassium activation of proximal mTOR/AKT signaling is mediated by Kir4.2.

The renal epithelium is sensitive to changes in blood potassium (K). We identify the basolateral K channel, Kir4.2, as a mediator of the proximal tubule response to K deficiency.

Cytoplasmic retention of the DNA/RNA-binding protein FUS ameliorates organ fibrosis in mice.

Uncontrolled accumulation of extracellular matrix leads to tissue fibrosis and loss of organ function. We previously demonstrated in vitro that the DNA/RNA-binding protein fused in sarcoma (FUS) promotes fibrotic responses by translocating to the nucleus, where it initiates collagen gene transcription. However, it is still not known whether FUS is profibrotic in vivo and whether preventing its nuclear translocation might inhibit development of fibrosis following injury.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential is associated with acute kidney injury.

Age is a predominant risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI), yet the biological mechanisms underlying this risk are largely unknown. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) confers increased risk for several chronic diseases associated with aging. Here we sought to test whether CHIP increases the risk of AKI.

(CHNCl)(IOCl): a birefringent crystal featuring unprecedented (IOCl) anions and π-conjugated organic cations.

Birefringent crystals can manipulate the polarization state of lasers and have vital application in polarizers, optical isolators, phase compensators, The design and synthesis of crystals with large birefringence remains a challenging task. To design crystals with large birefringence, we combine an unprecedented chloroiodate(v) group (IOCl) featuring large polarizability anisotropy and a strong stereochemically active lone pair (SCALP) with the π-conjugated 2-amino-5-chloropyridine group. The superior synergy effect of (IOCl) and 2-amino-5-chloropyridine groups produces a new birefringent crystal, namely (CHNCl)(IOCl).

Role of protease-activated receptor 4 in mouse models of acute and chronic kidney injury.

Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by thrombin. In the platelet, response to thrombin PAR4 contributes to the predominant procoagulant microparticle formation, increased fibrin deposition, and initiation of platelet-stimulated inflammation. In addition, PAR4 is expressed in other cell types, including endothelial cells.

Epidermal growth factor receptor activation is essential for kidney fibrosis development.

Fibrosis is the progressive accumulation of excess extracellular matrix and can cause organ failure. Fibrosis can affect nearly every organ including kidney and there is no specific treatment currently. Although Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway has been implicated in development of kidney fibrosis, underlying mechanisms by which EGFR itself mediates kidney fibrosis have not been elucidated.

Ce(IO)F and Ce(IO)(NO): Two Mixed-Anion Cerium Iodates with Good Nonlinear Optical and Birefringent Properties.

Two new mixed-anion cerium iodates, namely, Ce(IO)F and Ce(IO)(NO), have been rationally designed through the integration of hybrid anionic functional building blocks (FBBs). The structure of Ce(IO)F features a novel [Ce(IO)F] bilayer, and the material exhibits large birefringence (0.225 @546 nm).

α- and β-(CHNO)(IO)·HIO: Two SHG Materials Based on Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Iodates.

Organic-inorganic hybrid nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are highly anticipated because of the integration of both merits of the organic and inorganic moieties. Herein, the 2-pyrimidinone cation (CHNO) has been incorporated into the iodate system to form two polymorphic organic-inorganic hybrid iodates, namely, α- and β-(CHNO)(IO)·HIO. They crystallize in different polar space groups ( and 2), and their structures feature one-dimensional (1D) chain structures composed of (CHNO) cations, IO anions, and HIO molecules interconnected via hydrogen bonds.

[Multiomics and Multidimensional Testing for Efficacy Monitoring of Patients with Lymphoma].

Objective: To explore the role of a new blood-based, multiomics and multidimensional method for evaluating the efficacy of patients with lymphoma.

Methods: 10 ml peripheral blood was extracted from each patient, and the genomic copy number aberrations (CNA) and fragment size (FS) were evaluated by low-depth whole genome sequencing of cfDNA, and the level of a group of plasma tumor marker (PTM) were detected at the same time. The cancer efficacy score (CES) was obtained by standardized transformation of the value of above three numerical indexes, and the changes of CES before and after treatment were compared to evaluate the patient's response to the treatment regimen.

Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential is Associated with Acute Kidney Injury.

Age is a predominant risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI), yet the biological mechanisms underlying this risk are largely unknown and to date no genetic mechanisms for AKI have been established. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a recently recognized biological mechanism conferring risk of several chronic aging diseases including cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease and liver disease. In CHIP, blood stem cells acquire mutations in myeloid cancer driver genes such as and and the myeloid progeny of these mutated cells contribute to end-organ damage through inflammatory dysregulation.

Renal function is a major predictor of circulating acyl-CoA-binding protein/diazepam-binding inhibitor.

Objective: Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP)/diazepam-binding inhibitor has lately been described as an endocrine factor affecting food intake and lipid metabolism. ACBP is dysregulated in catabolic/malnutrition states like sepsis or systemic inflammation. However, regulation of ACBP has not been investigated in conditions with impaired kidney function, so far.

A national, multicenter, retrospective study of Castleman disease in China implementing CDCN criteria.

Background: Castleman disease (CD) is a group of rare and heterogenous lymphoproliferative disorders including unicentric CD (UCD), human herpesvirus-8(HHV-8)-associated multicentric CD (HHV8-MCD), and HHV-8-negative/idiopathic multicentric CD (iMCD). Knowledge of CD mainly comes from case series or retrospective studies, but the inclusion criteria of these studies vary because the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN) diagnostic criteria for iMCD and UCD were not available until 2017 and 2020, respectively. Further, these criteria and guidelines have not been systematically evaluated.

Feasibility and efficacy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of discoid lateral meniscus and its classification in children: protocol for a prospective, multicentre, diagnostic test study.

Introduction: Although ultrasound can reportedly diagnose discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) in children, its widespread application is challenging because the diagnostic criteria are based on qualitative descriptions of DLM morphology rather than quantitative parameters. Additionally, no studies have applied ultrasound in classifying DLM. Therefore, this study aims to establish the quantitative ultrasound parameters that reflect DLM morphology, evaluate the feasibility and validity of these parameters for identifying DLM and their classification, and develop the quantitative ultrasound diagnostic criteria for DLM and their classification in children.

Orelabrutinib for the treatment of relapsed or refractory MCL: a phase 1/2, open-label, multicenter, single-arm study.

Relapsed or refractory (r/r) mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B-cell malignancy with a poor prognosis. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a mediator of B-cell receptor signaling and is associated with the development of B-cell lymphomas. Patients with r/r MCL were enrolled in this phase 1/2 study and treated with orelabrutinib, a novel, highly selective BTK inhibitor.