[Research Progress on the Interaction Between Microorganisms and Macrophages and Their Role in the Mediation of the Onset and Development of Oral Cancer].

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common malignant tumor in the world, and the clinical treatment effect is not satisfactory. Because of the special nature of its location, oral cancer is inextricably linked with a wide variety of microorganisms, and its pathogenesis and development are also extremely susceptible to microbial regulation. In addition, the mediating role of the immune system is also indispensable to the course of tumor pathogenesis and development, especially tumor-associated macrophages, which amplify the regulatory role of microorganisms, and in turn regulate the microbial population components--two complementary effects that jointly exacerbate oral cancer.

[Innovative Instructional Reform and Practice of -A Course in Undergraduate Stomatology Curriculum].

is a vital component of the basic science of stomatology and an important compulsory course for undergraduate students of stomatology, focusing on the oral microbiology and microecology, the pathogenesis of oral infectious diseases, and the relationship between oral microbes and human health. Our faculty team have made reforms of the theory and laboratory teaching of the course . We have introduced in the classroom the concept of the full involvement of everyone, the through-course approach and all-round education-and offered inquiry-based instruction through a combination of extracting the core information from every chapter, using the core information as the foundation, integrating the core information with clinical problems, and using experiment operation to foster in the students an attitude of solving clinical problems through research.

Simultaneous detection of multiple bacterial and viral aquatic pathogens using a fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based dual-sample microfluidic chip.

Rapid and user-friendly diagnostic tests are necessary for early diagnosis and immediate detection of diseases, particularly for on-site screening of pathogenic microorganisms in aquaculture. In this study, we developed a dual-sample microfluidic chip integrated with a real-time fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (dual-sample on-chip LAMP) to simultaneously detect 10 pathogenic microorganisms, that is Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V.

RGD-binding integrins mediated phagocytosis involved in the entry of Edwardsiella tarda into mudskipper MO/MФ.

The versatile fish pathogen Edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen with the ability to invade and replicate in host phagocytes. However, the mechanism mediating the uptake of E. tarda in fish monocytes/macrophages (MO/MΦ) is not yet understood.

Mudskipper interleukin-34 modulates the functions of monocytes/macrophages via the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor 1.

Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a novel cytokine that plays an important role in innate immunity and inflammatory processes by binding to the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R). However, information on the function of IL-34 in fish remains limited. In the present study, we identified an IL-34 homolog from mudskippers ( ).

D-dopachrome tautomerase from Japanese sea bass ( ) is a chemokine-like cytokine and functional homolog of macrophage migration inhibitory factor.

D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT), a member of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) protein superfamily, is a newly described cytokine with chemokine-like characteristics. However, research on fish DDT remains limited. In this study, we identified a DDT homolog (LjDDT) from the Japanese sea bass, .

The host defense peptide β-defensin confers protection against Vibrio anguillarum in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis.

β-defensin is a cationic host defense peptide actively participating in host innate immune response against pathogens. In teleost fish, β-defensin exhibits a diversity in genotypes and functions. Herein, a β-defensin homolog (PaBD) was identified from ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, showing multiple tissues' upregulation against Vibrio anguillarum challenge.

A soluble FcγR homolog inhibits IgM antibody production in ayu spleen cells.

Classical Fc receptors (FcRs) mediate the binding to and recognition of the Fc portion of antibodies and play an important role during immune responses in mammals. Although proteins similar to soluble FcRs have been identified in fish, little is known about the role of such proteins in fish immunity. Here, we cloned a cDNA sequence encoding a soluble Fc receptor for an immunoglobulin G (FcγR) homolog from ayu () (PaFcγRl).

Quaternary ammonium-induced multidrug tolerant Streptococcus mutans persisters elevate cariogenic virulence in vitro.

Dental caries are the most prevalent chronic infections in the oral cavity, and Streptococcus mutans acts as the main cariogenic bacterial species. Antibacterial quaternary ammonium compounds (QAs) have been developed to preveFnt or treat dental caries. However, there is no report on the tolerance of S.

[Analysis of causes and whole microbial structure in a case of rampant caries].

Objective: To analyze the whole microbial structure in a case of rampant caries to provide evidence for its prevention and treatment.

Methods: Clinical samples including blood, supragingival plaque, plaque in the caries cavity, saliva, and mucosal swabs were collected with the patient's consent. The blood sample was sent for routine immune test, and the others samples were stained using Gram method and cultured for identifying colonies and 16S rRNA sequencing.

Alanine racemase is essential for the growth and interspecies competitiveness of Streptococcus mutans.

D-alanine (D-Ala) is an essential amino acid that has a key role in bacterial cell wall synthesis. Alanine racemase (Alr) is a unique enzyme that interconverts L-alanine and D-alanine in most bacteria, making this enzyme a potential target for antimicrobial drug development. Streptococcus mutans is a major causative factor of dental caries.

Molecular characterization of an interleukin-4/13B homolog in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and its role in fish against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

Mammalian interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 13 (IL-13) molecules are anti-inflammatory cytokines mediating the alternative activation of macrophages. However, the role of fish IL-4/13 homologs in monocytes/macrophages (MO/MФ) polarization remains unclear. In this study, we have functionally identified an IL-4/13B homolog in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), which is termed as CiIL-4/13B.

Comparative transcriptome analysis on the alteration of gene expression in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) larvae associated with salinity change.

Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) fish, which are an amphidromous species distributed in East Asia, live in brackish water (BW) during their larval stage and in fresh water (FW) during their adult stage. In this study, we found that FW-acclimated ayu larvae exhibited a slower growth ratio compared with that of BW-acclimated larvae. However, the mechanism underlying FW acclimation on growth suppression is poorly known.

Molecular and functional characterization of a novel CD302 gene from ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis).

Recognizing the presence of invading pathogens by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is key to mounting an effective innate immune response. Mammalian CD302 is an unconventional C-type lectin like receptor (CTLR) involved in the functional regulation of immune cells. However, the role of CD302 in fish remains unclear.

Molecular cloning, pathologically-correlated expression and functional characterization of the colonystimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) gene from a teleost, Plecoglossus altivelis.

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) is an important regulator of monocytes/macrophages (MO/MΦ). Although several CSF-1R genes have been identified in teleosts, the precise role of CSF- 1R in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) remains unclear. In this study, we characterized the CSF-1R homologue from P.

A transmembrane C-type lectin receptor mediates LECT2 effects on head kidney-derived monocytes/macrophages in a teleost, Plecoglossus altivelis.

Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in many diseases in which immune dysfunction is present. Ayu LECT2 (PaLECT2), which interacts with a C-type lectin receptor (PaCLR), was shown to activate ayu head kidney-derived monocytes/macrophages (MO/MΦ) to improve the outcomes of fish upon bacterial infections. However, it is not known if PaCLR mediates PaLECT2 effects on ayu MO/MΦ.

Cathelicidin modulates the function of monocytes/macrophages via the P2X7 receptor in a teleost, Plecoglossus altivelis.

Cathelicidins (CATHs) are a family of endogenous antimicrobial peptides that are capable of both direct bacteria-killing and immunomodulatory effects. P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a mediator of CATH in mammalian immune cells. Here, we studied the function and regulation of CATH in head kidney-derived monocytes/macrophages (MO/MФ) from ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis.

Molecular characterization of an IL-1β gene from the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and its effect on fish defense against Vibrio alginolyticus infection.

Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), the first interleukin to be characterized, plays a key role in regulating the immune response. In this study, we determined the cDNA and genomic DNA sequences of the IL-1β gene from the large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the IL-1β (LcIL-1β) gene was most closely related to that of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), sharing 67.

Characterization of E3 ubiquitin ligase neuregulin receptor degradation protein-1 (Nrdp1) in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and its immune responses to Cryptocaryon irritans.

Neuregulin receptor degradation protein-1 (Nrdp1) was recently identified in humans as an important immune factor responding to the challenge of virus, LPS or cytokine. Its role in fish immune defense and whether it is involved in anti-parasite immunity have not been proven yet. In this report, the full-length cDNA sequence and genomic structure of Nrdp1 in the large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea (LcNrdp1) were identified and characterized.

Cloning the Dmrt1 and DmrtA2 genes of ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) and mapping their expression in adult, larval, and embryonic stages.

The Dmrt family of genes are involved in sex differentiation in different species of invertebrates, and some vertebrates including human. In this study, we cloned the full-length cDNA of ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) Dmrt1 and DmrtA2. Sequence and phylogenetic tree analyses showed ayu Dmrt1 showed highest similarity to that of Oncorhynchus mykiss while ayu DmrtA2 is most similar to that of Oryzias latipes.

Role of sortase in Streptococcus mutans under the effect of nicotine.

Streptococcus mutans is a common Gram-positive bacterium and plays a significant role in dental caries. Tobacco and/or nicotine have documented effects on S. mutans growth and colonization.

[Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and stress-related changes of the heat shock protein 60 gene in Neobenedenia melleni].

Heat shock protein 60 is an essential chaperone that can maintain the natural structure and function of mitochondrial proteins. Here, we successfully cloned the full length cDNA of HSP60 from Neobenedenia melleni, designated as NmHSP60. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the expression change of NmHSP60 under different temperature and salinity.

[Cloning, physical and chemical property analysis of the Japanese sea bass Wap65-2 gene and its expression following Vibrio harveyi infection].

The warm temperature acclimation related 65 kDa protein-2 (Wap65-2), a teleost plasma glycoprotein, plays an important role in immune regulation against bacterial infection. Here, for the first time we determined the full length cDNA sequence of the Japanese sea bass Wap65-2 gene (1 601 bp in length excluding the 3'-polyA tail). The sequence contains an open reading frame that encodes a protein of 436 amino acids with a molecular weight of 4.

[Alteration on the expression of ayu coagulation factor X gene upon Listonella anguillarum infection].

Coagulation factor X (FX) plays an important role in the immune response of mammals. In this study, the full length cDNA sequence of the ayu FX gene, 1817 bp in length excluding 3'-polyA tail, was determined for the first time. The sequence contained an open reading frame, which encoded a protein of 453 amino acids with a molecular weight of 5.

[Screening of microsatellite markers associated with cold tolerance of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.)].

Cold tolerance is one of the major economic characters in fish. In order to discuss the cold tolerance of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.), fifteen fluorescent dye-labeled microsatellite markers were applied to detect genetic differences between F1 offsprings of cold tolerance group and normal group of large yellow croaker by SSR-PCR.