Precision Synthesis of Polysarcosine via Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization of -Carboxyanhydride: Fast Kinetics, Ultrahigh Molecular Weight, and Mechanistic Insights.

The rapid and controlled synthesis of high-molecular-weight (HMW) polysarcosine (pSar), a potential polyethylene glycol (PEG) alternative, via the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of -carboxyanhydride (NCA) is rare and challenging. Here, we report the well-controlled ROP of sarcosine NCA (Sar-NCA) that is catalyzed by various carboxylic acids, which accelerate the polymerization rate up to 50 times, and enables the robust synthesis of pSar with an unprecedented ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) up to 586 kDa (DP ∼ 8200) and exceptionally narrow dispersity () below 1.05.

Mechanisms associated with the depigmentation of brown eggshells: a review.

Eggshell color is an important shell quality trait that influences consumer preference. It is also of particular importance with respect to sexual signaling and the physiological and mechanical properties of shell pigment. Pigments include protoporphyrin IX, biliverdin, and traces of biliverdin zinc chelates, with brown eggs being notably rich in protoporphyrin IX, the synthesis of which has a marked effect on the intensity of brown eggshell color.

Mitochondrial transcription factor A induces the declined mitochondrial biogenesis correlative with depigmentation of brown eggshell in aged laying hens.

Eggshell color is an important characteristic for poultry eggs. Eggs from aged hens usually have poor shell color that is unacceptable for the table egg market. The objective of this study was to examine effects of pigment synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis on brown eggshell color of aged laying hens.

Effects of dietary Enteromorpha powder on reproduction-related hormones and genes during the late laying period of Zi geese.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Enteromorpha powder supplementation on reproduction-related hormones and genes in the late laying period of Zi geese.

Methods: A total of 312 (1-year-old) Zi geese with similar laying rate were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates each, each with 21 female geese and 5 male geese. The control group was fed with a basal diet and the test group was fed with a diet containing 3% Enteromorpha powder.

Correlations of Molecular Weights of β-Glucans from Qingke (Tibetan Hulless Barley) to Their Multiple Bioactivities.

β-glucans have been considered the major bioactive components in Qingke (Tibetan hulless barley). However, the structure⁻function relationships of β-glucans from Qingke have seldom been investigated. Whether the bioactivities of Qingke β-glucans are closely correlated to their molecular weights remains unknown.