Super pangenome of Vitis empowers identification of downy mildew resistance genes for grapevine improvement.

Grapevine (Vitis) is one of the oldest domesticated fruit crops with great cultural and economic importance. Here we assembled and annotated haplotype-resolved genomes of 72 global Vitis accessions including 25 wild and 47 cultivated grapevines, among which genomes for 60 grapevines are newly released. Haplotype-aware phylogenomics disentangled the mysterious hybridization history of grapevines, revealing the enormous genetic diversity of the Vitis genus.

Global, Regional and National Burden of Edentulism and Periodontal Diseases from 1990 to 2021: Analysis of Risk Factors and Prediction of Trends in 2050.

Background/aim: Periodontal diseases and edentulism remain a prevalent and disabling oral health condition worldwide, with significant regional disparities. This study systematically evaluated the burden of periodontal disease and edentulism at global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 framework.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed trends in incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLD), exploring their associations with the socio-demographic index (SDI) and other risk factors.

[Analysis of hub genes, pathways and immune checkpoints of CD8+ T cells in metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in C3H/He mice].

Purpose: To explore the expression of hub genes, pathways and inhibitory immune checkpoints of CD8+ T cells in metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) in C3H/He mice.

Methods: A popliteal lymph node metastasis model of immunocompetent C3H/He mice was constructed with SCC-7 cell line of HNSCC, and the lymph node metastasis status was determined by immunofluorescence. CD8+ T cells in normal and metastatic lymph nodes were sorted by flow cytometry, and transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed to screen out differentially expressed genes.

A Review of the Genus Westwood, 1847 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from China Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses, with the Description of a New Species.

The taxonomy of genus Westwood, 1847 from China is reviewed based on analysis of wing morphology, male and female genitalia and phylogenetic relationships derived from DNA barcodes. A new species, sp. nov.

Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid-Based Delivery of DJ-1-saRNA Prevent Retinal Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibiting Ferroptosis.

Retinal ischaemia/reperfusion injury (RI/RI) is the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying retinal ischaemic diseases, potentially resulting in significant and irreversible visual impairment. Currently, there are no effective treatments available for RI/RI, and oxidative stress is a critical factor that contributes to the associated damage. DJ-1, an important endogenous antioxidant, has been proposed as a promising therapeutic agent for RI/RI owing to its potential for overexpression.

Co-host ncRNA MIR503HG/miR-503-5p antagonistically interfere with the crosstalk between fibroblasts and microvascular endothelial cells by affecting the production of LMW FGF2 in pterygium.

Aim: To explore the effect of co-host non-coding RNA (ncRNA) MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on the angiogenesis of pterygium.

Methods: MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression levels in pterygium tissues, control conjunctival tissues, and human pterygium fibroblasts (HPF) were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical methods. Effects of MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on low molecular weight FGF2 (LWM FGF2), migration and angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMEC) were determined in an HPF and HRMEC co-culture model using Western blots, wound healing assay, Matrigel-based tube formation assay, and Transwell assay.

The range of motion characteristics of atlantoaxial joints with the "sandwich" deformity: a human cadaveric biomechanical study.

During our clinical work, a special subtype of atlantoaxial dislocation(AAD) was identified, which was combined with atlas occipitalization and C2-3 fusion and was named as "sandwich" AAD.To explore if the biomechanical characteristics between atlantoaxial joints in "sandwich" deformity patients is particular and if there is a relationship between the AAD and the malformations (Chiari malformation and the formation of syringomyelia). A biomechanical study on the atlantoaxial joint by simulating "sandwich" deformity in cadaveric specimens was conducted.

A case of Bartonella Neuroretinitis Presenting with Concomitant Frosted Branch Angiitis on long-term follow-up.

Purpose: To report a patient with Bartonella henselae-associated ocular inflammation that manifested with central retinal vein occlusion and neuroretinitis.

Methods: A case report including multimodal imaging and indirect fluorescent antibody test results was used.

Results: This case highlights the importance of clinical examination and maintaining a high diagnostic suspicion for neuroretinitis in a healthy young woman without vascular risk factors.

Challenges and barriers to physician decision-making for prescribing and deprescribing among patients with multimorbidity in eastern China's primary care settings: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Patients with multimorbidity have an increased risk of medication-related problems. Physicians face the dilemmas of multimorbidity management with multiple medications in primary care settings. We aimed to investigate the experiences and perceptions of primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding their decision-making processes in prescribing and deprescribing medications for patients with multimorbidity, and identify the challenges and barriers they face.

Correlation of retinal curvature with ocular biometry in patients with myopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between retinal curvature (RC) and ocular biometry in patients with myopia.

Method: The clinical data of 74 patients with myopia (148 eyes) were retrospectively analyzed. Macular 24×20 mm optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were acquired using an ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography (UWF SS-OCT) system.

Highly printable, strong, and ductile ordered intermetallic alloy.

Ordered intermetallic alloys are renowned for their impressive mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, making them appealing for various fields. However, practical applications of them have long been severely hindered due to their severe brittleness and poor fabricability. It is difficult to fabricate such materials into components with complex geometries through traditional subtractive manufacturing methods.

Machine Learning and Multi-Omics Integration to Reveal Biomarkers and Microbial Community Assembly Differences in Abnormal Stacking Fermentation of Sauce-Flavor .

Stacking fermentation is critical in sauce-flavor production, but winter production often sees abnormal fermentations, like Waistline and Sub-Temp fermentation, affecting yield and quality. This study used three machine learning models (Logistic Regression, KNN, and Random Forest) combined with multi-omics (metagenomics and flavoromics) to develop a classification model for abnormal fermentation. SHAP analysis identified 13 Sub-Temp Fermentation and 9 Waistline microbial biomarkers, along with 9 Sub-Temp Fermentation and 12 Waistline flavor biomarkers.

Polydopamine nanoparticles loaded with sodium ferulate for targeted therapy of myocardial infarction in endothelial cells.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of heart failure and death in cardiovascular diseases. Most drug trials currently fail due to inadequate local drug activity and side effects. In this study, we developed a novel polydopamine (PDA) nano delivery system that carries sodium ferulate (SF) and is modified with RGD peptides (SF/RGD-PDA NPs) for precise targeted delivery.

Double-Dynamic-Bond Cross-Linked Hydrogel Adhesive with Cohesion-Adhesion Enhancement for Emergency Tissue Closure and Infected Wound Healing.

The hydrogel adhesives with strong tissue adhesion and biological characteristics adhm202404447are urgently needed for injury sealing and tissue repair. However, the negative correlation between tissue adhesion and the mechanical strength poses a challenge for their practical application. Herein, a bio-inspired cohesive enhancement strategy is developed to prepare the hydrogel adhesive with simultaneously enhanced mechanical strength and tissue adhesion.

The Beijing Sentence Corpus II: A cross-script comparison between traditional and simplified Chinese sentence reading.

We introduce a sentence corpus with eye-movement data in traditional Chinese (TC), based on the original Beijing Sentence Corpus (BSC) in simplified Chinese (SC). The most noticeable difference between TC and SC character sets is their visual complexity. There are reaction time corpora in isolated TC character/word lexical decision and naming tasks.

Rumen protozoa and viruses: New insights into their diversity and potential roles through omics lenses-A review.

The rumen microbiome is essential for breaking down indigestible plant material, supplying ruminants with most of their metabolizable energy and protein. While research has primarily focused on bacteria and archaea, protozoa and viruses (phages) have only gained attention in recent years. Protozoa contribute to feed digestion and fermentation, but as predators, they regulate microbial populations by lysing large quantities of microbial cells (the primary protein source for ruminants) and influence the amount of microbial protein reaching the small intestines, along with other mechanisms of interactions.

Towards healthy sleep environments: Ambient, indoor, and personal exposure to PM and its implications in children's sleep health.

The growing impact of climate change and escalating wildfire seasons has led to heightened ambient air pollution, potentially affecting children's sleep health. However, current epidemiological research often relies on outdoor weather data to model the environmental impacts on sleep health, potentially mischaracterizing the actual bedroom environment. To address these challenges, we conducted experiments to investigate the relationships among ambient, indoor, and personal exposure to PM concentrations and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children.

Effects of exosomes from human dental pulp stem cells on the biological behavior of human fibroblasts.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes (DPSCs-Exos) on the biological behaviour of fibroblasts, particularly on keloid fibroblasts (KFs) and normal skin fibroblasts (NFs), with a view to providing new insights into cellular regenerative medicine. We obtained DPSCs-Exos by ultracentrifugation and co-cultured it with KFs and NFs. We detected its effect on cell proliferation using the CCK-8 assay; cell migration ability by cell scratch and Transwell assays; extracellular matrix synthesis using the hydroxyproline content assay; the expression levels of genes associated with fibrosis by PCR assay; and the expression levels of proteins related to fibrosis in the cells using the Western Blot method.

Targeting ClpP: Unlocking a novel therapeutic approach of isochlorogenic acid A for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected osteomyelitis.

A medical predicament has led to extensive drug resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and the complexity of treatment has increased exponentially with the induction of osteomyelitis. In view of the severe situation and the potential of bacterial antivirulence strategies, this study focused on the key virulence factor caseinolytic protease (ClpP) of S. aureus to identify new strategies against MRSA-induced osteomyelitis.

Quantitative analysis of choroidal vascular structures and anatomical changes in pachychoroid spectrum diseases using ultra-widefield SS-OCTA.

This study used ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF SS-OCTA) to analyze and compare choroidal blood flow and anatomical changes in eyes affected by central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV), and uncomplicated pachychoroid (UCP). The findings revealed distribution patterns of vortex veins across the three patient groups and provided initial findings insights into the origin of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in PNV. A total of 44 patients with CSC, 38 with PNV, and 46 with UCP were included in the analysis.

A corpus of Chinese word segmentation agreement.

The absence of explicit word boundaries is a distinctive characteristic of Chinese script, setting it apart from most alphabetic scripts, leading to word boundary disagreement among readers. Previous studies have examined how this feature may influence reading performance. However, further investigations are required to generate more ecologically valid and generalizable findings.

Probing the eukaryotic microbes of ruminants with a deep-learning classifier and comprehensive protein databases.

Metagenomics, particularly genome-resolved metagenomics, have significantly deepened our understanding of microbes, illuminating their taxonomic and functional diversity and roles in ecology, physiology, and evolution. However, eukaryotic populations within various microbiomes, including those in the mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract, remain relatively underexplored in metagenomic studies owing to the lack of comprehensive reference genome databases and robust bioinformatic tools. The GI tract of ruminants, particularly the rumen, contains a high eukaryotic biomass but a relatively low diversity of ciliates and fungi, which significantly impacts feed digestion, methane emissions, and rumen microbial ecology.

The Discovery of a Novel AXL/Triple Angiokinase Inhibitor Based on 6-Chloro-Substituted Indolinone and Side Chain Methyl Substitution Inhibiting Pancreatic Cancer Growth and Metastasis.

In this study, we discovered and identified a novel AXL/triple angiokinase inhibitor by rational structural modification based on the structure of triple angiokinase inhibitor Nintedanib. We found that potently inhibited AXL expression with the IC value of 3.75 nM and possessed similar inhibitory activity on KDR as Nintedanib.

3D culture inhibits replicative senescence of SCAPs via UQCRC2-mediated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

Stem cells derived from the apical papilla (SCAPs) play a crucial role in tooth root development and dental pulp regeneration. They are important seed cells for bone/tooth tissue engineering. However, replicative senescence remains an unavoidable issue as in vitro amplification increases.

Triptolide Attenuates Renal Slit Diagram to Tight Junction Transition in Diabetic Kidney Disease by Regulating Nrf2-Ferroptosis Pathway.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prominent etiological factor underlying the onset of end-stage kidney disease, which is characterized by the presence of microalbuminuria. Recent studies have found that high glucose can induce mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis in podocytes, leading to renal impairment and proteinuria. Triptolide was extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Hook F.