N-glycan as new potential biomarker for predicting treatment response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: To investigate the N-glycans related to the metformin efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 141 healthy controls and 195 newly diagnosed T2DM patients treated with metformin for 3 months. Serum N-glycan profile was determined by DNA sequencer - assisted fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (DSA-FACE).

Neck circumference and waist circumference associated with cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes (Beijing Community Diabetes Study 23).

Obesity increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and other metabolic diseases. We intended to compare three different anthropometric indicators of obesity, in predicting the incidence of cardiovascular events in Chinese type 2 diabetes. Beijing Community Diabetes Study was a prospective multi-center study conducted in Beijing community health centers.

The effects of acarbose therapy on reductions of myocardial infarction and all-cause death in T2DM during 10-year multifactorial interventions (The Beijing Community Diabetes Study 24).

To investigate the potential benefits of acarbose therapy on cardiovascular events (CVD) in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in an urban community over 10-year follow-up. The study population of Beijing Community Diabetes Study (BCDS) were type 2 diabetes (T2DM) living in 21 communities in Beijing. All patients received comprehensive intervention in accordance with the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

The dual role of RFX6 in directing β cell development and insulin production.

RFX6 transcription factor is believed to play a central role in directing cell development of insulin-producing pancreatic islet. RFX6 homozygous mutations cause syndromic neonatal diabetes with hypoplastic pancreas. However, RFX6 heterozygous mutations cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) with normal pancreas development.

Effect of KCNH6 on Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Glucose Metabolism.

Adult patients with a dysfunctional ether-a-go-go 2 (hERG2) protein, which is encoded by the gene present with hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. However, the mechanism of in glucose metabolism disorders has not been clearly defined. It has been proposed that sustained endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely concerned with hepatic insulin resistance and inflammation.

Improved Framingham Risk Scores of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Beijing Community: A 10-Year Prospective Study of the Effects of Multifactorial Interventions on Cardiovascular Risk Factors (The Beijing Communities Diabetes Study 22).

Introduction: To date, research is lacking on the development of a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment tool for people with diabetes mellitus, in general, and for Chinese patients with diabetes in particular. We have explored CVD risk assessment tools for Chinese patients with diabetes. Here, we report our investigation of cardiovascular risk assessment using the improved Framingham Risk Score (I-FRS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Beijing communities.

Microvascular retinal changes in pre-clinical diabetic retinopathy as detected by optical coherence tomographic angiography.

Purpose: To investigate microvascular abnormalities in diabetic patients without conventional clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational cohort study, the study group included randomly chosen participants of a community-based cohort with diabetes type 2 without DR, and the control group consisted of non-diabetic individuals from a population-based study. All participants underwent optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA).

The Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Morbid Events in Type 2 Diabetes after a 7-Year Community Management: Beijing Community Diabetes Study 17.

Background: To examine the association between morbid events and metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study was conducted at 13 community health centers associated with Beijing Tongren Hospital. From 2008 to 2015, there have been 3,525 T2DM patients being managed based on the Chinese guideline for T2DM.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated pathway to preserve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Previous works indicated that the stress on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) affected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, there is no clear evident on the effect of the regulation of ER stress by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the prevention of NAFLD.

Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with thapsigargin (Tg) or palmitic acid (PA).

The effects of cardiovascular risk factor combined anti-platelet therapy and the risk of cerebrovascular events in patients with T2DM in an urban community over 96-months follow-up: The Beijing communities diabetes study 19.

Objective: We investigated the prognostic significance of metabolic risk scores and aspirin with respect to cerebrovascular events.

Methods: A total of 25 communities of diabetic patients were enrolled in Beijing Community Diabetes Study (BCDS) from 2008. 3413 patients with T2DM in BCDS have complete screening data, including blood glucose, blood pressure, lipid profiles and anti-platelet therapy, which were assigned metabolic score (MS) and add up to the total metabolic score (TMS).

The effects of AER and eGFR on outcomes of CVD in patients with T2DM in an urban community over 8 years of multifactorial treatment: the Beijing Communities Diabetes Study 18.

Objective: It is well known that diabetic kidney disease is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, the effects of urine albumin excretion rate (AER) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on CVD outcomes were analyzed in a population of T2DM.

Methods: The study was carried out using recorded information of a cohort study.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 regulates mitochondrial function in pancreatic β-cells.

Mitochondrial metabolism plays an essential role in the regulation of insulin release and glucose homeostasis. Evidence demonstrated that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) participates in the regulation of glucose metabolism, however, its role in mitochondrial metabolism remains unclear. The purpose of our study was to determine if ACE2 can regulate mitochondrial function in pancreatic β-cells.

Prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy in Beijing, China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the exact risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Chinese population using a cohort of 17  985 individuals from Beijing, China.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: A hospital.

A three-step programmed method for the identification of causative gene mutations of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY).

To establish a three-step programmed method to find gene mutations related to maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Target region capture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed using customized oligonucleotide probes designed to capture suspected genes for MODY in 11 probands with clinically diagnosed MODY. The suspected associations of certain genes with MODY were then confirmed by Sanger sequencing in the probands and their family members.

High Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients Concomitant with Metabolic Syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Research Design And Methods: We conducted a case-controlled study, with data obtained from 2,551 Chinese participants between 18-79 years of age (representing a population of 1,660,500 in a district of Beijing). 74 cases of DR were found following data assessment by two 45° digital retinal images.

Influence of educational attainments on long term glucose control and morbid events in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving integrated care from 15 China urban communities: The Beijing Community Diabetes Study 11.

Aim: To investigate the effects of educational attainment on glucose control and morbid events in patients with type 2 diabetes in Beijing communities.

Methods: In this prospective multi-center study, 2866 type 2 diabetes patients receiving integrated care from 15 Beijing urban communities were investigated. Educational attainment was categorized into three levels: low, medium, and high.

High prevalence of lower extremity peripheral artery disease in type 2 diabetes patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Little is known about the relationship between lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we explored the relationship between sight-threatening PDR and PAD. We screened for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and PAD in hospitalized patients with T2D.

Evaluation for fasting and 2-hour glucose and HbA1c for diagnosing diabetes based on prevalence of retinopathy in a Chinese population.

Background: The glycemic thresholds for diabetes diagnosis have long been at the forefront of discussion. However, no information about glycemic cutoff points has been made available for the Chinese population. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose (2-h PG) and HbA(1)c levels with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and determine the associated cutoff levels in a Chinese population.

Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy: the Beijing Communities Diabetes Study 6.

Background: To examine prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in urban communities of Beijing.

Methods: The community health care center-based study included subjects with diabetes mellitus and an age of 20 years to 80 years, who were recruited from 15 community health centers in urban Beijing. Diabetes mellitus was defined using the World Health Organization criteria.