Thrombocytopenia and venous thromboembolic events after BNT162b2, CoronaVac, ChAdOx1 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection: a self-controlled case series study.

This study assessed the association between COVID-19 vaccines, SARS-CoV-2 infection and the risk of thrombocytopenia and venous thromboembolism (VTE). This self-controlled case series study used hospital records between 1st February 2021 and 28th February 2022 linked to the national immunisation registry and COVID-19 surveillance data in Malaysia. Conditional Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) of events in the risk period (day 1-21 post-exposure) relative to control period with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusted for calendar period.

Myocarditis/pericarditis following vaccination with BNT162b2, CoronaVac, and ChAdOx1 among adolescent and adult in Malaysia.

This study evaluates 21-day risk of myocarditis/pericarditis following COVID-19 vaccination among those aged 12 years and older in Malaysia. We used data from nationwide COVID-19 vaccine registry linked to hospital episode database to identify individuals vaccinated with BNT162b2, CoronaVac, or ChAdOx1 and hospitalised for myocarditis/pericarditis between 1 February 2021 and 28 February 2022. There were 87 myocarditis/pericarditis cases identified within 1-21 days after vaccination.

The Effectiveness of Enhanced Primary Healthcare (EnPHC) interventions on Type 2 diabetes management in Malaysia: Difference-in-differences (DID) analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Enhanced Primary Healthcare (EnPHC) interventions on process of care and intermediate clinical outcomes among type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental controlled study conducted in 20 intervention and 20 control public primary care clinics in Malaysia from November 2016 to June 2019. Type 2 diabetes patients aged 30 years and above were selected via systematic random sampling.

Comparative performance of public and private primary care service delivery in Malaysia: An analysis of findings from QUALICOPC.

Introduction: Primary care services are essential in achieving universal health coverage and Malaysia is looking into public-private partnership to overcome resource constraints. The study aims to compare the performance of primary care service delivery dimensions between public and private sector.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used the data from the Malaysian International Quality and Costs of Primary Care (QUALICOPC) study conducted in 2015-2016.

A Case-Based Monitoring Approach to Evaluate Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in a Partially Integrated Health Information System: A Study Protocol.

In response to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic, various COVID-19 vaccines were rapidly administered under emergency use authorization. Rare outcomes associated with COVID-19 vaccines might be less likely to be captured in clinical trials, leading to a knowledge gap in real-world vaccine safety. In contrast with high-income countries, many low-to-middle income countries have limited capacity to conduct active surveillance, owing to the absence of large and fully-integrated health information databases.

Risk of serious adverse events after the BNT162b2, CoronaVac, and ChAdOx1 vaccines in Malaysia: A self-controlled case series study.

Background: Rapid deployment of COVID-19 vaccines is challenging for safety surveillance, especially on adverse events of special interest (AESIs) that were not identified during the pre-licensure studies. This study evaluated the risk of hospitalisations for predefined diagnoses among the vaccinated population in Malaysia.

Methods: Hospital admissions for selected diagnoses between 1 February 2021 and 30 September 2021 were linked to the national COVID-19 immunisation register.

Medication Regimen Complexity and Medication Burden Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Analysis.

Most type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with chronic conditions require multiple medications to achieve and maintain good glycemic control. This study assessed medication burden, regimen complexity, and adherence among T2DM patients and evaluate its association with glycemic control. We analyzed data of 2,696 T2DM patients at public health clinics in Malaysia from January 2018 until May 2019.

Comparison between primary care service delivery in Malaysia and other participating countries of the QUALICOPC project: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Most countries including Malaysia have set goals to incorporate a strong primary care into the healthcare system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the strength of service delivery process dimensions in Malaysia and compare it with England, the Netherlands, Spain, North Macedonia, Romania and Turkey which participated in the Quality and Costs of Primary Care (QUALICOPC) study.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilised the QUALICOPC study data on primary care performance, which was conducted in 2011-2013 (QUALICOPC in Europe Australia, New Zealand and Canada) and 2015-2016 (Malaysia).

Optimal cut-off points for adherence measure among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care clinics: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Medication adherence measures are often dichotomized to classify patients into those with good or poor adherence using a cut-off value ⩾80%, but this cut-off may not be universal across diseases or medication classes. This study aimed to examine the cut-off value that optimally distinguish good and poor adherence by using the medication possession ratio (MPR) and proportion of days covered (PDC) as adherence measures and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as outcome measure among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Method: We used pharmacy dispensing data of 1461 eligible T2DM patients from public primary care clinics in Malaysia treated with oral antidiabetic drugs between January 2018 and May 2019.

Quality of hypertension management in public primary care clinics in Malaysia: An update.

Introduction: Adequate control of hypertension is a global challenge and is the key to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. This study evaluates management of hypertensive patients in primary care clinics in Malaysia.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 13 784 medical records from 20 selected public primary care clinics in Malaysia was performed for patients aged ≥30 years old who were diagnosed with hypertension and had at least one visit between 1st November 2016 and 30th June 2019.

Age, sex and primary care setting differences in patients' perception of community healthcare seeking behaviour towards health services.

Introduction: Understanding the potential determinants of community healthcare seeking behaviour helps in improving healthcare utilisation and health outcomes within different populations. This in turn will aid the development of healthcare policies and planning for prevention, early diagnosis and management of health conditions.

Objective: To evaluate patients' perception of community healthcare seeking behaviour towards both acute and preventive physical and psychosocial health concerns by sex, age and type of primary care setting (as a proxy for affordability of healthcare).

Patient experience on self-management support among primary care patients with diabetes and hypertension.

Objective: To determine the extent of self-management support (SMS) provided to primary care patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension and its associated factors.

Design: Cross-sectional survey conducted between April and May 2017.

Setting: Forty public clinics in Malaysia.

Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of duloxetine following oral administration to healthy Chinese subjects.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to characterise the pharmacokinetics and assess the tolerability of duloxetine in healthy Chinese subjects after single and multiple oral 60 mg dosing.

Methods: This was a single-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, single-period study in healthy native Chinese subjects. A total of 32 subjects, 19 men (14 on duloxetine, 5 on placebo) and 13 women (10 on duloxetine, 3 on placebo) between the ages of 20 and 39 years, participated in the study.

Pharmacokinetics of ruboxistaurin are significantly altered by rifampicin-mediated CYP3A4 induction.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rifampicin co-administration on the pharmacokinetics of ruboxistaurin and its active metabolite, N-desmethyl ruboxistaurin and, in addition, to compare the changes in pharmacokinetics of ruboxistaurin and N-desmethyl ruboxistaurin with the urinary 6beta-hydroxycortisol : cortisol ratio. Ruboxistaurin is a specific protein-kinase-C beta inhibitor in clinical development for the treatment of diabetic microvascular complications.

Methods: This was a two-period, one-sequence study.