transmission electron microscopy insights into nanoscale deformation mechanisms of body-centered cubic metals.

Nanostructured body-centered cubic (BCC) metals exhibit remarkable mechanical properties under various stress fields, making them promising candidates for novel micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS). A deep understanding of their mechanical behaviors, particularly at the atomic scale, is essential for optimizing their properties and expanding their applications at the nanoscale. Newly developed nanomechanical testing techniques within transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provide powerful tools for uncovering the atomic-scale microstructural evolution of nanostructured BCC materials under external forces.

Computational applications for the discovery of novel antiperovskites and chalcogenide perovskites: a review.

Novel perovskites pertain to newly discovered or less studied variants of the conventional perovskite structure, characterized by distinctive properties and potential for diverse applications such as ferroelectric, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric uses. In recent years, advancements in computational methods have markedly expedited the discovery and design of innovative perovskite materials, leading to numerous pertinent reports. However, there are few reviews that thoroughly elaborate the role of computational methods in studying novel perovskites, particularly for state-of-the-art perovskite categories.

Accelerated Discovery of Halide Perovskite Materials via Computational Methods: A Review.

Halide perovskites have gained considerable attention in materials science due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties, including high absorption coefficients, excellent charge-carrier mobilities, and tunable band gaps, which make them highly promising for applications in photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, synapses, and other optoelectronic devices. However, challenges such as long-term stability and lead toxicity hinder large-scale commercialization. Computational methods have become essential in this field, providing insights into material properties, enabling the efficient screening of large chemical spaces, and accelerating discovery processes through high-throughput screening and machine learning techniques.

A multi-source heterogeneous medical data enhancement framework based on lakehouse.

Obtaining high-quality data sets from raw data is a key step before data exploration and analysis. Nowadays, in the medical domain, a large amount of data is in need of quality improvement before being used to analyze the health condition of patients. There have been many researches in data extraction, data cleaning and data imputation, respectively.

Identification and validation of sepsis subphenotypes using time-series data.

Purpose: The recognition of sepsis as a heterogeneous syndrome necessitates identifying distinct subphenotypes to select targeted treatment.

Methods: Patients with sepsis from the MIMIC-IV database (2008-2019) were randomly divided into a development cohort (80%) and an internal validation cohort (20%). Patients with sepsis from the ICU database of Peking University People's Hospital (2008-2022) were included in the external validation cohort.

PKR inhibitor protects spinal cord injury through mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress and pyroptosis.

Objectives: The goal of the study was to reveal the regulatory role of protein kinase R (PKR) in spinal cord injury (SCI), a devasting disorder of the neurological system, and to elucidate its potential mechanism.

Methods: The established animal and cellular models of SCI were treated by the PKR inhibitor C12. Histological injury and tissue apoptosis were assessed via H&E staining and TUNEL assays, respectively.

Research trends in cardiovascular tissue engineering from 1992 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular tissue engineering (CTE) is a promising technique to treat incurable cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Plenty of studies related to CTE have been published in the last 30 years. However, an analysis of the research status, trends, and potential directions in this field is still lacking.

Spatial and molecular variations in forest topsoil dissolved organic matter as revealed by FT-ICR mass spectrometry.

Forest soils cover about 30 % of the Earth's land surface and play a fundamental role in the global cycle of organic matter. Dissolved organic matter (DOM), the largest active pool of terrestrial carbon, is essential for soil development, microbial metabolism and nutrient cycling. However, forest soil DOM is a highly complex mixture of tens of thousands of individual compounds, which is largely composed of organic matter from primary producers, residues from microbial process and the corresponding chemical reactions.

Hydroxyethyl Starch-Bovine Hemoglobin Conjugate as an Effective Oxygen Carrier with the Ability to Expand Plasma.

Hemorrhagic shock leads to intravasal volume deficiency, tissue hypoxia, and cellular anaerobic metabolism. Hemoglobin (Hb) could deliver oxygen for hypoxic tissues but is unable to expand plasma. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) could compensate for the intravasal volume deficiency but cannot deliver oxygen.

Molecular transformation of organic nitrogen in Antarctic penguin guano-affected soil.

Organic nitrogen (ON) is an important participant in the Earth's N cycle. Previous studies have shown that penguin feces add an abundance of nutrients including N to the soil, significantly changing the eco-environment in ice-free areas in Antarctica. To explore the molecular transformation of ON in penguin guano-affected soil, we collected guano-free weathered soil, modern guano-affected soil from penguin colonies, ancient guano-affected soil from abandoned penguin colonies, and penguin feces from the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was used to investigate the chemical composition of water-extractable ON.

A bibliometric analysis of studies on the gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease from 2004 to 2022.

Background: Increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota (GM) is linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Many studies on the GM in CVD have been published in the last decade. However, bibliometric analysis in this field is still lacking.

A novel pyrene-based fluorescent probe for Al detection.

Based on the classical Schiff base reaction, fluorescent probe dimethyl 5-((pyren-1-ylmethylene)amino)isophthalate (PAI) is designed and synthesized through introducing Schiff base structure to pyrene unit for structural modification. The structure of the synthesized probe PAI is determined and characterized by FT-IR, H NMR, C NMR and HRMS. PAI is a type of "turn-on" probe which can specifically recognize Al ion with high selectivity.

A heterogeneous multi-modal medical data fusion framework supporting hybrid data exploration.

Industry 4.0 era has witnessed that more and more high-tech and precise devices are applied into medical field to provide better services. Besides EMRs, medical data include a large amount of unstructured data such as X-rays, MRI scans, CT scans and PET scans, which is still continually increasing.

Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of childhood Prader-Willi syndrome in China.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex and multisystem neurobehavioral disease, which is caused by the lack of expression of paternally inherited imprinted genes on chromosome15q11.2-q13.1.

SU(2)-in-SU(1,1) Nested Interferometer for High Sensitivity, Loss-Tolerant Quantum Metrology.

We present experimental and theoretical results on a new interferometer topology that nests a SU(2) interferometer, e.g., a Mach-Zehnder or Michelson interferometer, inside a SU(1,1) interferometer, i.

Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and CEA as the Potential Prognostic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: This study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to identify the potential and easily accessible prognostic biomarkers for CRC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed altogether the records of 330 CRC patients according to inclusion criteria. The clinical characteristics include age at diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), preoperative CEA level, neutrophil , lymphocyte, and platelet count, tumor primary site and size, clinical pathological TNM stage, and survival status were recorded through the review of medical records.

[Bioinformatics-based identification of the key genes associated with prostate cancer].

Objective: To identify the key genes associated with the pathogenesis of PCa using the bioinformatics approach for a deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of PCa.

Methods: The microarray datasets GSE70770, GSE32571 and GSE46602 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the normal prostate tissue and PCa were identified with the GEO2R tool, followed by functional enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed by STRING and visualized with the Cytoscape software.

Symmetry in Paraspinal Muscles as a Predictor of the Development of Pregnancy-Related Low Back and Pelvic Pain: A Prospective Study.

Objective: To determine the asymmetry in the paraspinal muscle before pregnancy and evaluate its association with pregnancy-associated lumbopelvic pain (LPP).

Methods: This was a prospective case-control study conducted from January 2017 and December 2018. A total of 171 subjects (mean age ± SD, 27.

Acidification impacts on the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter revealed by FT-ICR MS.

Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is a traditional pretreatment procedure widely used for dissolved organic matter (DOM) desalination and enrichment prior to the Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) analysis, and the extracts are usually acidified to pH = 2 with hydrochloric acid (HCl) before passing through the cartridge. However, little is known about the effects of acidification on the integrity and molecular composition of DOM. Here, the differences in the molecular compositions in acidified and nonacidified DOM samples of soil, seawater and atmospheric aerosol were performed by FT-ICR MS.

Super-sensitive rotation measurement with an orbital angular momentum atom-light hybrid interferometer.

Lights carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have potential applications in precise rotation measurement, especially in remote sensing. Interferometers, especially nonlinear quantum interferometers, have also been proven to greatly improve the measurement accuracy in quantum metrology. By combining these two techniques, we theoretically propose a new atom-light hybrid Sagnac interferometer with OAM lights to advance the precision of the rotation measurement.

Tyramine Acts Downstream of Neuronal XBP-1s to Coordinate Inter-tissue UPR Activation and Behavior in C. elegans.

In C. elegans, expression of the UPR transcription factor xbp-1s in neurons cell non-autonomously activates the UPR in the intestine, leading to enhanced proteostasis and lifespan. To better understand this signaling pathway, we isolated neurons from animals expressing neuronal xbp-1s for transcriptomic analysis, revealing a striking remodeling of transcripts involved in neuronal signaling.

Optimising Non-Patterned MoO/Ag/MoO Anode for High-Performance Semi-Transparent Organic Solar Cells towards Window Applications.

Semi-transparent organic solar cells (ST-OSCs) have attracted significant research attention, as they have strong potential to be applied in automobiles and buildings. For ST-OSCs, the transparent top electrode is an indispensable component, where the dielectric/metal/dielectric (D/M/D) structured electrode displayed a promising future due to its simplicity in the fabrication. In this work, by using the MoO-/Ag-/MoO-based D/M/D transparent electrode, we fabricated ST-OSCs based on the PM6:N3 active layer for the first time.

Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with a Novel Vacuum-assisted Access Sheath for obstructive calculous pyonephrosis ：A Randomized Study.

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) combined with Vacuum-assisted Access Sheath in the treatment of obstructive calculous pyonephrosis.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-six patients with obstructive calculous pyonephrosis, who were planned to receive MPCNL, were randomly divided into two groups. Group A was treated with Amplatz sheath combined with Cyberwand double probe ultrasound lithotripsy, and group B was treated with Vacuum-assisted Access Sheath (VAAS, ClearPetra, Well lead Medical) combined with holmium laser lithotripsy.

RSMOTE: improving classification performance over imbalanced medical datasets.

Introduction: Medical diagnosis is a crucial step for patient treatment. However, diagnosis is prone to bias due to imbalanced datasets. To overcome the imbalanced dataset problem, simple minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) was proposed that can generate new synthetic samples at data level to create the balance between minority and majority classes.