Clinical Characteristics and a Novel Prediction Nomogram (EASTAR) for Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: The fatality rate of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), due to hantavirus transmitted by rodents, ranges from 1% to 12%. This study aims to delineate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of HFRS, identify factors associated with disease severity, and construct and validate a nomogram for prognosis prediction of HFRS in the central part of China.

Methods: Out of 598 HFRS patients diagnosed via serology tests from four hospitals in Hubei Province, 551 were included.

Development and validation of a novel mortality risk stratification simplified scoring scale for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome.

Objectives: The global incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) has markedly increased over the past decade. There is an urgent need to establish a reliable scoring system for predicting the mortality of patients with SFTS.

Methods: In this ambispective study, 714 patients with SFTS were recruited from 11 sites in China.

LPA released from dying cancer cells after chemotherapy inactivates Hippo signaling and promotes pancreatic cancer cell repopulation.

Purpose: The Hippo pathway in the tumorigenesis and progression of PDAC, with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) regulating the Hippo pathway to facilitate cancer progression. However, the impact of the Hippo signaling pathway on tumor repopulation in PDAC remains unreported.

Methods: Direct and indirect co-culture models to investigate gemcitabine-induced apoptotic cells can facilitate the repopulation of residual tumor cells.

An emerging aspect of cancer neuroscience: A literature review on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

The nervous system governs both ontogeny and oncology. Foundational discoveries have clarified the direct communication of neurotransmitters with tumors and indirect interactions through neural effects on the immune system and the tumor microenvironment. Meantime, the nervous system is susceptible to cancer and its treatment.

Influence of cachexia on immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis for malignant tumors of the digestive system.

Background: The presence of cancer cachexia is a significant adverse prognostic indicator in patients with malignant tumors. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a constant loss of skeletal muscles with or without a loss of weight, leading to immune dysfunction. We performed a retrospective study to investigate the influence of cachexia on the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis for malignant tumors of the digestive system.

The effect of oropharyngeal colostrum administration on the clinical outcomes of premature infants: A meta-analysis.

Background: Preterm complications are now the second leading cause of death in children under five years of age. Colostrum is essential to prevent infection and promote maturation in preterm infants. Guidelines recommend that preterm infants be fed colostrum by the oral and pharyngeal routes as early as possible after birth to provide immune protection; however, due to disease and an uncoordinated sucking and swallowing function, it is challenging to provide colostrum through the oropharyngeal route, which limits the immune protection it provides.

China special issue on gastrointestinal tumors-Cetuximab retreatment plus camrelizumab and liposomal irinotecan in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: Cohort B of the phase II CRACK study.

Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have poor long-term survival. Rechallenge with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) based therapy has shown certain activity as late-line therapy. To further improve clinical outcomes, we evaluated the antitumor efficacy and safety of cetuximab in combination with camrelizumab and liposomal irinotecan in patients with RASwt mCRC pretreated with anti-EGFR-based therapy.

Chemotherapeutic drugs-induced pyroptosis mediated by gasdermin E promotes the progression and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer.

Pyroptosis is closely associated with cancer development; however, the role of pyroptosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a fatal malignant tumour with a poor overall survival rate, remains elusive. Here, we explored the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced pyroptosis and elucidated the role of pyroptosis in mediating PDAC progression and chemoresistance. The results demonstrated first- and second-line chemotherapeutic drugs against PDAC, including gemcitabine, irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, and cisplatin, induced concurrent pyroptosis and apoptosis.

Novel KDM2B/SAV1 Signaling Pathway Promotes the Progression of Gastric Cancer.

Salvador homologue 1 (SAV1), which is reported to act as a tumor suppressor in different types of cancer, is one of the key components of the Hippo pathway. However, the expression and mechanisms of SAV1 in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC) remain to be elucidated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in the present study to assess the expression levels of SAV1 and lysine-specific demethylase 2B (KDM2B) in GC tissues.

Detection of gene fusions using next-generation sequencing for patients with malignancy in China.

This study aimed to identify fusion partners in Chinese patients with solid tumors. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis was used to detect rearrangement in 45,438 Chinese patients with solid tumors between 2015 and 2020, and the clinical characteristics and genetic features of gene fusion were evaluated. H&E staining of the excised tumor tissues was conducted.

Preliminary experience of oral fruquintinib-capecitabine as a new maintenance treatment strategy for advanced colorectal cancer in the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): case report and literature review.

Background: Bevacizumab combined with fluorouracil is the currently recommended maintenance treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer, but the use of bevacizumab needs to be carried out in hospitals, which invisibly increases the risk of patients' exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the COVID-19 epidemic. Therefore, except of the advantage of convenience, all oral drugs as the maintenance treatment can reduce hospitalization and potential exposure risk during the COVID-19 epidemic, which is worth further exploration.

Case Description: First case was a 49-year-old male with stage IV colon adenocarcinoma and abnormal liver function who was given bevacizumab with FOLFOXIRI (8-cycles), following which his liver function recovered.

miR-15a and miR-20b sensitize hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib through repressing CDC37L1 and consequent PPIA downregulation.

Sorafenib is a classical targeted drug for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but intrinsic resistance severely limited its therapeutic effects. In the present study, we aimed to identify crucial genes in HCC cells that affect sorafenib resistance by a CRISPR/Cas9 genome-scale screening. The results indicated that the deficiency of miR-15a and miR-20b contributed to sorafenib resistance, whereas exogenous expression of miR-15a and miR-20b enhanced sorafenib sensitivity of HCC cells by cell viability, colony formation, and flow cytometry analyses.

PIK3CA mutations-mediated downregulation of circLHFPL2 inhibits colorectal cancer progression via upregulating PTEN.

Background: PIK3CA mutation and PTEN suppression lead to tumorigenesis and drug resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). There is no research on the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in regulating PIK3CA mutation and MEK inhibitor resistance in CRC.

Methods: The expression of circLHFPL2 in PIK3CA-mutant and wild-type cells and tissues was quantified by RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR.

Screening and discrimination of optimal prognostic genes for pancreatic cancer based on a prognostic prediction model.

The prognosis of pancreatic cancer is poor because patients are usually asymptomatic in the early stage and the early diagnostic rate is low. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify potential prognosis-related genes in pancreatic cancer to improve diagnosis and the outcome of patients. The mRNA expression profile data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and GSE79668, GSE62452, and GSE28735 datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus were downloaded.

Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and computed tomography score in patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Background: This study aimed to explore the significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, and CT score in evaluating the severity and prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were retrospectively enrolled. The baseline data, laboratory findings, chest computed tomography (CT) results evaluated by CT score on admission, and clinical outcomes were collected and compared.

Heterogeneous clinical and pathological landscapes of HER2 positive colorectal cancer.

: Metastatic (m) colorectal cancer (CRC) can be divided into specific subgroups under the 'one gene, one drug' paradigm of precision medicine. Progress of targeted therapy in mCRC patients significantly improved the overall survival rate, notably by therapy targeting of EGFR signaling in RAS wild-type mCRC patients. Activation of the HER2 pathway is an important mechanism of resistance for anti-EGFR therapy.

Risk factors for mortality of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients in two centers of Hubei province, China: A retrospective analysis.

Purpose: Since the outbreak in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. We analyzed and compared the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics between survivors and non-survivors and identify risk factors for mortality.

Methods: Clinical and laboratory variables, radiological features, treatment approach, and complications were retrospectively collected in two centers of Hubei province, China.

CD63 negatively regulates hepatocellular carcinoma development through suppression of inflammatory cytokine-induced STAT3 activation.

Tetraspanin CD63 has been widely implicated in tumour progression of human malignancies. However, its role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear yet. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the specific function and underlying mechanisms of CD63 in HCC progression.

The FOXM1/ATX signaling contributes to pancreatic cancer development.

Both autotaxin (ATX) and Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) have been commonly recognized as oncogenes in multiple types of human malignancies. However, the expression and biological functions of ATX in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and its correlation with FOXM1 are poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate their correlation and biological consequences in PDAC development.

RNA-binding protein Musashi2 regulates Hippo signaling via SAV1 and MOB1 in pancreatic cancer.

Musashi 2 (MSI2), a member of the Musashi RNA-binding family, is reported to be an oncoprotein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the mechanisms of MSI2 in the development and progression of PDAC have not been fully demonstrated. In this research, we studied the clinical significance, biologic effects and the underlying mechanism of MSI2 in the progression of PDAC. The expression of MSI2, Mps-binding protein 1 (MOB1) and Salvador family WW domain-containing protein 1 (SAV1) in PDAC tissues were analyzed immunohistochemically.

Camrelizumab in advanced or metastatic solid tumour patients with DNA mismatch repair deficient or microsatellite instability high: an open-label prospective pivotal trial.

Purpose: Patients with DNA mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancers are prone to response to programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, we explored the efficacy and safety of a PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor camrelizumab in advanced or metastatic solid tumour with dMMR/MSI-H.

Methods: Patients with dMMR/MSI-H advanced or metastatic solid tumours who had received at least one line of prior systemic chemotherapy were recruited.

KLF4-mediated upregulation of CD9 and CD81 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma development via JNK signaling.

Tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 frequently serve as the surface markers of exosomes, which are involved in intercellular communication during tumor progression. KLF4 is a well-known tumor suppressor in various cancers. This study aims to investigate the relationship between KLF4 and CD9/CD81 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).