Using MRI to Determine Drug Concentration in Convection-Enhanced Delivery: A Proof-of-Concept study.

Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) bypasses the blood-brain barrier and avoids systemic exposure to the drug. However, systemic pharmacokinetic characteristics of a drug cannot be applied when delivered via CED. This study aims to provide a first proof-of-concept framework for noninvasively evaluating pharmacokinetics in CED.

Abnormal adipose tissue-derived microbes drive metabolic disorder and exacerbate postnatal growth retardation in piglet.

Postnatal growth retardation (PGR) frequently occurs during early postnatal development of piglets and induces high mortality. To date, the mechanism of PGR remains poorly understood. Adipose tissue-derived microbes have been documented to be associated with several disorders of metabolism and body growth.

Gut protects against fat deposition by enhancing secondary bile acid biosynthesis.

Gut microbiome is crucial for lipid metabolism in humans and animals. However, how specific gut microbiota and their associated metabolites impact fat deposition remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that the colonic microbiome of lean and obese pigs differentially contributes to fat deposition, as evidenced by colonic microbiota transplantation experiments.

Pioglitazone Modulates Microglia M1/M2 Polarization Through PPAR-γ Pathway and Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a subtype of hemorrhagic stroke primarily resulting from the rupture of intracranial aneurysms, remains a significant contributor to disability and mortality, notwithstanding advancements in treatment. This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of pioglitazone in SAH, focusing on the PPAR-γ pathway and its potential role in mitigating early brain injury (EBI) following SAH. Neuroprotective efficacy was assessed through neurobehavioral assessment, brain water content analysis, TUNEL, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and inflammatory factor assay.

Human blood metabolites and risk of post-traumatic stress disorder: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating chronic mental disorder that leads to reduced quality of life and increased economic burden. Observational studies have found an association between human blood metabolites and PTSD. Nonetheless, these studies have limitations and are subject to confounding factors as well as reverse causation.

Dynamic Changes in Microbiome and Metabolome during Sun-Drying of Oysters (), a Traditional Procedure in South China.

Sun-drying constitutes a traditional method employed in the preparation of dried oysters within the coastal regions of South China. However, its ramifications on nutritional attributes and the genesis of flavor-contributory compounds in the resultant dried oysters remain significantly unexplored. This research endeavors to scrutinize the repercussions of the production process on the microbiota and metabolites within dried oysters.

The dichotomous roles of microbial-modified bile acids 7-oxo-DCA and isoDCA in intestinal tumorigenesis.

The gut microbiota has a significant impact on the development and function of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) by modifying bile acid (BA) metabolites. Recently, specific gut microbiome-derived BAs, such as 7-oxo-deoxycholic acid (7-oxo-DCA) and isodeoxycholic acid (isoDCA), have been identified to be shifted inversely in colitis and hepatic liver diseases. Although the responsible gut microbes have been identified, metabolites' effects on IECs remain largely unclear.

Exosomal circPTPRK promotes angiogenesis after radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the recurrence rate remains high due to angiogenesis in residual cancer cells. We used thermal stimulation to simulate the post-RFA microenvironment. The expression profile of circRNAs between normal control HCC cell-derived exosomes and exosomes after heat stimulation were analyzed by RNA sequencing.

Prevalence and associated factors of school bullying among adolescents in Inner Mongolia, China.

Background: Although studies in China have found that school bullying is prevalent among adolescents, most relevant research has focused on southern China, while research in northern China is limited. This study aimed to explore ethnic disparities in the socio-demographic determinants of school bullying in Inner Mongolia, a northern region of China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2891 adolescents in Inner Mongolia, China, from September to December 2022.

A Comparative Study on the Muscle and Gut Microbiota of from Rice Field and Pond Culture Breeding Modes.

To investigate difference in the quality of the different parts (back, tail muscles, and fish skin) of from pond and rice field cultures, a comparative study was conducted in terms of nutritional composition, volatile flavor profiles and gut microbiota. In detail, the texture, free amino acids, fatty acids were further assessed. The results suggested that the moisture content, crude protein and crude fat content in the skin of are higher than those in the back and tail muscles, regardless of breeding modes.

The Gut Microbial Regulation of Epigenetic Modification from a Metabolic Perspective.

Obesity is a global health challenge that has received increasing attention in contemporary research. The gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of obesity, primarily through its involvement in regulating various host metabolic processes. Recent research suggests that epigenetic modifications may serve as crucial pathways through which the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and other metabolic disorders.

Light-responsive transcription factors VvHYH and VvGATA24 mediate wax terpenoid biosynthesis in Vitis vinifera.

The cuticular wax that covers the surfaces of plants is the first barrier against environmental stresses and increasingly accumulates with light exposure. However, the molecular basis of light-responsive wax biosynthesis remains elusive. In grape (Vitis vinifera), light exposure resulted in higher wax terpenoid content and lower decay and abscission rates than controls kept in darkness.

Subcutaneous daratumumab in Chinese patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: an open-label, multicenter, phase 1 study (MMY1010).

Despite recent progress in multiple myeloma (MM) treatments, most patients will relapse and require additional treatment. Intravenous daratumumab, a human IgGκ monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, has shown good efficacy in the treatment of MM. A subcutaneous version of daratumumab was formulated to reduce the burden of intravenous infusions.

Evaluating drug interaction potential from cytokine release syndrome using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model: A case study of teclistamab.

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was associated with teclistamab treatment in the phase I/II MajesTEC-1 study. Cytokines, especially interleukin (IL)-6, are known suppressors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes' activity. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model evaluated the impact of IL-6 serum levels on exposure of substrates of various CYP enzymes (1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5).

[Specification for genetic diagnosis of congenital heart disease].

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common congenital malformations and a major cause of mortality among neonates and children. Conventional methods for the diagnosis of CHD have relied on clinical features and imaging findings. With the rapid development of genetic techniques, to identify the cause of CHD through genetic diagnosis has gained great significance for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CHD.

Interlayer Potassium Single-Atom-Coordinated g-CN for Significantly Boosted Visible Light Photocatalytic H Production.

In recent years, graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has attracted considerable attention because it includes earth-abundant carbon and nitrogen elements and exhibits good chemical and thermal stability owing to the strong covalent interaction in its conjugated layer structure. However, bulk g-CN has some disadvantages of low specific surface area, poor light absorption, rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers, and insufficient active sites, which hinder its practical applications. In this study, we design and synthesize potassium single-atom (K SAs)-doped g-CN porous nanosheets (CM-K, where X represents the mass of KHP added) via supramolecular self-assembling and chemical cross-linking copolymerization strategies.

Phosphatidylethanolamine Improves Postnatal Growth Retardation by Regulating Mucus Secretion of Intestinal Goblet Cells in Piglets.

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), a multifunctional phospholipid, is necessary for neonate development. This study aimed to explore the impact of the regulation of exogenous PE on postnatal growth retardation (PGR) by improving intestinal barrier function. Thirty-two neonatal pigs were divided into four groups according to their body weight (BW 2.

Retinol dehydrogenase 12 (RDH12) knock out may cause hyperuricemia phenotype in mice.

Hyperuricemia is a chronic metabolic disease caused by purine metabolism disorder. And several gene loci and transporter proteins that associated with uric acid transport functions have been identified. Retinol Dehydrogenase 12 (RDH12), recognized for its role in safeguarding photoreceptors, and our study investigated the potential impact of Rdh12 mutations on other organs and diseases, particularly hyperuricemia.