Activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenease and its correlation with inflammatory factors in diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: This study aims to explore glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its correlation with inflammatory factors, elucidating the regulatory role of G6PD in DR pathology.

Methods: A total of 151 T2DM patients were divided into three groups: diabetes without retinopathy (DNR, n = 59), non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR, n = 46) and proliferative retinopathy (PDR, n = 49). Plasma G6PD activity was measured by a Randox G6PD kit and compared between these groups.

Gut microbiota-derived acetate attenuates lung injury induced by influenza infection via protecting airway tight junctions.

Background: Gut microbiota (GM) have been implicated as important regulators of gastrointestinal symptom which is commonly occurred along with respiratory influenza A virus (IAV) infection, suggesting the involvement of the gut-to-lung axis in a host's response to IAV. IAV primarily destroys airway epithelium tight junctions (TJs) and consequently causes acute respiratory disease syndrome. It is known that GM and their metabolism produce an anti-influenza effect, but their role in IAV-induced airway epithelial integrity remains unknown.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Disease of Cellular Senescence and Dysregulated Immune Homeostasis.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative ocular disease primarily affecting central vision in the elderly. Its pathogenesis is complex, involving cellular senescence and immune homeostasis dysregulation. This review investigates the interaction between these two critical biological processes in AMD pathogenesis and their impact on disease progression.

Unveiling the molecular complexity of proliferative diabetic retinopathy through scRNA-seq, AlphaFold 2, and machine learning.

Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), a major cause of blindness, is characterized by complex pathogenesis. This study integrates single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), machine learning, and AlphaFold 2 methods to explore the molecular level of PDR.

Methods: We analyzed scRNA-seq data from PDR patients and healthy controls to identify distinct cellular subtypes and gene expression patterns.

MaiJiTong granule attenuates atherosclerosis by reducing ferroptosis via activating STAT6-mediated inhibition of DMT1 and SOCS1/p53 pathways in LDLR mice.

Background And Purpose: Atherosclerosis is the primary pathological basis of cardiovascular disease. Ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death, a process of lipid peroxidation driven by iron, which can initiate and promote atherosclerosis. STAT6 is a signal transducer that shows a potential role in regulating ferroptosis, but, the exact role in ferroptosis during atherogenesis remains unclear.

Novel risk score model for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy based on untargeted metabolomics of venous blood.

Background And Purpose: Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) occurs in the early stages of Diabetic retinopathy (DR), and the study of its metabolic markers will help to prevent DR. Hence, we aimed to establish a risk score based on multiple metabolites through untargeted metabolomic analysis of venous blood from NPDR patients and diabetic non-DR patients.

Experimental Approach: Untargeted metabolomics of venous blood samples from patients with NPDR, diabetes melitus without DR were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Helicity-resolved Raman scattering of MoS bulk crystal.

Helicity-resolved Raman spectroscopy (HRRS) can effectively distinguish the Raman modes of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials by phonon symmetry. In this paper, we systematically investigated the phonon helicity selection of basal and edge planes of MoS bulk by HRRS. We find that the symmetry of the crystal structure changes the helicity selection of the E, E , and A modes in the edge plane.

Shegan Mahuang Decoction May Reduce Airway Inflammation in Neutrophilic Asthmatic Mice by Improving the Mitochondrial Function of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Exosomes.

Asthma is a common pulmonary disease mainly caused by the infiltration of neutrophils. There is a limit to the therapeutic effects of the available asthma drugs on neutrophilic asthma. Shegan Mahuang Decoction (SMD) is one of the representative traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for asthma, and it can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of patients.

Optical characteristics of bilayer decoupling MoS grown by the CVD method.

Study of exciton recombination process is of great significance for the optoelectronic device applications of two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (TMDCs). This research investigated the decoupling MoS structures by photoluminescence (PL) measurements. First, PL intensity of the bilayer MoS (BLM) is about twice of that of the single layer MoS (SLM) at low temperature, indicating no transition from direct bandgap to indirect bandgap for BLM due to the decrease of interlayer coupling which can be shown by Raman spectra.

Phonon and Exciton Properties between WS and MoS Layers via Inversion Heterostructure Engineering.

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) have exhibited emergent electronic and optical properties due to their peculiar phonons and excitons, which lay the foundation for the development of photoelectronic devices. The dielectric environment plays an important role in the interlayer coupling of vdWHs. Here, we studied the interlayer and extra-layer dielectric effects on phonon and exciton properties in WS/MoS and MoS/WS vdWHs by Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.

Dioscin Reduces Vascular Damage in the Retina of Mice by Inhibiting the VEGFA Signaling Pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes that has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. VEGFA is necessary in the physiological state to maintain endothelial activity and physical properties of blood vessels. VEGFA plays an important role in the promotion of neovascularization; therefore, inhibition of VEGFA can degrade the structure of blood vessels and reduce neovascularization.

Efficacy of ormutivimab, a novel recombinant human anti-rabies monoclonal antibody, in post-exposure prophylaxis animal models.

Human rabies is a serious public health problem that can't be ignored. Rabies immune globulin (RIG) is an indispensable component of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). However, current PEP relies on RIG purified from pooled human or equine plasma, which are either in chronic shortage or associated with safety concerns.

Angle-resolved polarized Raman spectra of the basal and edge plane of MoS.

Angle-resolved polarized (ARP) Raman spectroscopy can be utilized to characterize the Raman modes of two-dimensional layered materials based on crystal symmetry or crystal orientation. In this paper, the polarization properties of and A modes on the basal plane and edge plane of high purity 2H-MoS bulk crystal grown by chemical vapor transport (CVT) method were investigated by ARP Raman spectroscopy. The I and II type ARP Raman spectroscopy with four kinds of polarization configurations: αY, αX, βY, and βX were used to explore the intensity dependence of and A modes at different planes on the polarization direction of incident/scattered light.

Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specific Factor 1 Promotes Tumor Progression Alternative Polyadenylation and Splicing in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is an important post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism required for cleavage and polyadenylation (CPA) of the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of mRNAs. Several aberrant APA events have been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying APA remain unclear.

I62V as a Putative Genetic Marker for Posner-Schlossman Syndrome.

Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS), also known as glaucomatocyclitic crisis, is an ocular condition characterized by recurrent attacks of anterior uveitis and raised intraocular pressure. Previous studies by our team and others have identified the genetic association of complement pathway genes with uveitis and glaucoma. This study aimed to investigate the complement genes in PSS patients with the view of elucidating the genetic background of the disease.

Three-year follow-up of Coats disease treated with conbercept and 532-nm laser photocoagulation.

Background: Coats disease is an idiopathic exudative outer retinopathy caused by abnormal retinal vascular development.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of intravitreal conbercept injection with laser photocoagulation as a treatment for Coats disease in adults.

Methods: This retrospective case series study included patients diagnosed with Coats disease and treated with intravitreal conbercept injection and 532-nm laser photocoagulation at the Ophthalmology Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital between January 2016 and January 2017.

Clinicopathologic features, tumor immune microenvironment and genomic landscape of Epstein-Barr virus-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background & Aims: Little is known about Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EBVaICC) because of its rarity. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinicopathology, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and genomic landscape of this entity in southern China.

Methods: We evaluated 303 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs) using in situ hybridization for EBV.

GYS1 induces glycogen accumulation and promotes tumor progression via the NF-κB pathway in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma.

Metabolism reprogramming is a hallmark of many cancer types. We focused on clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) which is characterized by its clear and glycogen-enriched cytoplasm with unknown reasons. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical significance, biological function, and molecular regulation of glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) in ccRCC glycogen accumulation and tumor progression.

T2 Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Resection for Glioblastoma Involving Eloquent Brain Areas Facilitated Through Awake Craniotomy and Clinical Outcome.

Background: Despite evidence that a greater extent of resection (EOR) improves survival, the role of extended resection based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) in the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the role of additional resection of FLAIR-detected abnormalities and its influence on clinical outcomes of patients with GBM.

Methods: Forty-six patients with newly diagnosed GBM involving eloquent brain areas were included.

[Extracellular Polymeric Substances of ANAMMOX Granular Sludge and Its Effects on Sludge Surface Characteristics].

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX) granular sludge in the EGSB reactor was divided into three groups according to particle size, which were R1 (0.5-1.4 mm), R2 (1.

Effect of high salinity in wastewater on surface properties of anammox granular sludge.

Bacterial surface properties fundamentally affect the stability and aggregation of anammox granular sludge. The variation in the surface properties of the granular sludge at different salinities were investigated to further clarify the effect of salinity on the aggregation of anammox granular sludge in this study. High anammox activity was obtained at a salinity of 30 g/L NaCl, and the average removal efficiency of NHN, NO-N and TN reached 91.

Global expression profiling and pathway analysis of mouse mammary tumor reveals strain and stage specific dysregulated pathways in breast cancer progression.

It is believed that the alteration of tissue microenvironment would affect cancer initiation and progression. However, little is known in terms of the underlying molecular mechanisms that would affect the initiation and progression of breast cancer. In the present study, we use two murine mammary tumor models with different speeds of tumor initiation and progression for whole genome expression profiling to reveal the involved genes and signaling pathways.

A robust multifunctional ligand-controlled palladium-catalyzed carbonylation reaction in water.

A novel, hydrophilic and recyclable methoxypolyethylene glycol (PEG)-modulated s-triazine-based multifunctional Schiff base/N,P-ligand L9 was prepared and used in Pd-catalyzed Heck-type carbonylative coupling reactions, affording diverse chalcone derivatives and 1,4-dicarbonyl esters in good yields.