Research Progress on Active Ingredients and Product Development of Murray.

Murray possesses significant applications in both food and medicine, including antioxidative, anti-tumor, anti-fatigue, anti-inflammatory, and various other effects. Consequently, there has been a surge in research endeavors dedicated to exploring its potential benefits, necessitating the organization and synthesis of these findings. This article systematically reviews the extraction and content determination methods of active substances such as polysaccharides, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and polyphenols in LRM in the past five years, as well as some active ingredient composition determination methods, biological activities, and product development.

Stable gold graphitic nanocapsule doped hydrogels for efficient photothermal antibacterial applications.

Herein, we have fabricated gold nanorod graphitic nanocapsule (AuNR@G) doped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (CS) hydrogels, which possessed highly efficient and stable photothermal antibacterial properties for both Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus under the irradiation of a near-infrared laser.

Sonchus asper extract inhibits LPS-induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in RAW264.7 macrophages.

Background/objectives: Sonchus asper is used extensively as an herbal anti-inflammatory for treatment of bronchitis, asthma, wounds, burns, and cough; however, further investigation is needed in order to understand the underlying mechanism. To determine its mechanism of action, we examined the effects of an ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of S. asper on nitric oxide (NO) production and prostaglandin-E2 levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.

Vomifoliol 9-O-α-arabinofuranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside from the leaves of Diospyros Kaki stimulates the glucose uptake in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells.

A novel α-glucosidase inhibitor, vomifoliol 9-O-α-arabinofuranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated for the first time from leaves of Diospyros Kaki and its bioactivity analyzed. This inhibitor exhibited strong anti-α-glucosidase activity with an IC50 value of 170.62nM and stimulated a dose-dependent increase in the uptake of a fluorescent d-glucose analog, 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG), in HepG2 cells at a rate higher than that of insulin controls.

Codonopsis lanceolata extract induces G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in human colon tumor HT-29 cells--involvement of ROS generation and polyamine depletion.

Codonopsis lanceolata (Campanulasea) is widely distributed and grown in Asia and has been in use as traditional medicine for long time. The n-butanol fraction (BF) of C. lanceolata significantly inhibited human colon cancer HT-29 cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner by inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis.

Electropolymerization of negatively charged Ni(II) complex for the selective determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid.

Electrodes for the dopamine (DA) determination in biological samples have been developed with improved selectivity and sensitivity in an excess of ascorbic acid (AA). Negatively charged Ni(II) complex was synthesized and electropolymerized on the glassy carbon electrode to impart the surface with anionic characteristics that could act both as a catalyst and as a discriminating layer against AA based on the electrostatic interaction. Thus prepared electrodes enabled selective determination of DA even in a large excess of AA by differential pulse voltammetry at physiological pH.

Bis(mu-4-carboxy-2-sulfonatobenzoato)bis[aqua(2,2'-bipyridyl)manganese(II)].

In the title compound, [Mn(2)(C(8)H(4)O(7)S)(2)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)], pairs of hexacoordinated manganese(II) centres are bridged by 2-sulfonatoterephthalate(2-) anions to form cyclic centrosymmetric dimers, which are linked into sheets by O-H...

Cytotoxic constituents isolated from the fruit bodies of Hypsizigus marmoreus.

The bioactivity-guided fractionation of chloroform extracts of the fruit bodies of Hypsizigus marmoreus led to our isolation of (22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol (1), ergosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), 5alpha,8alpha-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3beta-ol (3), hypsiziprenol A9 (4), hypsiziprenol AA8 (5), hypsiziprenol AA9 (6) and hypsiziprenol BA10 (7). Among these seven isolates, compound 2 was identified for the first time from this plant. All compounds (1-7) exhibited moderate cytotoxicity towards cultured human colon carcinoma (HT-29), human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and human hepatoblastoma (HepG-2) cell lines.

A new stilbene glucoside from the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

One new stilbene glucoside (6), along with five known compounds (1-5), were isolated from the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thumb., and their chemical structures established based on physicochemical and spectroscopic data. Of the compounds, compound 3 showed DNA topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activities.

Cytotoxicity and DNA topoisomerase inhibitory activity of constituents isolated from the fruits of Evodia officinalis.

Four alkaloids (1-4), three quinolone alkaloids (5-7), and three flavanoid glucosides (8-10) were isolated from the fruits of Evodia officinalis Dode, and their structures were determined from chemical and spectral data. Compounds, 3, 8, 9 and 10 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Of these compounds, 1-3 and 5-7 exhibited moderate cytotoxicities against cultured human colon carcinoma (HT-29), human breast carcinoma (MCF-7), and human hepatoblastoma (HepG-2).

Cytotoxicity and DNA topoisomerases inhibitory activity of constituents from the sclerotium of Poria cocos.

The bioactivity-guided fractionation of the methylene chloride extract of the sclerotium of Poria cocos led to the isolation of (S)-(+)-turmerone (1), ergosterol peroxide (2), polyporenic acid C (3), dehydropachymic acid (4), pachymic acid (5), and tumulosic acid (6). Compounds 4-6 exhibited moderate cytotoxicities, with IC50 values of 20.5, 29.

Preventive agents against sepsis and new phenylpropanoid glucosides from the fruits of Illicium verum.

The bioassay-guided fractionation of preventive agents against lethality due to septic shock from the fruits of Illicium verum led to the isolation of two known racemic mixtures of phenylpropanoids, [1-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-(1 R,2 S and 1 S,2 R)-propanediol (1) and 1-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-(1 R,2 R and 1 S,2 S)-propanediol (2)], along with two known phenylpropanoid glucosides, [1-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-(1 S,2 R)-propan-1-ol 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) and 1-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-(1 R,2 S)-propan-1-ol 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside ( 5)], and two new phenylpropanoid glucosides, [1-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-(1 S,2 S)-propan-1-ol 2- O-beta- D-glucopyranoside (4) and 1-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-(1 R,2 R)-propan-1-ol 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6)]. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic studies. Among them, 1 exhibited the highest survival rate in a dose-dependent manner (100 % with a dose of 10 mg/kg against 40 % for the control experiment) and showed a reduction of the plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) value on the in vivo assay model of septic shock induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.

Four new diarylheptanoids from the roots of Juglans mandshurica.

Four new diarylheptanoids (1-4), along with two known tetralones (5, 6), were isolated from the roots of Juglans mandshurica and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic studies.