PD-1 antibody camrelizumab plus apatinib and SOX as first-line treatment in patients with AFP-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (CAP 06): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction (AFP-G/GEJ) cancer, a rare gastric cancer subtype, exhibits increased angiogenesis and more immunosuppression than non-AFP-G/GEJ cancer. The potential benefits of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapy for this specific subtype remain unknown. This multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial (ClinicalTrials.

Effect of Different Substituents on the Properties of 4-R-1,5-Diaminotetrazolium Pentazolate Salts.

To explore the impact of different substituents (R) in 4-R-1,5-diaminotetrazolium cations on the performance of their pentazolate salts, five types of pentazolate salts with different groups were designed: -H, -OH, -NH, -NH-NH, and -N. Quantum chemical methods were employed to deeply study the interionic interactions and detonation properties of these 4-R-1,5-diaminotetrazolium pentazolate salts. Among these five ionic compounds, the 1,5-diamino-4-hydroxytetrazolium pentazolate ([DAT-OH] [N]) system exhibited the lowest interaction energy and highest stability, while the 1,5-diamino-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazolium pentazolate ([DAT-H] [N]) system was the least stable.

Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities With Donanemab in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer Disease: Secondary Analysis of the TRAILBLAZER-ALZ and ALZ 2 Randomized Clinical Trials.

Importance: Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) are the major adverse event associated with amyloid-targeting immunotherapy. Identifying clinical features and individual risk factors for ARIA could facilitate effective prediction and prevention strategies.

Objective: To characterize ARIA in participants treated with donanemab.

A Promising Strategy toward the Development of C-C- and C-N-Linked Tricyclic Tetrazole Energetic Materials with High Energy Density.

Tetrazole-based energetic materials have received extensive attention from researchers due to their high heats of formation and high nitrogen contents. In this work, a novel tricyclic tetrazole compound linked by C-C and C-N bonds was synthesized for the first time, and a series of energetic salts (-) were prepared. In addition, the energetic compound 2,2'-bis(dinitromethyl)-2H,2'H-5,2'-5,5'-tertetrazole () was synthesized by assembling dinitromethyl with tricyclic tetrazole.

Antibiofilm activity of Plumbagin against Staphylococcus aureus.

In chronic infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, biofilm is a major virulence factor. In Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, bacteria are embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances and are highly tolerant to antimicrobial drugs. However, the lack of effective solutions to inhibit biofilm formation remains a challenge, and the mechanism of inhibition of biofilm formation targeting extracellular polymeric substances is unclear.

Detunable wireless ladder resonator inserts for enhanced SNR of local array coil at 1.5T MRI.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technique that produces high-resolution images with excellent soft-tissue contrast, crucial for diagnosing various medical conditions. A key factor in MRI quality is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which directly affects image clarity. To enhance SNR, passive inserts like high-permittivity dielectric pads or metamaterials are used between the tissue and coil.

Validation of qMT and CEST MRI as Biomarkers of Response to Treatment After Lumbar Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.

The progression and repair of a traumatically injured spinal cord (SCI) involves multifactored processes. Noninvasive, mechanism-informative objective biomarkers could greatly facilitate the translation of findings from preclinical animal models to patient applications. We aimed to develop and validate multiparametric chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for assessing SCI severity, demyelination, and neuroinflammation, as well as the response to neuroprotective drug treatment riluzole.

Numerical investigation of different RF arrays for magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound in human head.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a non-invasive and effective alternative to conventional deep-brain stimulation and radio-frequency lesioning for essential tremors and is being investigated for essential tremors, pains, and other applications. During MRgFUS treatment, FUS transducers are typically positioned at the top of the head. To precisely focus the ultrasound force or create a hot spot at the targeted area, adjustments in the transducer position are necessary.

Inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome by dephosphorylation at Serine 658 alleviates glial inflammation in the mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a leading neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, contributing to considerable disability worldwide. Current treatments offer only symptomatic relief, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies targeting disease progression. Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in PD pathogenesis, with the NLRP3 inflammasome emerging as a key contributor.

Unsupervised Learning of Intrinsic Semantics with Diffusion Model for Person Re-Identification.

Unsupervised person re-identification (Re-ID) aims to learn semantic representations for person retrieval without using identity labels. Most existing methods generate fine-grained patch features to reduce noise in global feature clustering. However, these methods often compromise the discriminative semantic structure and overlook the semantic consistency between the patch and global features.

A Review of MAX Series Materials: From Diversity, Synthesis, Prediction, Properties Oriented to Functions.

MAX series materials, as non-van der Waals layered multi-element compounds, contribute remarkable regulated properties and functional dimension, combining the features of metal and ceramic materials due to their inherently laminated crystal structure that MX slabs are intercalated with A element layers. Oriented to the functional requirements of information, intelligence, electrification, and aerospace in the new era, how to accelerate MAX series materials into new quality productive forces? The systematic enhancement of knowledge about MAX series materials is intrinsic to understanding its low-dimensional geometric structure characteristics, and physical and chemical properties, revealing the correlation of composition, structure, and function and further realizing rational design based on simulation and prediction. Diversity also brings complexity to MAX materials research.

An Artificial Intelligence Model for Vascularity Monitoring of Postoperative Flap.

Background: Postoperative flap monitoring is a labor-intensive task that relies heavily on the subjective judgment of skin color change by both medical and nursing staff. Human errors, such as misinterpretation of visual cues, may result in flap failure due to missed or delayed detection of vascular compromise.

Objective: To simulate clinical situations of vascular compromise and investigate the feasibility of using an artificial intelligence (AI) model with skin color monitoring algorithms (SCMAs) and pulse wave monitoring algorithms (PWMAs) in identifying changes to site vascularity.

Support Regulation Strategy Synergistic with Ru Single-Atom Catalyst for Energy-Saving Hydrogen Production Assisted by Green Electrosynthesis of Azotetrazolate.

The slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction limits electrochemical overall water splitting (OWS). To address this, integrating thermodynamically favorable organic electro-oxidation with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can enhance the hydrogen production performance. Notably, 5-amino-1-tetrazole oxidation-assisted OWS not only achieves energy-saving hydrogen production but also produces energetic compound 5,5'-azotetrazolate salts in a mild manner.

The association between reproductive factors and frailty risk: a population-based analysis from the UK biobank.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that reproductive factors are associated with future frailty or frailty-related health issues in women. In view of the limited evidence, investigating the association between different reproductive factors and frailty in older women requires further exploration. The purpose of this study is to explore whether reproductive factors contribute to an increased risk of frailty in older women.

ARIA Insights from the Donanemab Trials (P1-9.001).

Objective: To characterize amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) risk associated with donanemab, a novel amyloid-targeting therapy (ATT).

Background: ARIA is an important safety concern associated with the class of ATTs. Identifying patient characteristics, comorbidities, concomitant medications, and modifiable factors potentially contributing to ARIA risk is paramount to inform use of ATTs in clinical practice.

Robot-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation in the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Purpose: To investigate robot-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation for treating slipped capital femoral epiphysis, including acute, chronic, and acute-on-chronic slips. Our study included all stable and unstable slips.

Methods: Thirty-one children with unilateral SCFE were treated from October 2019 to October 2021.

Visceral adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles promote stress susceptibility in obese mice via miR-140-5p.

Obesity increases the risk of depression. Evidence shows that peripheral inflammation, glycemic dysregulation, and hyperactivity within the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are implicated in both obesity and depression. In this study we investigated the impact of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), a crucial characteristic of obesity, on stress susceptibility in obese mice.

Radiogenomics of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma predicts immunochemotherapy response and identifies therapeutic target.

Background & Aims: Identifying patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) likely to benefit from immunochemotherapy, the new front-line treatment, remains challenging. We aimed to unveil a novel radiotranscriptomic signature that can facilitate treatment response prediction by multi-omics integration and multi-scale modelling.

Methods: We analyzed bulk, single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data comprising 457 ICC patients to identify an immune-related score (IRS), followed by decoding its spatial immune context.

Efficacy and safety of surufatinib plus toripalimab in treatment-naive, PD-L1-positive, advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and previously treated small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, multi-cohort phase II trial.

Background: Combining the programmed death-1 inhibitor toripalimab and the angio-immuno kinase inhibitor surufatinib showed preliminary antitumor activity in patients with advanced solid tumors in a phase I study. Here, we report the efficacy and safety of this combination regimen in treatment-naive advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score (TPS) of 1% or greater (PD-L1-positive) and patients with previously treated small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods: This open-label, single-arm phase II study included patients with treatment-naive advanced or metastatic PD-L1-positive NSCLC or previously treated SCLC in China.

Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Complex Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with the Dual SGLT Inhibitor Sotagliflozin: A Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Scientific publications have shown sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors to have several beneficial effects in patients with complex type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 (SGLT-1) inhibitor is still under investigation in clinical trials. Recently, a dual inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT1/2), sotagliflozin, has been approved for use in patients with T2DM.

Cyclo-N : a Novel 5/6 Fused Polynitrogen Anion for High Energy Density Materials.

After cyclo-pentazolate anion, a 5/6 fused structure of N is constructed, and four novel nitrogen-rich ionic compounds are assembled on its basis. The results of the quantum calculations revealed an uneven distribution of electrons on cyclo-N , with significant charge density near the N5/N9 atoms and an ADCH charge of -0.425.

Empowering wastewater treatment with step scheme heterojunction ternary nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of nitrophenol.

The ongoing challenge of water pollution necessitates innovative approaches to remove organic contaminants from wastewater. In this work, new two-dimensional S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts BiO/CdS and MoS/BiO/CdS that are intended for the effective photocatalytic destruction of 4-nitrophenol, a dangerous organic pollutant, are synthesized and characterized. Utilizing a solvothermal method, successfully generated these ternary nanocomposites, which were characterized through various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission electronmicroscopy (HRTEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Telle (BET) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS).

Grazing-Induced Habitat Degradation: Challenges to Giant Panda Survival Resulting from Declining Bamboo and Soil Quality.

Grazing is the primary human-induced disturbance affecting giant panda () habitats and has a severe impact on the long-term sustainability of the giant panda population. To address the lack of quantitative studies on grazing's impact on habitat quality, we selected China's most heavily grazed giant panda nature reserve. Utilizing the Maxent model and stoichiometric analysis, we investigated habitat quality degradation caused by grazing and quantified changes in bamboo nutritional quality and soil physicochemical properties.

Abietic Acid Alleviates the Hypoxic Injury of Cardiomyocytes by Adjusting Autophagy and Apoptosis Mediated by miR-30a-5p/GRP78 Axis.

Objective: To explore the influence of abietic acid on the autophagy and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: A rat model of AMI was built by ligation of the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery, and a model of hypoxic cardiomyocyte injury was constructed by treating cardiomyocytes with hypoxia. Western blot assay was used to detect the abundance of proteins related to autophagy and apoptosis, MTT assay was used to measure the viability of cardiomyocytes, and the expression level of miR-30a-5p was detected by qRT-PCR.

Magnetic field probe-based co-simulation method for irregular volume-type inductively coupled wireless MRI radiofrequency coils.

Background: Inductively coupled wireless coils are increasingly used in MRI due to their cost-effectiveness and simplicity, eliminating the need for expensive components like preamplifiers, baluns, coil plugs, and coil ID circuits. Existing tools for predicting component values and electromagnetic (EM) fields are primarily designed for cylindrical volume coils, making them inadequate for irregular volume-type wireless coils.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to introduce and validate a novel magnetic (H-) field probe-based co-simulation method to accurately predict capacitance values and EM fields for irregular volume-type wireless coils, thereby addressing the limitations of current prediction tools.