The quantification and mRNA expression levels of cochlear synapses in C57BL/6j mice following repeated exposure to noise.

Background: Noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy has recently emerged as a focus in hearing research.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of repeated noise exposure on the quantification and mRNA expression levels of cochlear synapses.

Methods: Measurements were conducted at baseline, 1 day, and 14 days post-exposure to 88 or 97 dB SPL noise (2 h/day for 7 days, frequency range 2-20 kHz).

Pembrolizumab plus cetuximab with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Head and neck cancer cells commonly express programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), both of which play pivotal roles in the antitumor cellular immune response. Pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, and cetuximab, an EGFR inhibitor, are typically effective agents combined with neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in patients with HNSCC.

Clinical retrospective study on the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ear surgery for adhesive otitis media.

Background: Currently, the optimum surgical approach for treating adherent otitis media is debatable. The traditional treatment is usually performed by microscopic tympanoplasty combined with temporal myofascial tympanic tube placement. In recent years, the application of whole ear endoscopic surgery in the treatment of middle ear diseases has gradually increased, otoendoscopy has been used in the operation of adhesive otitis media, but its safety and effectiveness are still controversial.

Clinical Analysis of 85 Cases of External Auditory Canal Cholesteatoma Surgery under Specialized Endoscopy.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, surgical experience, and surgical outcomes of external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) surgery under endoscopic otolaryngoscopy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 85 EACC cases admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, from January 2016 to February 2021 was performed, followed by retrospective analysis of clinical data to explore the feasibility and clinical characteristics of all-oral endoscopic EACC surgery. A total of 85 EACC patients (90 ears) with a mean age of 49.

Dose-Dependent Pattern of Cochlear Synaptic Degeneration in C57BL/6J Mice Induced by Repeated Noise Exposure.

It is widely accepted that even a single acute noise exposure at moderate intensity that induces temporary threshold shift (TTS) can result in permanent loss of ribbon synapses between inner hair cells and afferents. However, effects of repeated or chronic noise exposures on the cochlear synapses especially medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent synapses remain elusive. Based on a weeklong repeated exposure model of bandwidth noise over 2-20 kHz for 2 hours at seven intensities (88 to 106 dB SPL with 3 dB increment per gradient) on C57BL/6J mice, we attempted to explore the dose-response mechanism of prolonged noise-induced audiological dysfunction and cochlear synaptic degeneration.

Acute Recreational Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptic Dysfunction in Humans With Normal Hearing: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to identify the acute high-intensity recreational noise-induced effects on auditory function, especially the cochlear synaptopathy-related audiological metrics, in humans with normal hearing.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 32 young adults (14 males and 18 females); the mean age was 24.1 ± 2.

Audiometric Phenotypes of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Data-Driven Cluster Analysis and Their Relevant Characteristics.

The definition of notched audiogram for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is presently based on clinical experience, but audiometric phenotypes of NIHL are highly heterogeneous. The data-driven clustering of subtypes could provide refined characteristics of NIHL, and help identify individuals with typical NIHL at diagnosis. This cross-sectional study initially recruited 12,218 occupational noise-exposed employees aged 18-60 years from two factories of a shipyard in Eastern China.

The effects of aging on peripheral and central auditory function in adults with normal hearing.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of the aging process on peripheral and central auditory functions in adults with normal hearing. In this study, 149 participants with normal hearing were divided into four groups: aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 years for statistical purposes. Electrocochleography (EcochG), transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), Mandarin Hearing in Noise Test (MHINT) and the Gap Detection Test (GDT) were used.

An In Vitro Study on Prestin Analog Gene in the Bullfrog Hearing Organs.

The prestin-based active process in the mammalian outer hair cells (OHCs) is believed to play a crucial role in auditory signal amplification in the cochlea. Prestin belongs to an anion transporter family (SLC26A). It is densely expressed in the OHC lateral plasma membrane and functions as a voltage-dependent motor protein.

Increased metabolic activity and hysteretic enhanced GABA receptor binding in a rat model of salicylate-induced tinnitus.

Tinnitus is relevant to neural hyperactivity in the central nervous system (CNS). Normal quantity and functioning of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor are crucial for maintaining the balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain. In this study, we applied a rat model of tinnitus via long-term salicylate administration.

[Molecular pathogenesis of Waardenburg syndrome type II resulting from SOX10 gene mutation].

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of Waardenburg syndrome type II (WS2) resulting from SOX10 gene mutation E248fs through in vitro experiment.

Methods: 293T cells were transiently transfected with wild type (WT) SOX10 and mutant type (MT) E248fs plasmids. The regulatory effect of WT/MT SOX10 on the transcriptional activity of MITF gene and influence of E248fs on WT SOX10 function were determined with a luciferase activity assay.

[Diagnosis and treatment of primary ectopic thyroid carcinoma: report of 3 cases and literature review].

Objective: Discuss the clinical features of primary ectopic thyroid carcinoma.

Method: The clinical data of three cases diagnosed of primary ectopic thyroid carcinoma in our department since 1990 were analyzed ret respectively and related literature was reviewed.

Result: All three patients were young females that had cervical lumps before surgery.

[Detection of Runx2 mRNA expression using relatively real-time RT-PCR in papillary thyroid carcinoma].

Objective: To relatively detect the Runx2 mRNA expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and thyroid adenoma, then to investigate the role of Runx2 in the development and progression in PTC and the relationship with the micro calcification in PTC.

Method: The expression of Runx2 mRNA in 14 samples of PTC and 14 samples of thyroid adenoma was examined by relatively real-time RT-PCR.

Result: The deltaCT value of the carcinoma group and adenoma group was 2.

[Clinical analysis of granulomatous capillary hemangioma of the larynx].

Objective: To improve the acknowledgement of clinician on granulomatous capillary hemangioma of the larynx.

Method: Collect patients in our hospital who were treated with granulomatous capillary hemangioma of the larynx from 2006 to 2011 and the clinical data, treatment and follow-up consequence were retrospectively analyzed.

Result: There are 10 cases of laryngeal granulomatous capillary.

[The significance of calcification in the thyroid papillary carcinoma].

Objective: To study the significance of calcification in the thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Method: Retrospectively analyze 88 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Result: There was no association between calcification with age,TSH and TNM.

[The significance of middle thyroid vein in the VI region neck dissection].

Objective: To investigate the effect of VI region neck dissection in thyroid papillary carcinoma surgery and to prompt the key matters in such surgery.

Method: Retrospectively analyzed 213 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma treated by Renji ENT Department from 2003 to 2009. Under each case, we implemented the VI region neck dissection after marking recurrent laryngeal nerve with middle thyroid vein.

[The significance of p63 expression in thyroid neoplasm].

Objective: To explore the significance of p63 expression in thyroid carcinoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, thyroid follicular carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma in order to find the possible causes of such thyroid-related diseases and if there is some kind of relation among them.

Method: The expression of p63 was examined in 10 thyroid carcinomas, 20 thyroid papillary carcinomas, 4 thyroid follicular carcinomas, 2 squamous cell carcinomas and 2 medullary thyroid carcinomas using direct immunofluorescence.

Result: It was shown that p63 expressed in all the thyroid-related diseases mentioned above.

[Management of the sentinel lymph node of papillary thyroid carcinoma in surgery].

Objective: To investigate the value of sentinel lymph node of papillary thyroid carcinoma exploring and measuring in the metastasis of the cervical lymph node of thyroid carcinoma.

Method: The sentinel lymph node were investigated by injecting the methylene blue around 25 cases of thyroid tumors. The lymph nodes dyed in blue and obtained from selective lymph node dissection were examined by pathology, respectively.

[Clinical analysis of 122 cases of non-thyroid related neck cyst].

Objective: To investigate the characteristic of non-thyroid-related neck cyst for the purpose of im proving the accuracy of diagnosis of neck cyst preoperatively.

Method: Retrospectively analyzed 122 cases of non thyroid related neck cyst during 1999 2005 in our department.

Result: Congenital mass (n=84) constitute the main part of total cases (n 122), among which thyroglossal cyst is the most common reason.

[The clinical significance of molecular findings in surgically resected margins of the primary tumor laryngeal carcinoma].

Objective: To study the relationship at molecular level between the resection range of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and prognosis.

Method: Immunohistochemistry method was used to detected the expression of EGFR, p27,Bcl-2 and p53 in surgically resected margins of the 23 patients with LSCC. The relationship between the genes and tumour recurrence were observed by the follow-up.

[Clinical research on 2228 cases of thyroid gland tumors].

Objective: To discuss outcome of thyroid tumor patients treated with surgery.

Methods: Total number of patients was 2228. These patients of thyroid tumors from 1992-2004 (2072 cases of benign thyroid diseases and 156 cases of thyroid carcinoma) were recruited.