Fabrication and Characterization of Intelligent Multi-Layered Biopolymer Film Incorporated with pH-Sensitive Red Cabbage Extract to Indicate Fish Freshness.

This study aimed to fabricate an intelligent monolayer and multi-layered biodegradable films incorporated with red cabbage extract (RCE) to act as a safe and reliable freshness indicator. A film-forming solution (FFS) of gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan was prepared and fortified with 0.5% (w/v) of RCE for developing intelligent monolayer films.