The association between different impact exercises and osteoporosis: an analysis of data from the Taiwan biobank.

Osteoporosis is a prevalent condition marked by reduced bone density and an elevated risk of fractures, especially among postmenopausal women. Exercise plays a crucial role in preventing and managing osteoporosis, with weight-bearing and impact exercises being particularly effective in enhancing bone density and mitigating disease risk. This study investigated the relationship between various types of impact exercises and osteoporosis using data from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB).

Cloning and characterization of a novel mesophilic xylanase gene from Z-1.

Unlabelled: In order to search for high specific activity and the resistant xylanases to XIP-I and provide more alternative xylanases for industrial production, a strain of from produced xylanases was isolated and identified. Three xylanase genes from Z-1 were cloned and successfully expressed in and , respectively. The specific activities of xyn1 xyn2 and xyn3 for birchwood xylan were 38.

Improving the inhibitory resistance of xylanase FgXyn11C from Fusarium graminearum to SyXIP-I by site-directed mutagenesis.

The aim of this study was to improve the inhibitory resistance of xylanase FgXyn11C from Fusarium graminearum to XIP in cereal flour. Site saturation mutagenesis was performed using computer-aided redesign. Firstly, based on multiple primary structure alignments, the amino acid residues in the active site architecture were identified, and specific residue T144 in the thumb region of FgXyn11C was selected for site-saturation mutagenesis.

Expression and characterization of β-1,3-1,4-glucanase of Aspergillus usamii in Escherichia coli and its application in sourdough bread making.

A β-1,3-1,4-glucanase gene (Auglu12A) from Aspergillus usamii was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The recombinant enzyme, reAuglu12A was efficiently purified using the one-step nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid affinity chromatography. The specific activity of reAuglu12A was 694.

Separation of Antioxidants from Trace Fraction of via Chromatographic Strategy and Their Antioxidant Activity Supported with Molecular Simulations.

Antioxidants from natural sources have long been of interest to researchers. In this paper, taking the traditional Tibetan medicine as an example, an integrated approach was used to identify and isolate its chemical composition with free-radical-scavenging properties from its ethanol extract. First, the ethanol extract of was pretreated using polyamide medium-pressure liquid chromatography (polyamide-MPLC), and the target fraction (Fr4) was obtained.

Directed Modification of a GHF11 Thermostable Xylanase AusM for Enhancing Inhibitory Resistance towards SyXIP-I and Application of AusM in Bread Making.

To reduce the inhibition sensitivity of a thermoresistant xylanase AusM to xylanase inhibitor protein (XIP)-type in wheat flour, the site-directed mutagenesis was conducted based on the computer-aided redesign. First, fourteen single-site variants and one three-amino acid replacement variant in the thumb region of an AusM-encoding gene () were constructed and expressed in BL21(DE3), respectively, as predicted theoretically. At a molar ratio of 100:1 between SyXIP-I/xylanase, the majority of mutants were nearly completely inactivated by the inhibitor SyXIP-I, whereas AusM retained 62.

Origin of Limiting and Overlimiting Currents in Bipolar Membranes.

Bipolar membranes (BPMs), a special class of ion exchange membranes with the unique ability to electrochemically induce either water dissociation or recombination, are of growing interest for environmental applications including eliminating chemical dosage for pH adjustment, resource recovery, valorization of brines, and carbon capture. However, ion transport within BPMs, and particularly at its junction, has remained poorly understood. This work aims to theoretically and experimentally investigate ion transport in BPMs under both reverse and forward bias operation modes, taking into account the production or recombination of H and OH, as well as the transport of salt ions (e.

An Integrated Strategy for Investigating Antioxidants from Royle ex Decne and Their Potential Target Proteins.

Natural products have been used extensively around the world for many years as therapeutic, prophylactic, and health-promotive agents. Royle ex Decne, a plant used in traditional Tibetan medicine, has been demonstrated to have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the material basis of its medicinal effects has not been sufficiently explored.

Identification of S100A9 as a Potential Inflammation-Related Biomarker for Radiation-Induced Lung Injury.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), a potentially fatal and dose-limiting complication of radiotherapy for thoracic tumors, is divided into early reversible pneumonitis and irreversible advanced-stage fibrosis. Early detection and intervention contribute to improving clinical outcomes of patients. However, there is still a lack of reliable biomarkers for early prediction and clinical diagnosis of RILI.

Jogging and weight training associated with increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Taiwanese adults.

Background: Although previous studies have shown that aerobic and resistance exercise increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, the optimal type of exercise has not been determined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association of jogging (a type of aerobic exercise) and weight training (a type of resistance exercise) with HDL-C levels in Taiwanese adults.

Methods: The data used in this cross-sectional study were obtained from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB), which is a national health resource that contains the genetic information of Taiwanese volunteers aged 30-70 years.

Deep Learning-Based Automatic Detection of ASPECTS in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Improving Stroke Assessment on CT Scans.

(1) Background: The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) is a standardized scoring tool used to evaluate the severity of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) on non-contrast CT (NCCT). Our aim in this study was to automate ASPECTS. (2) Methods: We utilized a total of 258 patient images with suspected AIS symptoms.

Associations between cigarette smoking status and health-related physical fitness performance in male Taiwanese adults.

Background: The highest proportion of smoking behavior occurs in male adults in Taiwan. However, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the relationship between smoking behavior and health-related physical fitness according to education level, health status, betel nut-chewing status and obesity in male adults aged 18 years or older in Taiwan.

Aims: This study aimed to determine the associations between cigarette smoking and health-related physical fitness performance in male Taiwanese adults.

Gram-Scale Synthesis of ()Chlorophenyl-1,2-Ethanediol at High Concentration by a Pair of Epoxide Hydrolases.

()--chlorophenyl-1,2-ethanediol (CPED) is an important intermediate for the synthesis of ()-eliprodil that is widely applied in the treatment of ischemic stroke. To prepare ()-CPED with high enantiomeric excess ( ) and yield via the enantioconvergent hydrolysis of racemic styrene oxide (CSO) at high concentration, the bi-enzymatic catalysis was designed and investigated by a pair of epoxide hydrolases, a mutant (EH1) of EH1 and a mutant (EH) of EH Firstly, the maximum allowable concentration of -CSO was confirmed. Subsequently, the addition mode and the weight ratio of two cells were optimized.

Enantioselective Biosynthesis of L-Phenyllactic Acid From Phenylpyruvic Acid by L-Lactate Dehydrogenase Coupling With Glucose Dehydrogenase.

As a valuable versatile building block, L-phenyllactic acid (L-PLA) has numerous applications in the fields of agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and biodegradable plastics. However, both normally chemically synthesized and naturally occurring PLA are racemic, and the production titer of L-PLA is not satisfactory. To improve L-PLA production and reduce the high cost of NADH, an coenzyme regeneration system of NADH was achieved using the glucose dehydrogenase variant GDH and introduced into the L-PLA production process.

Structure-Guided Regulation in the Enantioselectivity of an Epoxide Hydrolase to Produce Enantiomeric Monosubstituted Epoxides and Vicinal Diols via Kinetic Resolution.

Structure-guided microtuning of an epoxide hydrolase was executed. One mutant, A214C/A250I, displayed a 12.6-fold enhanced enantiomeric ratio ( = 202) toward -styrene oxide, achieving its nearly perfect kinetic resolution at 0.

Primary culture of chondrocytes after collagenase IA or II treatment of articular cartilage from elderly patients undergoing arthroplasty.

Background: Joint replacement surgery provides articular cartilage samples for chondrocyte isolation. To our knowledge, the effect of the collagenase type on releasing of chondrocytes from the extracellular matrix of cartilage is not reported.

Objectives: To determine whether cartilage digested with collagenase IA yielded more chondrocytes than that digested with collagenase II and determine whether chondrocytes isolated with collagenase IA could be cultured in vitro.

Structure-guided improvement in the enantioselectivity of an Aspergillus usamii epoxide hydrolase for the gram-scale kinetic resolution of ortho-trifluoromethyl styrene oxide.

Microtuning the substrate-binding pocket (SBP) of EHs has emerged as an effective approach to manipulate their enantio- or regio-selectivities and activities towards target substrates. Here, the enantioselectivity (enantiomeric ratio, E) of AuEH2 towards a racemic (rac-) ortho-trifluoromethyl styrene oxide (o-TFMSO) was improved via microtuning its SBP. Based on the analysis on the crystal structure of AuEH2, its specific residues I192, Y216, R322 and L344 lining the SBP in close to the catalytic triad were identified for site-saturation mutagenesis.

The effect of redox potential on the removal characteristic of divalent cations during activated carbon-based capacitive deionization.

The main objective of the study is to explore the removal characteristics of Cu and Zn ions in activated carbon-based capacitive deionization (CDI). In this work, CDI experiments were performed to remove divalent ions (e.g.

Improvement in the catalytic performance of a phenylpyruvate reductase from by site-directed and saturation mutagenesis based on the computer-aided design.

Unlabelled: To enhance the specific activity and catalytic efficiency ( / ) of an NADH-dependent PPR, its directed modification was performed based on the computer-aided design using molecular docking simulation and multiple sequence alignment. Firstly, five single-site variants of an PPR-encoding gene () were amplified and expressed in BL21 (DE3). The asymmetric reduction of 20 mM phenylpyruvic acid (PPA) was carried out using 50 mg/mL / or / whole wet cells at 37 °C for 20 min, giving d-phenyllactic acid (PLA) with 41.

Nearly perfect kinetic resolution of racemic o-nitrostyrene oxide by AuEH2, a microsomal epoxide hydrolase from Aspergillus usamii, with high enantio- and regio-selectivity.

Only a few known epoxide hydrolases (EHs) displayed activity towards o-nitrostyrene oxide (4a), presumably owing to the large steric hindrance caused by o-nitro substituent. Therefore, excavating EHs with high activity and enantio- and/or regio-selectivity towards racemic (rac-) 4a is essential but challenging. Here, AuEH2 from Aspergillus usamii was expressed in E.

Highly regio- and enantio-selective hydrolysis of two racemic epoxides by GmEH3, a novel epoxide hydrolase from Glycine max.

A novel epoxide hydrolase from Glycine max, designated GmEH3, was excavated based on the computer-aided analysis. Then, gmeh3, a GmEH3-encoding gene, was cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli Rosetta(DE3).

[Expression of a Lactobacillus casei L-lactate dehydrogenase mutant in Pichia pastoris for asymmetric reduction of phenylpyruvate].

To improve the productivity of L-phenyllactic acid (L-PLA), L-LcLDH1(Q88A/I229A), a Lactobacillus casei L-lactate dehydrogenase mutant, was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. An NADH regeneration system in vitro was then constructed by coupling the recombinant (re) LcLDH1(Q88A/I229A) with a glucose 1-dehydrogenase for the asymmetric reduction of phenylpyruvate (PPA) to L-PLA. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the apparent molecular weight of reLcLDH1(Q88A/I229A) was 36.

Near-perfect kinetic resolution of o-methylphenyl glycidyl ether by RpEH, a novel epoxide hydrolase from Rhodotorula paludigena JNU001 with high stereoselectivity.

In order to provide more alternative epoxide hydrolases for industrial production, a novel cDNA gene Rpeh-encoding epoxide hydrolase (RpEH) of Rhodotorula paludigena JNU001 identified by 26S rDNA sequence analysis was amplified by RT-PCR. The open-reading frame (ORF) of Rpeh was 1236 bp encoding RpEH of 411 amino acids and was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The substrate spectrum of expressed RpEH showed that the transformant E.