Climate change impacts on crop production: Insights from long-term observations in South Korea.

Climate change is an imminent threat, particularly affecting agricultural productivity, which relies heavily on weather conditions. Understanding the specific impacts of climate change on key crops is crucial for developing effective adaptation strategies to ensure food security. The growth patterns of onions and garlic were observed at over ten different locations in South Korea, and the yield data from the past 40 years were analyzed.

Evaluations are inherently comparative, but are compared to what?

Understanding how objective quantities are translated into subjective evaluations has long been of interest to social scientists, medical professionals, and policymakers with an interest in how people process and act on quantitative information. The theory of decision by sampling proposes a comparative procedure: Values seem larger or smaller based on how they rank in a comparison set, the But what values are included in this decision sample? We identify and test four mechanistic accounts, each suggesting that how previously encountered attribute values are processed determines whether they linger in the sample to guide the subjective interpretation, and thus the influence, of newly encountered values. Testing our ideas through studies of loss aversion, delay discounting, and vaccine hesitancy, we find strongest support for one account: Quantities need to be subjectively evaluated-rather than merely encountered-for them to enter the decision sample, alter the subjective interpretation of other values, and then guide decision making.

Pan-chloroplast genomes for accession-specific marker development in Hibiscus syriacus.

Hibiscus syriacus L. is a renowned ornamental plant. We constructed 95 chloroplast genomes of H.

Construction of deep learning-based disease detection model in plants.

Accurately detecting disease occurrences of crops in early stage is essential for quality and yield of crops through the decision of an appropriate treatments. However, detection of disease needs specialized knowledge and long-term experiences in plant pathology. Thus, an automated system for disease detecting in crops will play an important role in agriculture by constructing early detection system of disease.

Short-term Changes in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Level after Body Fat Reduction via Partial Meal Replacement.

Background: Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels change during body weight reduction. However, the changes that occur during short-term body weight control interventions remain controversial. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the changes in TSH levels according to body fat reduction.

Social status and unethical behavior: Two replications of the field studies in Piff et al. (2012).

Prominent social psychologists and major media outlets have put forward the notion that people of high socioeconomic status (SES) are more selfish and behave more unethically than people of low SES. In contrast, other research in economics and sociology has hypothesized and found a positive relationship between SES and prosocial and ethical behavior. We review the empirical evidence for these contradictory findings and conduct two direct, well-powered, and preregistered replications of the field studies by Piff and colleagues (2012) to test the relationship between SES and unethical/selfish behavior.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with homocysteine more than with apolipoprotein B.

Background/objectives: The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has increased worldwide. Although a low serum vitamin D level is known to be associated with the risk of CVD, the mechanism is not well understood yet. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) with homocysteine and apolipoprotein B (ApoB).

Prosocial spending encourages happiness: A replication of the only experiment reported in Dunn, Aknin, and Norton (2008).

Spending money on one's self, whether to solve a problem, fulfill a need, or increase enjoyment, often heightens one's sense of happiness. It is therefore both surprising and important that people can be even happier after spending money on someone else. We conducted a close replication of a key experiment from Dunn, Aknin, and Norton (2008) to verify and expand upon their findings.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of CJLP243 in Patients with Functional Diarrhea and High Fecal Calprotectin Levels.

Micro-inflammation in the gut, assessed by fecal calprotectin (FC), is considered a component of the pathogenesis of functional diarrhea (FD). Since probiotics may suppress micro-inflammation in the intestine by competing with harmful bacteria, we hypothesized that they would reduce the ratio of loose stool symptoms and gut inflammation in patients with FD. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the clinical and laboratory effects of CJLP243 in FD patients with elevated FC levels for two months.

Deep Learning Algorithms Correctly Classify Varieties Using Digital Images.

Efficient and accurate methods of analysis are needed for the huge amount of biological data that have accumulated in various research fields, including genomics, phenomics, and genetics. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis is one promising method to manipulate biological data. To this end, various algorithms have been developed and applied in fields such as disease diagnosis, species classification, and object prediction.

Responsibility amplifies empathic forecasts.

Inspired by theoretical and empirical work on emotion, psychological distance, moral psychology, and people's tendency to overgeneralize ecologically valid relationships, 3 studies explore whether, why, and for whom responsibility amplifies empathic forecasts (RAEF)-the perception that an intentional agent's social actions will produce stronger affective responses in others than if those same outcomes were to occur randomly or unintentionally. In Study 1, participants thought that pleasant or aversive videos would elicit stronger reactions when participants themselves (instead of the random determination of a computer) would select the video another would watch. This was explained by responsible agents' own stronger reactions to the stimuli.

The vicarious construal effect: Seeing and experiencing the world through different eyes.

That 2 individuals can look at the same stimulus and experience it differently speaks to the power of construal. People's construals are shaped by their idiosyncratic attitudes, belief systems, and personal histories. Eleven studies provide support for and explain the origin of a vicarious construal effect: Considering perspectives one once had but seemingly lost, one ordinarily would have only with more experience, or one would not have had spontaneously, all exerted an assimilative pull on one's ongoing experiences.

Overestimating the valuations and preferences of others.

People often make judgments about their own and others' valuations and preferences. Across 12 studies ( = 17,594), we find a robust bias in these judgments such that people overestimate the valuations and preferences of others. This overestimation arises because, when making predictions about others, people rely on their intuitive core representation of the experience (e.

Bioinformatic analysis of regulation of natural antisense transcripts by transposable elements in human mRNA.

Non-coding RNA is no longer considered to be "junk" DNA, based on evidence uncovered in recent decades. In particular, the important role played by natural antisense transcripts (NATs) in regulating the expression of genes is receiving increasing attention. However, the regulatory mechanisms of NATs remain incompletely understood.

Paying more when paying for others.

Social behavior is heavily influenced by the perception of the behaviors of others. We considered how perceptions (and misperceptions) of kindness can increase generosity in economic transactions. We investigated how these perceptions can alter behavior in a novel real-life situation that pitted kindness against selfishness.