The effect of goal-directed crystalloid versus colloid administration on postoperative spirometry parameters: a substudy of a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Pulmonary function is impaired after major abdominal surgery and might be less impaired by restrictive fluid administration. Under the assumption of a fluid-sparing effect of colloids, we tested the hypothesis that an intraoperative colloid-based goal-directed fluid management strategy impairs postoperative pulmonary function parameters less compared to goal-directed crystalloid administration.

Methods: We performed a preplanned, single-center substudy within a recently published trial evaluating the effect of goal-directed crystalloids versus colloids on a composite of major complications.

Sex differences in pediatric caudal epidural anesthesia under sedation without primary airway instrumentation.

Study Objective: To identify sex differences associated with caudal epidurals, the most commonly used technique of pediatric regional anesthesia, based on individually validated data of ultrasound-guided blocks performed between 04/2014 and 12/2020.

Methods: Prospectively collected and individually validated data of a cohort of children aged between 0-15 years was analyzed in a retrospective observational study. We included pediatric surgeries involving a primary plan of caudal epidural anesthesia under sedation (without airway instrumentation) and a contingency plan of general anesthesia.

Isolation, Characterization, Genome Analysis and Host Resistance Development of Two Novel Phages Active against Pandrug-Resistant .

is a global health threat and bacteriophages are a potential solution in combating pandrug-resistant infections. Two lytic phages, LASTA and SJM3, active against several pandrug-resistant, nosocomial strains of were isolated and characterized. Their host range is narrow and latent period is particularly long; however, their lysogenic nature was refuted using both bioinformatic and experimental approaches.

Redesigned pMAL expression vector for easy and fast purification of active native antimicrobial peptides.

Aims: The aim of this study was to construct the improved pMAL expression vector to increase the efficacy of purification of small native peptides and their clear-cut separation from MBP tag. The modifications we introduced can be applied to many expression vectors.

Methods And Results: To improve the pMAL expression vector, we introduced the His tag and the enterokinase cleavage site (Ek) downstream from the MBP tag and Xa cleavage site on the original vector.

Isolation, Characterization and Draft Genome Analysis of Bacteriophages Infecting .

Bacterial fruit blotch and seedling blight, caused by , is one of the most destructive diseases of melon and watermelon in many countries. Pathogen-free seed and cultural practices are major pillars of the disease control. However, use of bacteriophages as natural biocontrol agents might also contribute to the disease management.

C-protein α-antigen modulates the lantibiotic thusin resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae.

Screening for producers of potent antimicrobial peptides, resulted in the isolation of Bacillus cereus BGNM1 with strong antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Genome sequence analysis revealed that BGNM1 contains the gene cluster associated with the production of the lantibiotic, thusin, previously identified in B. thuringiensis.

Characterization, Antibiofilm, and Depolymerizing Activity of Two Phages Active on Carbapenem-Resistant .

is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. Its various intrinsic and acquired mechanisms of antibiotic resistance make the therapeutic challenge even more serious. One of the promising alternative treatments that is increasingly highlighted is phage therapy, the therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections.

The effect of intraoperative goal-directed crystalloid versus colloid administration on perioperative inflammatory markers - a substudy of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Excessive perioperative fluid administration may result in iatrogenic endothelial dysfunction and tissue edema, transducing inflammatory markers into the bloodstream. Colloids remain longer in the circulation, requiring less volume to reach similar hemodynamic endpoints compared to crystalloids. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that a goal-directed colloid regimen attenuates the inflammatory response compared to a goal-directed crystalloid regime.

Effect of goal-directed crystalloid- versus colloid-based fluid strategy on tissue oxygen tension: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Sufficient tissue oxygen tension may reduce the risk of postoperative wound infections. Supplemental administration of crystalloids increases subcutaneous oxygen tension (Po). Colloids remain longer in the intravascular system and might therefore increase Po even more than crystalloids.

TSE clearance during plasma products separation process by Gradiflow(TM).

Background And Objectives: Recent experimental evidence from rodent models suggests a potential risk for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) transmission by blood. The emergence of a new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) has raised increased concerns about the safety of blood components and plasma products derived from vCJD-infected donors. Recent risk-minimisation strategies have included a ban on the use of UK-sourced plasma for the preparation of licensed blood products and leukodepletion of blood donations for fear of possible transmission of the human TSE via blood or blood components.

Structural requirements for catalysis, expression, and dimerization in the CD26/DPIV gene family.

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP-IV/CD26), fibroblast activation protein (FAP), DP-like 1 (DPL1), DP8, DP9, and DPL2 comprise the CD26 gene family. CD26/DP-IV has roles in liver disease, T cell costimulation, chemokine biology, type II diabetes, and tumor biology. DPIV substrates include the glucagonlike peptides, neuropeptide Y, and the chemokines CCL3, CCL5, CCL11, CCL22, and CXCL12.