Effect of rejection sensitivity on the development of anxious-depressive attack in Japanese outpatients: The mediating roles of rumination, social anxiety, and depressive symptoms.

Objective: Anxious-depressive attack (ADA) is a cluster of symptoms, including sudden and intense anxiety or depression, intrusive rumination about negative memories or future worries, prominent agitation, impatient behavior, and/or loneliness; in some cases, symptoms include a wide range of violent coping behaviors to manage emotional distress. Four characteristics-rejection sensitivity, rumination, social anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms-are thought to be associated with the development of ADA. However, the complex relationships among these factors have not been clarified.

The anxious-depressive attack severity scale: development and initial validation and reliability.

Background: Anxious-depressive attack (ADA) is a symptom complex that comprises sudden intense feelings of anxiety or depression, intrusive rumination of regretful memories or future worries, emotional distress due to painful thoughts, and coping behaviors to manage emotional distress. ADA has been observed trans-diagnostically across various psychiatric disorders. Although the importance of ADA treatment has been indicated, a scale to measure the severity of ADA has not been developed.