Trends in Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes in Patients With Low-Surgical Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Background: Limited data exist on long-term outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). This meta-analysis aims to elucidate outcome trends following TAVR versus SAVR in patients with severe aortic stenosis and low-surgical risk.

Methods And Results: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases from inception until May 2024, to identify studies comparing TAVR versus SAVR in patients with low-surgical risk (Society of Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality score <4%).

Novel valve-in-surgical bioprosthetic transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Undermining iatrogenic coronary obstruction with radiofrequency needle (UNICORN).

An 86-year-old female with history of surgical aortic valve replacement presented with clinical signs of heart failure. Echocardiography revealed a reduction in left ventricular systolic function and severe bioprosthetic aortic valve dysfunction. This is the first reported case of valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement with concomitant undermining iatrogenic coronary obstruction with radiofrequency needle procedure in a surgical bioprosthetic valve.

Predictive modeling for acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a machine learning approach.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the preventable complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to develop machine learning (ML) models to predict AKI after PCI in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: This study was conducted at Tehran Heart Center from 2015 to 2020.

Novel Methods of Identifying Individual and Neighborhood Risk Factors for Loss to Follow-Up After Ophthalmic Screening.

Prcis: Residence in a middle-class neighborhood correlated with lower follow-up compared with residence in more affluent neighborhoods. The most common explanations for not following up were the process of making an appointment and lack of symptoms.

Purpose: To explore which individual-level and neighborhood-level factors influence follow-up as recommended after positive ophthalmic and primary care screening in a vulnerable population using novel methodologies.

Pericardiocentesis Outcomes in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A Nationwide Analysis from the United States.

Pericardiocentesis (PC) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pericardial effusions has unclear benefits because it has been associated with acute hemodynamic collapse and increased mortality. Data on in-hospital outcomes in this population are limited. The National Inpatient Sample database was used to identify adult patients who underwent PC during hospitalizations between 2016 and 2020.

A Review of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses for Open Angle Glaucoma Management.

Purpose: Cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) quantify and compare both costs and measures of efficacy for different interventions. As the costs of glaucoma management to patients, payers, and physicians are increasing, we seek to investigate the role of CEAs in the field of glaucoma and how such studies impact clinical management.

Methods: We adhered to the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses" guidelines for our systematic review structure.

Environmental influences on ophthalmic conditions: A scoping review.

Background: Environmental factors have been implicated in various eye pathologies. The purpose of this review is to synthesise the published research on environmental effects on eye disease.

Methods: Four databases were searched for terms relating to environmental exposures and ophthalmic disease.

Validation of the New York University Langone Eye Test Application, a Smartphone-Based Visual Acuity Test.

Purpose: To validate and assess user satisfaction and usability of the New York University (NYU) Langone Eye Test application, a smartphone-based visual acuity (VA) test.

Design: Mixed-methods cross-sectional cohort study.

Participants: Two hundred forty-four eyes of 125 participants were included.

Tobacco smoke exacerbates Filifactor alocis pathogenicity.

Aim: Filifactor alocis has recently emerged as a periodontal pathobiont that appears to thrive in the oral cavity of smokers. We hypothesized that identification of smoke-responsive F. alocis genes would provide insight into adaptive strategies and that cigarette smoke would enhance F.

Aspiration of Right Sided Intracardiac Masses in High-Risk Surgical Patients Using AngioVac: A Case Series and Review of Literature.

Management of large right heart thrombi and vegetations is challenging. Medical management may be insufficient to prevent embolization or treat infection. Surgery carries a high mortality and is often not an option for these patients with multiple comorbidities.

Health literacy and ophthalmology: A scoping review.

As of 2020, it is estimated that 43.3 million people are blind, and an additional 553 million have mild to severe vision impairment. At least 1 billion worldwide have a vision impairment that could have been prevented or has yet to be addressed.

Inclisiran: Small Interfering Ribonucleic Acid Injectable for the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia.

Elevated plasma lipid levels, especially low-density lipoprotein, are correlated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and increased risk of ischemic heart disease and stroke. Statins are first-line agents for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and the risk of major cardiovascular events, but patients with a genetic susceptibility or established ASCVD oftentimes remain subtherapeutic on statin therapy alone. Biotechnological advancements in medication therapy have led to the development of inclisiran, a recently approved twice-yearly injectable agent to help patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and clinical ASCVD on a maximally tolerated statin to reach LDL-C targets.

Anesthetic Practice Trends and Perceptions Toward Postoperative Delirium: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.

Background: Delirium is the most common postoperative complication in older adults, though anesthesiologist awareness of delirium prevention guidelines-and associated practice trends-remains unknown.

Methods: This was a convergent mixed-methods study, which simultaneously analyzed quantitative and qualitative data to determine delirium guideline awareness among anesthesiologists and practice patterns based on guideline recommendations. Quantitative data were abstracted from the Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group database for noncardiac surgery patients (2009-2020) aged 65 years and older.

Impact of post-procedural length of stay on short-term outcomes and readmissions after TAVR and MitraClip.

Background: Post-procedural hospital length of stay (P-LOS) is an important determinant of cost-related outcomes. In the present study, we aimed to assess the impact of P-LOS on short-term outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and MitraClip.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, retrieving data from the National Readmissions Database (NRD) for patients who underwent transfemoral TAVR and MitraClip between January 2014 and December 2017.

Delirium and neuropsychological outcomes in critically Ill patients with COVID-19: a cohort study.

Objective: To characterise the clinical course of delirium for patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit, including postdischarge neuropsychological outcomes.

Design: Retrospective chart review and prospective survey study.

Setting: Intensive care units, large academic tertiary-care centre (USA).

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective.

Purpose: Most published systematic reviews have focused on the use of virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) technology in ophthalmology as it relates to surgical training. To date, this is the first review that investigates the current state of VR/AR technology applied more broadly to the entire field of ophthalmology.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched systematically from January 2014 through December 1, 2020.

The diagnostic and prognostic value of near-normal perfusion or borderline ischemia on stress myocardial perfusion imaging.

Background: Data on the diagnostic and prognostic value of subtle abnormalities on myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) are limited.

Methods And Results: In a retrospective single-center cohort of patients who underwent regadenoson SPECT-MPI, near-normal MPI was defined as normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≥ 50%) and a summed stress score (SSS) of 1-3 vs SSS = 0 in normal MPI. Borderline ischemia was defined as normal LVEF, SSS = 1-3, and a summed difference score (SDS) of 1 vs SDS = 0 in the absence of ischemia.

The prognostic utility of regadenoson SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with end-stage renal disease: The largest cohort to date.

Background: There are limited data on the prognostic utility of regadenoson SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Methods And Results: In a single-center, retrospective study, we analyzed consecutive ESRD patients who underwent regadenoson SPECT-MPI. The severity of MPI abnormalities and ischemic burden were determined quantitatively.

Delineating anatomy and function with multimodality imaging: a case report of giant right coronary artery aneurysms.

Background: Giant coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are rare and have been reported in patients with connective tissue diseases, arteritides, and atherosclerosis. Given the rarity of the condition, multimodality imaging is essential for comprehensive evaluation of coronary aneurysms and determination of their haemodynamic significance.

Case Summary: A 58-year-old Filipino female was evaluated for dyspnoea on exertion of one month.

The prognostic value of regadenoson SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging: The largest cohort to date.

Background: Data on the prognostic value of regadenoson SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is limited and based on small cohorts.

Methods And Results: We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 10,275 consecutive patients who underwent regadenoson SPECT-MPI. Among the study subjects, 28.

Prognostic value of regadenoson stress myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with left bundle branch block or ventricular paced rhythm.

Background: Vasodilator stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is the provocative test of choice in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) or ventricular paced (V-paced) rhythm. The prognostic value of regadenoson SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in these patients has not been studied.

Methods And Results: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 562 patients [mean age, 69 ± 11 years; men, 53.

Prognostic significance of ischemic electrocardiographic changes with regadenoson stress myocardial perfusion imaging.

Background: In patients undergoing regadenoson SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), the prognostic value of ischemic ST-segment depression (ST↓) and the optimal ST↓ threshold have not been studied.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients referred for regadenoson stress MPI was conducted. Patients with uninterpretable ECG were excluded.