Association of premature natural and surgical menopause with incidence of depression requiring hospitalization: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Premature menopause is associated with depression in postmenopausal women. However, current evidence ignores the differences between premature natural and surgical menopause, and there is a lack of exploration of the mechanisms underlying the association between premature menopause and depression.

Objective: To examine the association of premature natural and surgical menopause with incidence of depression requiring hospitalization, and to evaluate whether frailty and menopausal hormone therapy are significant factors contributing to a higher incidence of depression requiring hospitalization associated with premature natural and surgical menopause, in comparison to women who experience menopause after age 40.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Dementia Risk Among a Population-Based Cohort: Quantifying the Role of a Broad Combination of Lifestyle Factors.

Objectives: The complex associations of socioeconomic status (SES) and lifestyle with dementia are unclear. Our objective was to examine whether a broad combination of lifestyle factors mediates the associations of SES with incident dementia and the extent of interaction or joint relations of lifestyles and SES with dementia.

Methods: A total of 274,871 participants from the UK Biobank were included.

Total and regional fat-to-muscle mass ratio in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality in men and women.

Context: Fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR) has been considered a potentially useful indicator for assessing disease risk. However, the association between FMR and risk of death remains inconclusive.

Objective: To investigate the associations of FMR (the whole body, trunk, legs and arms) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality by sex.

Association between new-onset atrial fibrillation and dementia among individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To assess the association between new-onset atrial fibrillation and dementia among patients with type 2 diabetes, a group with a high prevalence of atrial fibrillation.

Materials And Methods: This cohort study included 22 989 patients with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank. New-onset atrial fibrillation was ascertained from hospital admission records.

Association of Frailty With Risk of Incident Hospital-Treated Infections in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Large-Scale Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Although frailty is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes, its association with the risk of hospital-treated infections is uncertain.

Methods: A total of 416 220 participants from the UK Biobank were included in this prospective cohort study. Fried phenotype was adopted to evaluate frailty, which included 5 aspects (gait speed, physical activity, grip strength, exhaustion, and weight).

Association of Socioeconomic Status and a Broad Combination of Lifestyle Factors With Adult-Onset Asthma: A Cohort Study.

Background: The prevalence of asthma is gradually increasing worldwide, and there are socioeconomic inequalities in the risk of developing asthma.

Objective: To evaluate whether the lifestyle is associated with asthma in adults, as well as whether and to what extent healthy lifestyles may modify socioeconomic status (SES) inequities in asthma.

Methods: This study included a total of 223,951 participants from the UK Biobank.

Association between weight change and risk of liver fibrosis in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Liver fibrosis plays a key role in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to cirrhosis. Considering weight change is known to be closely associated with increased risk of liver fibrosis, we aimed to address a gap in evidence regarding the existence of this association in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: We included data on 622 T2D patients and 1618 non-T2D participants from the 2017-2018 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Lifestyle Factors in the Association of Shift Work and Depression and Anxiety.

Importance: Shift work may lead to adverse health outcomes. Whether shift work is associated with depression and anxiety, and to what extent lifestyle mediates the associations, remains unknown.

Objective: To explore the associations of shift work, its type, frequency, and working years with anxiety and depression and to examine the potential mediating role of lifestyles.

Prevalence of sleep disturbances and associated factors among Chinese residents: A web-based empirical survey of 2019.

Background: To identify the prevalence of sleep disorders in China through a large sample study. To explore the relevant social determinants affecting residents' sleep status at both individual and provincial levels based on the theoretical framework of the Dahlgren-Whitehead model.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted from January 20 to February 28, 2019 across 31 provinces of China.

Pigeon TBK1 is involved in antiviral innate immunity by mediating IFN activation.

TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), a noncanonical member of the inhibitor-kappaB kinases (IKKs) family, plays a vital role in regulating type-I interferon (IFN) production in mammals and birds. We cloned pigeon TBK1 (PiTBK1) and conducted bioinformatics analyses to compare the protein homology of TBK1 from different species. Overexpression of PiTBK1 in DF-1 cells induced the activation of IFN-β, and this activation positively correlated with the dosage of transfected PiTBK1 plasmids.

25(OH)Vitamin D and autism spectrum disorder: genetic overlap and causality.

Objective: To identify whether there exists a genetic correlation and causal relationship between 25(OH)D and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Based on large-scale genome-wide association studies, a series of genetic approaches were adopted to obtain summary statistics. Using linkage disequilibrium score regression, we assessed the shared polygenic structure between traits and performed pleiotropic analysis under composite null hypothesis (PLACO) to identify pleiotropic loci between complex traits.

Association of biomass fuel use with the risk of vision impairment among Chinese older adults: a cohort study.

Cooking with biomass fuels has been reported to have adverse effects on health. This study aims to explore the association between cooking with biomass fuels and vision impairment among Chinese older adults aged 65 years and above. This cohort study drew on data from the 2011/2012 wave and the 2014 follow-up wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.

Engagement in leisure activities and cognitive function by socioeconomic groups in China: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate whether the effects of leisure activities on cognition differ among socioeconomic groups and the effects of changes in the frequency of habitual leisure activities on cognition.

Methods: We included 5869 older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2008-2014). Five typical leisure activities were used to calculate the Leisure Activity Index (LAI).

Association of social participation and psychological resilience with adverse cognitive outcomes among older Chinese adults: A national longitudinal study.

Background: Limited epidemiological evidence exists regarding the association of social participation and psychological resilience with cognitive health. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of social participation and psychological resilience on adverse cognitive outcomes among older adults in China.

Methods: We used two waves (2011 and 2014) of data from the Chinese Longitudinal Survey of Health and Longevity (CLHLS), and 9765 respondents were eligible for the subsequent screening for the present prospective analysis.

Subjective poverty, mental health, and mortality among Chinese older people: a prospective cohort study from 2008 to 2018.

Purpose: The associations of duration of subjective poverty and poverty status with mortality among older people remains inconclusive, and the underlying mechanisms of mental health on them are rarely discussed in population-based epidemiological studies.

Methods: We used the data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) (2008-2018). The Cox regression model was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality.

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization to explore the causal relationships between Sleep traits, Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: Sleep disturbances have been linked with Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in observational studies, and the comorbidity of PD and ALS has been reported in clinical case reports, but the causalities remain unclear. This study aims to examine bidirectional causal relationships between sleep traits, PD and ALS.

Methods: Bidirectional two sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses were conducted, with data from individuals of mainly European ancestry.

Association of food groups with the risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults.

Objective: To investigate the impact of 10 common foods (including staple foods, fruits, vegetables, sugar, meat, fish, eggs, beans, salt-preserved vegetables, and garlic) on cognitive function in Chinese older adults.

Methods: Cross-sectional data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and dietary habits were taken from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Cognition was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Association of the serum transaminase with mortality among the US elderly population.

Background And Aim: Considering the inconsistent findings of research into the associations between serum levels of liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT]) and mortality among elderly people, we aimed to investigate the associations of ALT, AST, GGT, and De-Ritis ratio (DRR, defined as AST/ALT) and all-cause or cause-specific mortality among the US elderly people using National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data.

Methods: We included 6415 elderly participants (≥ 65 years). Exclusion criteria included positive test for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus infection at baseline.

Relationship between dietary niacin intake and diabetes mellitus in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2018.

Purposes: Previous studies show inconsistent associations between niacin supplementation and diabetes mellitus (DM) in high-risk population, but little is known about the relationship between dietary intake of niacin and DM in the generation population. Our study aimed to explore the associations of dietary niacin intake with the risk of DM in the United States (US) adult population.

Methods: These data were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2018 of 35,606 individuals aged 20 years or older.

MiR-20b-5p contributes to the dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting MAGI3 in hypertension.

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), have been frequently reported to regulate various diseases including hypertension. However, the biological role and regulatory mechanism of miR-20b-5p are unclear in hypertension. The current study aimed to investigate the role of miR-20b-5p in hypertension.

Association between self-reported depression and risk of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality.

Background: Depression is a prevalent and disabling mental disorder that frequently co-occurs with a wide range of chronic conditions. Past evidence suggests that depression could be associated with the all-cause mortality and other disease mortality in Western populations, but little is known about the relationship in the Chinese population. Therefore, we investigated the associations between self-reported depression and all-cause and specific-cause mortality in Chinese adult populations.

Cooking with biomass fuels and mortality among Chinese elderly people: A prospective cohort study.

This study used data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (n = 9765, age 65+) to investigate the impact of biomass fuels on the mortality of the Chinese elderly population. The association between biomass fuels and mortality was examined using a Cox proportional hazards model. We evaluated the difference in risk of death between those who switched fuel types from biomass to clean fuels and from clean to biomass fuels versus those who did not during the follow-up period.

Dose-response association of early-life antibiotic exposure and subsequent overweight or obesity in children: A meta-analysis of prospective studies.

The objective of this study is to investigate the dose-response relationship between antibiotic exposure in early life and the risk of subsequent overweight or obesity. Electronic databases were searched from inception to December 2020. Prospective studies that reported the odds ratios (ORs) of childhood overweight or obesity for three or more quantitative categories of antibiotic exposure were identified.