Coated cysteamine and choline chloride could be potential feed additives to mitigate the harmful effects of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens caused by high-energy low-protein diet.

The research aimed to examine the impact of coated cysteamine (CS) and choline chloride (CC) on relieving the pathological effects of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in laying hens. FLHS was induced by a high-energy low-protein (HELP) diet. Ninety laying hens were equally divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment (3 hens/replicate).

Monobutyrin Can Regulate the Gut Microbiota, Which Is Beneficial for the Development of Intestinal Barrier Function and Intestinal Health in Weaned Mice.

In this study, we investigated the effect of monobutyrin (MB) on the gut microbiota and intestinal health of weaned mice. MB was administered via gavage to 21-day-old weaned mice. Samples of small intestinal and ileal contents were collected on day 1, day 7, and day 21 post-administration.

A paradigm for characterizing motion misperception in people with typical vision and low vision.

Purpose: We aimed to develop a paradigm that can efficiently characterize motion percepts in people with low vision and compare their responses with well-known misperceptions made by people with typical vision when targets are hard to see.

Methods: We recruited a small cohort of individuals with reduced acuity and contrast sensitivity (n = 5) as well as a comparison cohort with typical vision (n = 5) to complete a psychophysical study. Study participants were asked to judge the motion direction of a tilted rhombus that was either high or low contrast.

An adaptive biodegradable zinc alloy with bidirectional regulation of bone homeostasis for treating fractures and aged bone defects.

Healing of fractures or bone defects is significantly hindered by overactivated osteoclasts and inhibited osteogenesis in patients with abnormal bone metabolism. Current clinical approaches using titanium alloys or stainless steel provide mechanical support but have no biological effects on bone regeneration. Therefore, designing and fabricating degradable metal materials with sufficient mechanical strength and bidirectional regulation of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts is a substantial challenge.

Effects of on Lipid Metabolism, Intestinal Barrier Function, and Gut Microbiota in Obese Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet.

Obesity and its complications constitute a main threat to global human health. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the influences of (Ct) on lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier function, and intestinal microbiome in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). After establishing the obesity model, 10 CFU/mL and 10 CFU/mL were used to intervene in HFD-fed mice by gavage for six weeks, and indexes related to obesity were measured.

Influence of porosity on osteogenesis, bone growth and osteointegration in trabecular tantalum scaffolds fabricated by additive manufacturing.

Porous tantalum implants are a class of materials commonly used in clinical practice to repair bone defects. However, the cumbersome and problematic preparation procedure have limited their widespread application. Additive manufacturing has revolutionized the design and process of orthopedic implants, but the pore architecture feature of porous tantalum scaffolds prepared from additive materials for optimal osseointegration are unclear, particularly the influence of porosity.

The effect of spatial structure on binocular contrast perception.

To obtain a single percept of the world, the visual system must combine inputs from the two eyes. Understanding the principles that govern this binocular combination process has important real-world clinical and technological applications. However, most research examining binocular combination has relied on relatively simple visual stimuli and it is unclear how well the findings apply to real-world scenarios.

Butyrate Glycerides Protect against Intestinal Inflammation and Barrier Dysfunction in Mice.

This study investigates the attenuating effects of butyrate glycerides (BG) on intestinal inflammatory responses and barrier dysfunction induced by LPS stimulation. An initial dose-response test was carried out to identify the optimal dose of BG for further testing. The mice were given intragastric administration of BG at different doses followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intraperitoneal injection.

The use of social media inside and outside the classroom to enhance students' engagement in EFL contexts.

It could be claimed that without any doubt the Internet has revolutionized the educational system to a great extent. Even though some are still interested in traditional ways of teaching and learning and also face-to-face classes, technological advances, in particular, social media have changed the English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts in a way that they will not be compatible with any other methods that have long been utilized before. Despite the fact that some studies have been conducted in different learning contexts, to the researcher's best knowledge, attention has not been focused on the importance of social media inside and outside the classroom on EFL students' indulgence.

The role of English as a foreign language learners' grit and foreign language anxiety in their willingness to communicate: Theoretical perspectives.

Learners' willingness to communicate in a foreign language is regarded as a critical issue in educational contexts, so the role of emotional factors in learners' willingness to communicate has drawn the attention of investigators. This review investigated the studies on the relationship between English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' grit, foreign language anxiety, and willingness to communicate. This review showed a significant relationship between learners' grit and willingness to communicate.

Chitosan Oligosaccharide Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction through Suppressing the Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in Mice.

This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal injury. The results demonstrated that COS improved the mucosal morphology of the jejunum and colon in LPS-challenged mice. COS alleviated the LPS-induced down-regulation of tight junction protein expressions and reduction of goblet cells number and mucin expression.

Gut Microbiota-Derived Resveratrol Metabolites, Dihydroresveratrol and Lunularin, Significantly Contribute to the Biological Activities of Resveratrol.

Although resveratrol (RES) is barely detectable in the plasma and tissues upon oral consumption, collective evidence reveals that RES presents various bioactivities , including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer. This paradox necessitates further research on profiling and characterizing the biotransformation of RES, as its metabolites may contribute profound biological effects. After 4-week oral administration, 11 metabolites of RES were identified and quantified in mice by HPLC-MS/MS, including dihydro-resveratrol (DHR), lunularin (LUN), and conjugates (sulfates and glucuronides) of RES, DHR and LUN.

Effect of β-Mannanase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Ileal Digestibility, Carcass Traits, Intestinal Morphology, and Meat Quality in Broilers Fed Low-ME Diets.

Experiment was designed to analyze the effect of low caloric diets, supplemented with β-mannanase on growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and other parameters in broilers. In this study, 400 broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatments (Cont: without β-mannanase; LM-30, MM-60, and HM-90: supplemented with 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg β-mannanase, respectively). Dietary metabolizable energy (ME) in Cont was standard (starter diet 3100 kcal/kg; finisher diet 3200 kcal/kg) and reduced by 30, 60, and 90 kcal/kg, correspondingly in β-mannanase-supplemented treatments.

Early Emergent and Progressive Aberrant Subchondral Bone Remodeling Coupled with Aggravated Cartilage Degeneration in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Objective: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common skeletal development in children and could result in secondary osteoarthritis. This study aims to clarify the alternations of subchondral trabecular bone remodeling and microstructural properties during the development of DDH, and the potential influence of these alternations on the overlying cartilage degeneration and DDH progression.

Design: Traditional straight-leg swaddling method was adopted to establish DDH model in newborn Sprague Dawley rats.

A Re-examination of Dichoptic Tone Mapping.

Dichoptic tone mapping methods aim to leverage stereoscopic displays to increase visual detail and contrast in images and videos. These methods, which have been called both and , selectively emphasize contrast differently in the two eyes' views. The visual system integrates these contrast differences into a unified percept, which is theorized to contain more contrast overall than each eye's view on its own.

Felodipine enhances aminoglycosides efficacy against implant infections caused by methicillin-resistant , persisters and biofilms.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA), biofilms, and persisters are three major factors leading to recurrent and recalcitrant implant infections. Although antibiotics are still the primary treatment for chronic implant infections in clinical, only few drugs are effective in clearing persisters and formed biofilms. Here, felodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, was reported for the first time to have antibacterial effects against MRSA, biofilm, and persisters.

Multi-Mode Antibacterial Strategies Enabled by Gene-Transfection and Immunomodulatory Nanoparticles in 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Synergistic Exogenous and Endogenous Treatment of Infections.

As research on refractory Staphylococcus aureus-related implant infection intensifies, certain challenges remain, including low antibiotic concentrations within infected areas, immune escape achieved by intracellular bacteria, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) inducing regional immunosuppression, and recurrence of residual pathogenic bacteria after drug suspension. Herein, a novel antimicrobial system to simultaneously address these issues is proposed. Specifically, an oxygen-species-responsive 3D-printed scaffold with shell-core nanoparticles is designed, which are loaded with an antimicrobial peptide plasmid (LL37 plasmid) and have LL37 grafted on their surface (LL37@ZIF8-LL37).

Targeting ferroptosis suppresses osteocyte glucolipotoxicity and alleviates diabetic osteoporosis.

Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is the leading complication continuously threatening the bone health of patients with diabetes. A key pathogenic factor in DOP is loss of osteocyte viability. However, the mechanism of osteocyte death remains unclear.

Effect of partially replacing soybean meal with sunflower meal with supplementation of multienzymes on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, ileal digestibility, digestive enzyme activity and caecal microbiota in broilers.

Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) with sunflower meal (SFM) with added exogenous multienzymes (MEs) on various biological parameters in broilers.

Methods: One week-old, 400 broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatments (control, 3SFM, 6SFM, and 9SFM) with 5 replicates/treatment (20 chicks/replicate). Control diet was without SFM and MEs, while diets of 3SFM, 6SFM, and 9SFM treatments were prepared by replacing SBM with SFM at levels of 3%, 6%, and 9%, respectively, and were supplemented with MEs (100 mg/kg).

Effect of multi-enzymes supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, ileal digestibility, digestive enzyme activity and caecal microbiota in broilers fed low-metabolizable energy diet.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using low energy diet with multi-enzymes supplementation on different biological parameters in broilers.

Methods: Three hundred Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into three groups (Cont, standard metabolizable energy(ME); L-ME, ME reduced by 50 kcal/kg without enzyme; and L-ME-MES, L-ME diet was supplemented with multi-enzymes) with five replicates per group (20 chicks per replicate) at the start of second week. Grower and finisher diets were formulated according to breed specific guide and offered with free access in respective phase (two weeks for grower [8 to 21 d]; two weeks for finisher [22 to 35 d]).

An updated review on probiotics as an alternative of antibiotics in poultry - A review.

Antibiotics used to be supplemented to animal feeds as growth promoter and as an effective strategy to reduce the burden of pathogenic bacteria present in the gastro-intestinal tract. However, in-feed antibiotics also kill bacteria that may be beneficial to the animal. Secondly, unrestricted use of antibiotics enhanced the antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria.