Risk factors and incidence of oral tumors: Findings from a longitudinal population-based study.

Objective: This study investigated risk factors contributed to benign and malignant oral tumors using longitudinal cohort big data.

Materials And Methods: We included individuals aged ≥40 years who participated in the National Health Examination in South Korea between 2003 and 2004. National Health Insurance claims data after 16 years were used to determine the incidence of oral tumors and the related risk factors.

Novel Variant in Causes Protein Mislocalization and Leads to Nonsyndromic Autosomal Recessive Type of Progressive Hearing Loss.

Genetic hearing loss is the most common hereditary sensorial disorder. Though more than 120 genes associated with deafness have been identified, unveiled causative genes and variants of diverse types of hearing loss remain. Herein, we identified a novel nonsense homozygous variant in (c.

Associations of Perioperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion With Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation in Korea Over a 16-Year Period.

Background: This study investigated the associations between transfusion of different types of red blood cell (RBC) preparations and kidney allograft outcomes after kidney transplantation (KT) over a 16-year period in Korea using a nationwide population-based cohort.

Methods: We investigated the reported use of RBCs during hospitalization for KT surgery, rejection, and graft failure status using nationwide data from the National Health Information Database (2002-2017). The associations between the type of perioperative RBC product and transplant outcomes were evaluated among four predefined groups: no RBC transfusion, filtered RBCs, washed RBCs, and packed RBCs (pRBCs).

The Risk of Major Depressive Disorder Due to Cataracts among the Korean Elderly Population: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2016 and 2018.

Cataracts and major depressive disorder (MDD) both have high prevalence, representing for major health burdens globally. In this study, we examined the risk of MDD due to cataracts. Data from the 2016 to 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used, including 4122 participants.

LCCL peptide cleavage after noise exposure exacerbates hearing loss and is associated with the monocyte infiltration in the cochlea.

Unlabelled: Acoustic trauma induces an inflammatory response in the cochlea, resulting in debilitating hearing function. Clinically, amelioration of inflammation substantially prevents noise-induced hearing loss. The Limulus factor C, Cochlin, and Lgl1 (LCCL) peptide plays an important role in innate immunity during bacteria-induced inflammation in the cochlea.

De Novo Cancer Incidence after Kidney Transplantation in South Korea from 2002 to 2017.

Advances in patient care and immunosuppressive drugs have improved graft survival, resulting in an increase in kidney transplantation (KT); however, persistent immunosuppression is thought to cause late occurrence of cancer. This population-based study consisted of a total of 14,842 patients whose data from the years 2002 to 2017 were collected from the National Health Information Database in South Korea. Malignancies occurred in 7.

Outcomes of kidney transplantation over a 16-year period in Korea: An analysis of the National Health Information Database.

Background: This study investigated the outcomes of kidney transplantation (KT) over a 16-year period in Korea and identified risk factors for graft failure using a nationwide population-based cohort.

Methods: We investigated the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database. Health insurance claims for patients who underwent KT between 2002 and 2017 were analyzed.

A population-based epidemiology of Wilson's disease in South Korea between 2010 and 2016.

Very few population-based studies have examined the epidemiology of Wilson's disease (WD). We investigated the epidemiology of WD using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database in South Korea. We analyzed not only the statistical variables of WD, but also those of WD-related diseases.

An Isoform-Selective PTP1B Inhibitor Derived from Nitrogen-Atom Augmentation of Radicicol.

A library of natural products and their derivatives was screened for inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B, which is a validated drug target for the treatment of obesity and type II diabetes. Of those active in the preliminary assay, the most promising was compound containing a novel pyrrolopyrazoloisoquinolone scaffold derived by treating radicicol () with hydrazine. This nitrogen-atom augmented radicicol derivative was found to be PTP1B selective relative to other highly homologous nonreceptor PTPs.

Temperature as a risk factor of emergency department visits for acute kidney injury: a case-crossover study in Seoul, South Korea.

Background: Previous studies show that escalations in ambient temperature are among the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI). However, it has not been adequately studied in our location, Seoul, South Korea. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between ambient temperatures and AKI morbidity using emergency department (ED) visit data.

The effect of missing teeth on dementia in older people: a nationwide population-based cohort study in South Korea.

Background: To determine the effect of missing teeth on the risk of dementia onset among individuals who received tooth extractions and those who did not, based on the number of missing teeth.

Methods: We selected individuals who had not been diagnosed or treated for dementia between 2002 to 2011 from the National Health Insurance Service-Elderly Cohort Database (NHIS-ECD). We divided participants into two cohorts, a tooth extraction and non-extraction cohort, based on tooth loss from 2002 to 2011.

Analysis of red blood cell use in elective surgeries over 12 years in Korea.

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a lifesaving process for patients with perioperative bleeding, but transfusion can cause adverse events. Effective utilization and management of blood products as a limited resource is essential when considering cost-efficiency and patient safety.

Study Design And Methods: We analyzed the number of RBC units used during the hospitalization of patients who had undergone surgical procedures from 2002 to 2013 using National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort data, which include a total of 487,238 cases for 206 selected operations.

Pathological Modification of TDP-43 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis with SOD1 Mutations.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, adult-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no known cure. Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) was the first identified protein associated with familial ALS (fALS). Recently, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) has been found to be a principal component of ubiquitinated cytoplasmic inclusions in neurons and glia in ALS.

Functional Test Scales for Evaluating Cell-Based Therapies in Animal Models of Spinal Cord Injury.

Recently, spinal cord researchers have focused on multifaceted approaches for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, as there is no cure for the deficits produced by SCI, various therapeutic strategies have been examined using animal models. Due to the lack of standardized functional assessment tools for use in such models, it is important to choose a suitable animal model and precise behavioral test when evaluating the efficacy of potential SCI treatments.

Arsenic Compromises Both p97 and Proteasome Functions.

Exposure to arsenic is a worldwide problem that affects more than 200 million people. The underlying mechanisms of arsenic toxicity have been difficult to ascertain due to arsenic's pleotropic effects. A number of recent investigations have shown that arsenic can compromise protein quality control through the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) or the endoplasmic reticulum associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway.

The Impact of In-Home Services Utilization on the Institutionalization of Older People in Korea.

As a result of aging populations, institutionalization of older people is creating an increasing financial burden in many countries. The purpose of the present study was to explore the impact of in-home service utilization on institutionalization. The subjects were newly certified as eligible for long-term care insurance between January and February 2009 in Korea.

Selective inhibition of p97 by chlorinated analogues of dehydrocurvularin.

The ATPase p97 is a ubiquitin targeted segregase that uses the energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to extract ubiquitylated substrates from biological membranes, from other proteins, or from protein complexes to carry out myriad tasks in eukaryotes. Increased p97 activity has been linked to a poor prognosis in cancer patients, making p97 an anti-neoplastic target. In the present study, we show that dehydrocurvularin (DHC) and its chlorinated variants are covalent inhibitors of p97, interfering with its ATPase activity.

Dual Unnatural Amino Acid Incorporation and Click-Chemistry Labeling to Enable Single-Molecule FRET Studies of p97 Folding.

Many cellular functions are critically dependent on the folding of complex multimeric proteins, such as p97, a hexameric multidomain AAA+ chaperone. Given the complex architecture of p97, single-molecule (sm) FRET would be a powerful tool for studying folding while avoiding ensemble averaging. However, dual site-specific labeling of such a large protein for smFRET is a significant challenge.

Withaferin A Analogs That Target the AAA+ Chaperone p97.

Understanding the mode of action (MOA) of many natural products can be puzzling with mechanistic clues that seem to lack a common thread. One such puzzle lies in the evaluation of the antitumor properties of the natural product withaferin A (WFA). A variety of seemingly unrelated pathways have been identified to explain its activity, suggesting a lack of selectivity.

Spirohexenolide A targets human macrophage migration inhibitory factor (hMIF).

Spirohexenolides A and B comprise a unique family of spirotetronate natural products. We report on the identification of their binding to and modulation of human macrophage migration inhibitor factor (hMIF). Using an immunoaffinity-fluorescent labeling method, the properties of this interaction are detailed and evidence is provided that hMIF plays a key role in the cytostatic activity of the spirohexenolides.

Metabolic perturbation of an essential pathway: evaluation of a glycine precursor of coenzyme A.

Pantetheine and its corresponding disulfide pantethine play a key role in metabolism as building blocks of coenzyme A (CoA), an essential cofactor utilized in ~4% of primary metabolism and central to fatty acid, polyketide, and nonribosomal peptide synthases. Using a combination of recombinant engineering and chemical synthesis, we show that the disulfide of N-pantoylglycyl-2-aminoethanethiol (GlyPan), with one fewer carbon than pantetheine, can rescue a mutant E. coli strain MG1655ΔpanC lacking a functional pantothenate synthetase.