Effect of Sarcopenia on Pneumonia after Endoscopic Submucosal Resection in Patients Aged ≥65 Years: A Retrospective Study.

We aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and incidence of pneumonia after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients aged ≥65 years. Patients with ( = 1571) and without sarcopenia ( = 1718) who underwent ESD for gastric neoplasm were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed between the groups ( = 785) at a 1:1 ratio.

Hyperammonemia induces microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation via mitochondrial oxidative stress in hepatic encephalopathy.

Background: The role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is unclear. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) is a signal for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether mtROS-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved in HE, using in vivo and in vitro models.

Effects of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine on Immunomodulation in Uterine Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Objective: Dexmedetomidine has sympatholytic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects and may exert anti-tumor effect by acting on α2A adrenoreceptor. We investigated whether perioperative dexmedetomidine preserves immune function in patients undergoing uterine cancer surgery.

Methods: One hundred patients were randomly assigned to the control or dexmedetomidine groups (50 patients each).

Effect of Perioperative Intravenous Iron Supplementation for Complex Cardiac Surgery on Transfusion Requirements: A Randomized, Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Trial.

Objectives: We investigated whether routine perioperative intravenous iron replenishment reduces the requirement for packed erythrocytes (pRBC) transfusion.

Summary Of Background Data: Patients undergoing complex cardiac surgery are at high risk of developing postoperative iron deficiency anemia, thus requiring transfusion, which is associated with adverse outcomes.

Methods: Patients were randomized to receive either ferric derisomaltose 20 mg/kg (n = 103) or placebo (n = 101) twice during the perioperative period: 3 days before and after the surgery.

Combination of Static Echocardiographic Indices for the Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Coronary Surgery: A Pilot Study.

We investigated the role of echocardiographic indices consisting of left ventricular end-diastolic area (LVEDA) in combination with Doppler-derived surrogates of diastolic compliance and filling (E/E', E'/S', E'/A'; early transmitral flow velocity (E), tissue Doppler-derived early (E') diastolic, late (A') diastolic, or peak systolic (S') velocity of the mitral annulus) in predicting fluid responsiveness in off-pump coronary surgery. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic variables were prospectively assessed under general anesthesia before and after a fluid challenge of 6 mL/kg during apnea at atmospheric pressure in 64 patients with LV ejection fraction ≥40%. Forty patients (63%) were fluid responders (≥15% increase in stroke volume index).