Upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) genomic profiling and correlation regarding benefit of platinum-based chemotherapy.

Upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) are rare subsets of urothelial cancer, which typically present with more aggressive course. Molecular markers stratifying urothelial tumors as luminal subtype and non-luminal subtype tumors have been proposed to select patients who may have greater or lesser benefit from neoadjuvant systemic therapy in bladder cancer, though not yet evaluated in UTUC. Here, a single-institution study retrospectively obtained clinical and genomic information in patients with UTUC and evaluated four patient tumors using the Decipher Bladder assay and Foundation Medicine test.

The Rapidly Evolving Treatment Landscape of Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.

The management of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) or castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) has become increasingly complex with the tremendous progress that has been made in this space within the past few decades. In the early days of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), ADT monotherapy was the mainstay for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. However, novel hormone therapies in the form of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) have emerged; vaccine therapy, chemotherapy with docetaxel and cabazitaxel, and radioactive ligands have shaped the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer in the last decade.

Fat Embolism Syndrome Mimicking Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Patient With Hemoglobin S/Beta-Thalassemia.

Thrombotic microangiopathies cause ischemic organ damage and require urgent management for a favorable prognosis. Fat embolism syndrome from bone marrow necrosis is a rare and unique pathology that carries a high mortality rate. It can mimic thrombotic microangiopathies such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).

Mechanistic Insights on Localized to Metastatic Prostate Cancer Transition and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer among American men. Multiple mechanisms are involved in tumorigenesis and progression to metastases. While androgen deprivation therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, progression to castration-resistant disease becomes inevitable.

Diagnosis and treatment principle in medicine: original symptom.

The purpose of this review was to demonstrate the definition of the original symptom (OS) and how it works in medical procedures as to the medicine based on the Jema Lee's (). OS is defined as the sum of all clinical information featured by an individual's intrinsic characteristics as and health state prior to onset. It is the key factor in the clinical application of medicine including the diagnosis of constitutional type and symptomatology because the imbalance of metabolic functions of each originates from that.

Morality and longevity in the viewpoint of medicine.

The concepts of morality and health of humans are discussed from the viewpoint of medicine, as described by Je-Ma Lee in his books and . medicine suggests that human beings exist with qualities of "heavenly loom," "humanly affair," and "nature and conduct in following parts." In addition, medicine classifies people into the following four Sasang types: Tae-Yang, So-Yang, Tae-Eum, and So-Eum.

Effects of traditional Chinese herbal medicine San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang on gastrointestinal motility in mice.

Aim: To investigate the effects of San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang (SHXXT), a herbal product used in traditional Chinese medicine, on gastrointestinal (GI) motility in mice.

Methods: The in vivo effects of SHXXT on GI motility were investigated by measuring the intestinal transit rates (ITRs) using Evans blue in normal mice and in mice with experimentally induced GI motility dysfunction (GMD).

Results: In normal ICR mice, ITRs were significantly and dose-dependently increased by SHXXT (0.

The AMPK pathway mediates an anti-adipogenic effect of fruits of Hovenia dulcis Thunb.

Hovenia dulcis Thunb. is well known as a treatment for liver disease. Several studies have demonstrated that extracts of Hovenia dulcis Thunb.

Effects of Korean red ginseng (Panax Ginseng Meyer) on bisphenol A exposure and gynecologic complaints: single blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety.

Background: Korean red ginseng (KRG) is a processed ginseng from raw ginseng to enhance safety, preservation and efficacy, known having beneficial effects on women's health due to its estrogen like function. While estrogen supplementation showed some modulation of endocrine disrupting chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) has been focused as a potential endocrine disrupting chemical. In this study, we examined the efficacy and safety outcomes of KRG against BPA, focusing on female quality of life (QOL).

Involvement of MAPKs and PLC pathways in modulation of pacemaking activity by So-Cheong-Ryong-Tang in interstitial cells of Cajal from murine small intestine.

Purpose: Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are the pacemaker cells that generate slow waves in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We have aimed to investigate the effects of Socheongryong-Tang (SCRT) in ICCs from mouse's small intestine.

Methods: The whole-cell patch-clamp configuration was used to record membrane potentials from cultured ICCs.

The antiinflammatory mechanism of Igongsan in mouse peritoneal macrophages via suppression of NF-κB/Caspase-1 activation.

Unlabelled: Igongsan (IGS), which is an herbal prescription composed of five different herbs, Ginseng Radix (root of Panax ginseng, Araliaceae), Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (rhizome of Atractylodes Macrocephala, Compositae), Poria Sclerotium (sclerotium of Poria cocos, Polyporaceae), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Leguminosae), and Citri Unshius Pericarpium (Peel of Citrus unshiu, Rutaceae), has been traditionally used in Korea to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated to elucidate the mechanism responsible for IGS's antiinflammatory effect in mouse peritoneal macrophages. The findings demonstrate that IGS inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokine and prostaglandins E2 .

Digestive system-related pathophysiological symptoms of Sasang typology: Systematic review.

The purpose of this study was to review clinical studies on digestive system-related pathophysiological symptoms of each Sasang type to obtain the generalizable typespecific clinical features, which are important for the diagnosis of the Sasang type and subsequent disease treatment. Sasang typology and digestive system symptom-related keywords were used to search through eight domestic and foreign databases up to March 2012. The results were organized and analyzed based on four categories [digestive function, appetite, eating pattern, and body mass index (BMI)] to elucidate type-specific symptoms.

Effects of Lizhong Tang on cultured mouse small intestine interstitial cells of Cajal.

Aim: To investigate the effects of Lizhong Tang, an herbal product used in traditional Chinese medicine, on mouse small intestine interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs).

Methods: Enzymatic digestions were used to dissociate ICCs from mouse small intestine tissues. The ICCs were morphologically distinct from other cell types in culture and were identified using phase contrast microscopy after verification with anti c-kit antibody.