Dual-functional metal-organic framework for chemisorption and colorimetric monitoring of cyanogen chloride.

Given the growing concern over the deployment of toxic chemicals in warfare, the rapid and accurate removal and detection of cyanogen chloride (CK) as a blood agent has become increasingly critical. However, conventional physisorbents and chemisorbents used in military respirators are insufficient for the effective removal of CK. In this study, we demonstrate the chemisorption and sensing abilities of Co(m-DOBDC) (m-DOBDC = 4,6-dioxo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate) for CK via electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) in humid environments.

Bayesian predictive modeling for gas purification using breakthrough curves.

This study proposes a predictive model for assessing adsorber performance in gas purification processes, specifically targeting the removal of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) using breakthrough curve analysis. Conventional parameter estimation methods, such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, encounter challenges due to the limited availability of kinetic and equilibrium data for CWAs. To overcome these challenges, we implement a Bayesian parametric inference method, facilitating direct parameter estimation from breakthrough curves.

Ultralight and Ultrathin Electrospun Membranes with Enhanced Air Permeability for Chemical and Biological Protection.

With the growing interest in chemical and biological warfare agents (CWAs/BWAs), the focus has shifted toward aerosol protection using protective clothing. However, compared to air-permeable membranes, those with water vapor permeability have been investigated more extensively. Filtering membranes without air permeability have limited practical usage in personal protective suits and masks.

Ag-exchanged mesoporous chromium terephthalate with sulfonate for removing radioactive methyl iodide at extremely low concentrations in humid environments.

The development of efficient adsorbents to remove radioactive methyl iodide (CHI) in humid environments is crucial for air purification after pollution by nuclear power plant waste. In this work, we successfully prepared a post-synthetic covalent modified MIL-101 with a sulfonate group followed by the ion-exchange of Ag (I), which is well characterized by diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the hydrophobic index (HI). After modification of the MOFs, we applied functionalized MIL-101 obtained by either one-pot synthesis (MIL-101-SOAg) or a post-synthetic modification process (MIL-101-RSOAg, R = NH(CH)) to remove the CHI at an extremely low concentration (0.

Bi-MOF derived micro/meso-porous Bi@C nanoplates for high performance lithium-ion batteries.

Micro/meso-porous Bi@C nanoplates are synthesized by pyrolyzing Bi-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) prepared by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method to overcome huge volume expansion and pulverization of anode materials during battery operation. The Bi@C nanoplates are composed of ∼10-50 nm Bi nanoparticles in an amorphous carbon shell. The material shows very high capacity (556 mA h g-1) after 100 cycles at 100 mA g-1 and good cycling performance.

Zr(OH)/GO Nanocomposite for the Degradation of Nerve Agent Soman (GD) in High-Humidity Environments.

Zirconium hydroxide, Zr(OH) is known to be highly effective for the degradation of chemical nerve agents. Due to the strong interaction force between Zr(OH) and the adsorbed water, however, Zr(OH) rapidly loses its activity for nerve agents under high-humidity environments, limiting real-world applications. Here, we report a nanocomposite material of Zr(OH) and graphene oxide (GO) which showed enhanced stability in humid environments.

Liquid-repellent textile surfaces using zirconium (Zr)-based porous materials and a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane coating.

Hypothesis: The development of clothing that protects soldiers in the battlefield against wetting and chemical/biological (CB) warfare agents is of utmost importance. There are many examples in nature where the structures of some surfaces render them resistant to particular liquids. Hence, it should be possible to prepare an omniphobic textile surface that repels both water and liquid chemical warfare agents by combining a zirconium (Zr)-based porous metal-organic framework (MOF) or metal oxide and a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) to control the surface structure.

Magnesium Exchanged Zirconium Metal-Organic Frameworks with Improved Detoxification Properties of Nerve Agents.

, and metal-organic frameworks exhibit a differentiated reactivity toward [Mg(OMe)(MeOH)] related to their pore accessibility. Microporous remains unchanged while mesoporous and hierarchical micro/mesoporous materials yield doped systems containing exposed MgZrO(OH) clusters in the mesoporous cavities. This modification is responsible for a remarkable enhancement of the catalytic activity toward the hydrolytic degradation of P-F and P-S bonds of toxic nerve agents, at room temperature, in unbuffered aqueous solutions.

Degradation of chemical warfare agents over cotton fabric functionalized with UiO-66-NH.

Herein, cotton fabric was treated with an alkaline solution to increase the content of surface hydroxyl groups and then functionalized with UiO-66-NH, a nanoporous metal-organic framework. Instrumental analysis of the thus treated fabric revealed that its surface was covered with UiO-66-NH crystals in a uniform manner. The ability of the functionalized fabric to degrade two chemical warfare agents (soman and sulfur mustard) was probed by testing its permeability to these two agents (swatch testing), and the excellent degradation performance was concluded to be well suited for a broad range of filtration and decontamination applications.

Rapid Capture and Hydrolysis of a Sulfur Mustard Gas in Silver-Ion-Exchanged Zeolite Y.

Sulfur mustard gas, also called HD, is one of the main chemical warfare agents and has claimed thousands of lives and left many more contaminated. The development of functional materials to promptly capture and detoxify sulfur mustard within a few minutes is extremely important to save the lives of the affected people. This has motivated us to explore excellent detoxification systems that can be deployed in the field to rapidly capture and hydrolyze mustard gas in a short time.

Bismuth oxide as a high capacity anode material for sodium-ion batteries.

A bismuth oxide electrode, delivering high capacity, as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries was simply prepared. The electrochemical properties of bismuth oxide were studied by operando X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy and ex situ X-ray diffraction methods. A bismuth oxide/carbon composite showed enhanced cycle stability at high current densities.

A simple L-cysteine-assisted method for the growth of MoS2 nanosheets on carbon nanotubes for high-performance lithium ion batteries.

We introduce a simple process to synthesize few-layered MoS(2) nanosheets supported on coaxial carbon nanotubes through an L-cysteine-assisted hydrothermal route, in which L-cysteine, a cheap and ordinary amino acid, plays a fundamental role in controlling the morphology of the hybrid material and the binder to help the growth of MoS(2) nanosheets on the surface of the carbon nanotubes. It is also demonstrated that the polypeptide formed by L-cysteine can be transformed into amorphous carbon by heat treatment under an inert atmosphere. The materials exhibit high capacity and excellent cycling performance when used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries.