Involvement of the Constitutive Photomorphogenesis 9 Signalosome Subunit 5 With Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Ligand in Asthma.

Purpose: The constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 signalosome (CSN) is a highly conserved protein complex comprised of eight subunits, each of which play crucial roles in diverse cellular processes, such as signal transduction, gene transcription, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. In the context of asthma, a potential emerging target is the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-mediated pathway, which serves as a significant immune checkpoint inhibitor in this condition. However, the precise involvement of CSN subunit 5 (CSN5) in bronchial asthma and the interplay between CSN5 and PD-L1 in asthma remain poorly understood.

The Effect of Green Tea Extract on Pulmonary Inflammation in Nanoparticles-Exposed Mice.

Scope: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) are air pollutants that exacerbate chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the antipollutant effects of green tea extract (GTE). This study evaluates the efficacy and mechanism of GTE on lung inflammation and fibrosis in mice exposed to TiO NPs.

Methods And Results: The TiO NPs model is induced by having mice inhale TiO NPs, while controls receive an equivalent volume of saline.

Impact of the Junction Adhesion Molecule-A on Asthma.

Purpose: Junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A is an immunoglobulin-like molecule that colocalizes with tight junctions (TJs) in the endothelium and epithelium. It is also found in blood leukocytes and platelets. The biological significance of JAM-A in asthma, as well as its clinical potential as a therapeutic target, are not well understood.

Nectin4 is a potential therapeutic target for asthma.

Background: Nectins comprise a family of cellular adhesion molecules involved in Ca-independent cellular adhesion. Neither the biological significance nor clinical potential of Nectin4 for asthma has been investigated.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to elucidate the role of Nectin4 in airway inflammation and to determine the relationship between Nectin4 and clinical variables in patients with asthma.

Cofilin-1 and profilin-1 expression in lung microvascular endothelial cells exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Background: Air pollutants exacerbate chronic airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be determined. While a number of studies have reported adverse effects of nanoparticles on humans, little is known about their effects on the respiratory system.

N-acetylcysteine decreases lung inflammation and fibrosis by modulating ROS and Nrf2 in mice model exposed to particulate matter.

Air pollutants can induce and incite airway diseases such as asthma. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) affects signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell growth and arrest, redox-regulated gene expression, and the inflammatory response. However, it is not known how NAC change redox-regulated gene expression in asthma mouse model exposed to particulate matter (PM).

Recent patents in allergy and immunology: A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method for diagnosing asthma and asthma exacerbation.

Background: Asthma is diagnosed based on a history of the characteristic symptoms and evidence of expiratory airflow limitation. However, asthma diagnosis using the existing tests is associated with a risk of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spread. In this study, we developed a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based asthma diagnosis tool.

The Impact of Environmental Pollutants on Barrier Dysfunction in Respiratory Disease.

Respiratory epithelial cells form a selective barrier between the outside environment and underlying tissues. Epithelial cells are polarized and form specialized cell-cell junctions, known as the apical junctional complex (AJC). Assembly and disassembly of the AJC regulates epithelial morphogenesis and remodeling processes.

Effects of Air Pollutants on Airway Diseases.

Air pollutants include toxic particles and gases emitted in large quantities from many different combustible materials. They also include particulate matter (PM) and ozone, and biological contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which can penetrate the human airway and reach the bloodstream, triggering airway inflammation, dysfunction, and fibrosis. Pollutants that accumulate in the lungs exacerbate symptoms of respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).