Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Reduces the Traumatic Brain Injury-Mediated Neuroinflammation Through Enrichment of Prevotella Copri in the Gut of Male Rats.

Background: Gastrointestinal dysfunction frequently occurs following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and significantly increases posttraumatic complications. TBI can lead to alterations in gut microbiota. The neuroprotective effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) have not been well recognized after TBI.

The Reduced Gut Species Is Linked to Liver Enzyme Elevation and Insulin Resistance in Pediatric Fatty Liver Disease.

The objective of this study was to investigate gut dysbiosis and its metabolic and inflammatory implications in pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study included 105 children and utilized anthropometric measurements, blood tests, the Ultrasound Fatty Liver Index, and fecal DNA sequencing to assess the relationship between gut microbiota and pediatric MAFLD. Notable decreases in spp.

Increased serum adipokines are associated with sarcopenia in non-obese women with rheumatoid arthritis.

Large cohort studies have disclosed the association between obesity and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk. The sarcopenia prevalence in RA patients can be up to 31%. However, there is little information linking adipokines to sarcopenia in RA, so this study aimed to investigate whether adipokines were indeed involved in secondary sarcopenia in RA with a focus on non-obese females.

Lower HDAC6 mRNA expression and promoter hypomethylation are associated with RA susceptibility.

Background/purpose: Recent studies showed that Histone deacetylases 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors could improve arthritis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rodent models, whereas lower HDAC6 expression was observed in RA patients' synovial fibroblasts, raising the concerns to use HDAC6 inhibitors to treat RA patients. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of HDAC6 mRNA expression and promoter methylation in RA.

Methods: The DNA and RNAs were extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 138 RA patients and 102 healthy controls.

Resveratrol Butyrate Esters Inhibit BPA-Induced Liver Damage in Male Offspring Rats by Modulating Antioxidant Capacity and Gut Microbiota.

Resveratrol can affect the physiology or biochemistry of offspring in the maternal-fetal animal model. However, it exhibits low bioavailability in humans and animals. Fifteen-week SD pregnant female rats were orally administered bisphenol A (BPA) and/or resveratrol butyrate ester (RBE), and the male offspring rats (n = 4-8 per group) were evaluated.

High glucose environment induces M1 macrophage polarization that impairs keratinocyte migration via TNF-α: An important mechanism to delay the diabetic wound healing.

Background: Macrophages play important roles during wound healing, and delayed healing in diabetics is associated with sustained inflammation. M1 type macrophage is recognized to secrete excessive amount of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as compared to its M2 counterpart.

Objectives: We hypothesized that macrophage polarization is different between diabetic and normal rats during skin wounding and has direct impact on keratinocyte function in the context of re-epithelialization.

CK1α ablation in keratinocytes induces p53-dependent, sunburn-protective skin hyperpigmentation.

Casein kinase 1α (CK1α), a component of the β-catenin destruction complex, is a critical regulator of Wnt signaling; its ablation induces both Wnt and p53 activation. To characterize the role of CK1α (encoded by ) in skin physiology, we crossed mice harboring floxed with mice expressing K14-Cre-ER to generate mice in which tamoxifen induces the deletion of exclusively in keratinocytes [single-knockout (SKO) mice]. As expected, CK1α loss was accompanied by β-catenin and p53 stabilization, with the preferential induction of p53 target genes, but phenotypically most striking was hyperpigmentation of the skin, importantly without tumorigenesis, for at least 9 mo after ablation.

High-glucose environment induced intracellular O-GlcNAc glycosylation and reduced galectin-7 expression in keratinocytes: Implications on impaired diabetic wound healing.

Background: Diabetes is an important global health issue due to its increasing prevalence and association with various complications. Impaired wound healing is a serious complication associated with diabetes that frequently results in infection and amputation. Galectin-7 (Gal-7) has been reported to play an important role during skin wound healing.

SPAK mediates KCC3-enhanced cervical cancer tumorigenesis.

Ste20-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) plays a role in regulating many biological activities, and interacts with K-Cl co-transporter 3 (KCC3); however, the importance of SPAK for KCC3 function has not been demonstrated. Here, we investigated the role of SPAK in KCC3-regulated cell invasiveness and tumor formation. We show that induction of KCC3 expression triggers activation of the NF-κB and SPAK signaling cascades, leading to activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2).