The Significance of an Initial Controlling Nutritional Status Score in Predicting the Functional Outcome, Complications, and Mortality in a First-Ever Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Nutritional status can influence the outcomes and mortality of various diseases. The association between initial nutritional status and ischemic stroke outcomes, however, remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score at admission could predict functional recovery, complications, and survival following an ischemic stroke.

Association between Height and Functional Outcomes of Patients 6 Months after a Stroke: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Many physical factors influence post-stroke functional outcomes. However, few studies have examined the influence of height on these outcomes. Here, data from the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation were used and patients' height was categorized into three groups: short (lower 25%), middle (middle 50%), and tall (upper 25%).

Predictors of Burden for First-Ever Stroke Survivor's Long-Term Caregivers: A Study of KOSCO.

Long-term changes in caregiver burden should be clarified considering that extended post-stroke disability can increase caregiver stress. We assessed long-term changes in caregiver burden severity and its predictors. This study was a retrospective analysis of the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation.

Long-Term Functional Outcome in Patients With Isolated Thalamic Stroke: The KOSCO Study.

Background: Information on the long-term prognosis in patients with isolated thalamic stroke is sparse. We report the functional outcomes of patients with thalamic stroke up to 24 months from the KOSCO (Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation) study.

Methods And Results: Isolated thalamic stroke was defined as the presence of lesions solely in the thalamus, excluding cases with lesions in other brain parenchyma areas apart from the thalamus, as identified by brain magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans.

Incidence of Altered Level of Consciousness in Hemorrhagic Stroke Survivors: Associated Factors From a Korean Nationwide Study.

Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the incidence of altered level of consciousness after hemorrhagic stroke and identify factors associated with altered level of consciousness at 3 mos after stroke.

Design: This study used data from a prospective multicenter cohort study conducted in nine hospitals in Korea and included 1677 patients with first-ever hemorrhagic stroke. Patients were dichotomized into those with and without altered level of consciousness at 3 mos after stroke.

Predictors of quality of life at 6 months in patients with mild stroke: A prospective observational cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the long-term quality of life of patients with mild stroke and evaluate the differences according to age and sex.

Materials And Methods: The Korean Stroke Cohort for functioning and rehabilitation data was used, and patients with mild stroke with a National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score of < 5 were included. Quality of life after 6 months was analyzed using EuroQol-5 dimensions.

Clustering and prediction of long-term functional recovery patterns in first-time stroke patients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to cluster long-term multifaceted functional recovery patterns and to establish prediction models for functional outcome in first-time stroke patients using unsupervised machine learning.

Methods: This study is an interim analysis of the dataset from the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO), a long-term, prospective, multicenter cohort study of first-time stroke patients. The KOSCO screened 10,636 first-time stroke patients admitted to nine representative hospitals in Korea during a three-year recruitment period, and 7,858 patients agreed to enroll.

Gender differences in mortality and long-term functional outcomes after first-ever ischemic stroke: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Although many studies about survival rates and functional outcomes after stroke have been published, studies on gender differences have reported conflicting results.

Aims: To determine whether there are differences in mortality and functional outcomes during the first 5 years after a first-ever ischemic stroke in Korean males and females.

Method: This is an interim analysis of the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation, a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Contributing Factors to the Burden on Primary Family Caregivers of Stroke Survivors in South Korea.

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors associated with the burden on primary family caregivers of stroke patients at home without care services. For this study, the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO) data were used. Of the total 8010 caregivers, 1133 family caregiver burden was assessed with the shortened Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) 3 months after stroke.

Erratum: Role of Intensive Inpatient Rehabilitation for Prevention of Disability after Stroke: The Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO) Study.

[This corrects the article e4 in vol. 9.].

Elucidating the mechanisms of post-stroke motor recovery mediated by electroacupuncture using diffusion tensor tractography.

Acupuncture has been commonly used for post-stroke patients, and electroacupuncture allows simultaneous application of acupuncture and electrical stimulation. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism of electroacupuncture on post-stroke motor recovery using diffusion tensor tractography. A total of 33 subacute stroke patients were recruited.

Multifaceted Assessment of Functional Outcomes in Survivors of First-time Stroke.

Importance: Because stroke causes diverse functional deficits, understanding the long-term recovery pattern of each functional domain may inform prognosis and therapeutic strategies.

Objective: To observe long-term changes in functional status and residual disability in survivors of first-time stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was an interim analysis of the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of First-Ever Stroke in Young Adults: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study.

Stroke in young adults has catastrophic consequences and has increased in prevalence, contrary to the trends of most other diseases. This study aimed to determine the major characteristics and risk factors for stroke in younger adults compared with older adults. From the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation, 10,584 patients with first-ever stroke between August 2012 and March 2015 were enrolled retrospectively and divided into younger (age ≤ 45) and older groups (age > 45).

Changes in Long-Term Functional Independence in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure.

This study investigated the long-term functional changes in patients with moderate-to-severe ischemic stroke. In addition, we investigated whether there was a difference between the modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) according to severity. To evaluate the changes in the long-term functional independence of the subjects, six evaluations were conducted over 2 years, and the evaluation was performed using MBI and FIM.

Change in Bone Mineral Density in Stroke Patients with Osteoporosis or Osteopenia.

We aimed to investigate the correlation between changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) and osteoporosis-related factors in stroke patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia, and we suggest the need for active rehabilitation treatment. This study included 63 osteoporosis and 34 osteopenia patients who underwent a BMD test following primary stroke onset. The osteoporosis group was followed up with a BMD test after 12 months of bisphosphonate treatment, and the osteopenia group was followed up without medication.

Understanding of the Lower Extremity Motor Recovery After First-Ever Ischemic Stroke.

Background: We aimed to verify the validity of the proportional recovery model for the lower extremity.

Methods: We reviewed clinical data of patients enrolled in the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation between August 2012 and May 2015. Recovery proportion was calculated as the amount of motor recovery over initial motor impairment, measured as the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity score.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Interventions in the Rehabilitation of Cognitive and Motor Function in Patients With Stroke: An Overview and Evidence Map.

Evidence mapping of systematic reviews (SRs) systematically and comprehensively identifies, organizes, and summarizes the distribution of scientific evidence in a field. The aim of this evidence map is to provide a synopsis of the best clinical practices and interventions in stroke rehabilitative care and to identify areas with a paucity of evidence to guide future research. PubMed, EMBASE, CDSR, six Korean databases, and two Chinese databases were searched for SRs evaluating the effectiveness of any stroke rehabilitation intervention through October 2021.

Introduction to methodology for the development of an integrative medical service model.

Background: The purpose of this article was to present a valid and reliable theoretical framework and method for the development of an integrated medical service model for the four major diseases.

Methods: Methodologies for each process were presented based on three theoretical frameworks. The three theories were the double diamond process model, the Donabedian model, and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health model.

Robot-Assisted Therapy Combined with Trunk Restraint in Acute Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Reducing the compensatory mechanism by restraining unnecessary trunk movements may help enhance the effectiveness of robot-assisted therapy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of robot-assisted therapy in combination with trunk restraint on upper extremity function and on daily activities in patients with acute stroke (≤ 30days of onset).

Methods: Thirty-six acute stroke patients were randomly assigned to an experimental (n=18) or control (n=18) group.

Therapeutic Effects of a Newly Developed 3D Magnetic Finger Rehabilitation Device in Subacute Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study.

We developed a magnetic-force-based three-dimensional (3D) rehabilitation device that can perform motor rehabilitation treatment for paralyzed fingers, regardless of upper extremity movement and position, and investigated the therapeutic effects of the device. An end-effector type rehabilitation device that can generate magnetic fields in three directions was developed using electromagnets and permanent magnetics. A double-blinded randomized controlled pilot study was conducted with a total of 12 patients.

Acupuncture and electroacupuncture for stroke: A protocol for overview of systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic overview of meta-analyses and published systematic reviews to identify whether and when acupunctureand electroacupuncture are deemed efficacious treatment options for stroke and stroke-related disorders.

Methods: Four databases, namely, PubMed, AMED, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library will be searched from their inception. Two reviewers will independently perform study selection, data extraction, and assessment.

Post-stroke Hyperglycemia in Non-diabetic Ischemic Stroke is Related With Worse Functional Outcome: A Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate long-term and serial functional outcomes in ischemic stroke patients without diabetes with post-stroke hyperglycemia.

Methods: The Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO) is a large, multi-center, prospective cohort study of stroke patients admitted to participating hospitals in nine areas of Korea. From KOSCO, ischemic stroke patients without diabetes were recruited and divided into two groups: patients without diabetes without (n=779) and with post-stroke hyperglycemia (n=223).

Status Of Dysphagia After Ischemic Stroke: A Korean Nationwide Study.

Objective: To identify the incidence of dysphagia after ischemic stroke and determine factors affecting the presence of dysphagia.

Design: Retrospective case-control study. This was an interim analysis of a prospective multicenter Korean stroke cohort.