Silk fibroin/chitosan-based anal fistula scaffolds loaded with curcumin and 5-aminosalicylic acid.

The present work describes the development of silk fibroin (SF)/chitosan (CS)-based porous composite anal fistula scaffold (SCAFS) with anti-inflammatory and healing functions. The SCAFS comprises an inner layer made from degummed silk fiber using a vertical braiding machine, and an outer layer created by freeze-drying a mixture of short SF fibers and curcumin (CUR)/5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) loaded SF/CS solution. Results revealed that the SCAFS has high porosity of 42.

Impact of Mild COVID-19 History on Oral-Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolomics in Adult Patients with Crohn's Disease: Potential Beneficial Effects.

The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) history on Crohn's disease (CD) is unknown. This investigation aimed to examine the effect of COVID-19 history on the disease course, oral-gut microbiota, and serum metabolomics in patients with CD. In this study, oral-gut microbiota and serum metabolomic profiles in 30 patients with CD and a history of mild COVID-19 (positive group, PG), 30 patients with CD without COVID-19 history (negative group, NG), and 60 healthy controls (HC) were assessed using 16S rDNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics.

Wnt7B enhances the osteogenic differentiation of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human periodontal ligament stem cells and inhibits the M1 polarization of macrophages by binding FZD4.

Periodontitis, a common oral disease characterized by the progressive infiltration of bacteria, is a leading cause of adult tooth loss. Periodontal stem cells (PDLSCs) possess good self‑renewal and multi‑potential differentiation abilities to maintain the integrity of periodontal support structure and repair defects. The present study aimed to analyze the roles of Wnt7B and frizzled4 (FZD4) in the osteogenic differentiation and macrophage polarization during periodontitis using an cell model.

The involvement of oral bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease.

Microorganisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The oral cavity, the second-largest microbial niche, is connected to the gastro-intestinal tract. Ectopic gut colonization by oral microbes is a signature of IBD.

Associations of genetically predicted iron status with 24 gastrointestinal diseases and gut microbiota: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Iron status has been implicated in gastrointestinal diseases and gut microbiota, however, confounding factors may influence these associations.

Objective: We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the associations of iron status, including blood iron content, visceral iron content, and iron deficiency anemia with the incidence of 24 gastrointestinal diseases and alterations in gut microbiota.

Methods: Independent genetic instruments linked with iron status were selected using a genome-wide threshold of = 5 × 10-6 from corresponding genome-wide association studies.

Inherent preference for polyunsaturated fatty acids instigates ferroptosis of Treg cells that aggravates high-fat-diet-related colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has high prevalence in Western counties. The high fat content in Western diets is one of the leading causes for this prevalence; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully defined. Here, we find that high-fat diet (HFD) induces ferroptosis of intestinal regulatory T (Treg) cells, which might be the key initiating step for the disruption of immunotolerance and the development of colitis.

HLA-DQA1*05 correlates with increased risk of anti-drug antibody development and reduced response to infliximab in Chinese patients with Crohn's disease.

Background: The efficacy of anti-TNF therapy in Crohn's disease (CD), such as infliximab, is often compromised by the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). The genetic variation HLA-DQA1*05 has been linked to the immunogenicity of biologics, influencing ADA formation. This study investigates the correlation between HLA-DQA1*05 and ADA formation in CD patients treated with infliximab in a Chinese Han population and assesses clinical outcomes.

Enhanced microbiota profiling in patients with quiescent Crohn's disease through comparison with paired healthy first-degree relatives.

Prior studies indicate no correlation between the gut microbes of healthy first-degree relatives (HFDRs) of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and the development of CD. Here, we utilize HFDRs as controls to examine the microbiota and metabolome in individuals with active (CD-A) and quiescent (CD-R) CD, thereby minimizing the influence of genetic and environmental factors. When compared to non-relative controls, the use of HFDR controls identifies fewer differential taxa.

Comparison of accelerated and standard infliximab induction regimens in acute severe ulcerative colitis using propensity score analysis: a retrospective multicenter study in China.

Background: The optimal regimen of infliximab salvage in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) patients remains controversial. This study aimed to compare accelerated and standard infliximab induction in Chinese ASUC patients, and to explore risk factors and concrete accelerated regimens for them.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from steroid-refractory ASUC patients receiving infliximab as rescue therapy at seven tertiary centers across China.

Graves' disease and the risk of five autoimmune diseases: A Mendelian randomization and colocalization study.

Background: Epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated a high prevalence of concurrent autoimmune diseases in individuals with Graves' disease (GD).

Objective: The objective of this study is to establish a causal association between GD and autoimmune diseases.

Methods: We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to infer a causal association between GD and five autoimmune diseases, namely rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in the East Asian and European population.

Functionalized PLGA Microsphere Loaded with Fusion Peptide for Therapy of Bone Defects.

The challenges in the treatment of extensive bone defects are infection control and bone regeneration. Bone tissue engineering is currently one of the most promising strategies. In this study, a short biopeptide with specific osteogenic ability is designed by fusion peptide technology and encapsulated with chitosan-modified poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres.

Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan-Amoxicillin Dual Regimen With Varying Dose and Duration for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized Study.

Background & Aims: Previous studies confirm vonoprazan-amoxicillin effectiveness for Helicobacter pylori. This study aims to investigate vonoprazan with varying amoxicillin dose and duration.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled, noninferiority trial enrolled patients with treatment naive H pylori infection from 5 clinical centers.

HNRNPA2B1 promotes oral squamous cell carcinogenesis via mA-dependent stabilization of FOXQ1 mRNA stability.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as a common type of oral malignancy, has an unclear pathogenesis. N methyladenosine (mA) is a reversible and dynamic process that participates in the modulation of cancer pathogenesis and development. As an mA recognition protein (reader), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 (HNRNPA2B1) show abnormally high expression in cancers.

Health Information Processing and Symptom Management in a Cross-Cultural Setting: Insights from IBD Patients.

The affordances of social media, have significantly transformed how patients seek and process health information online, including those with chronic diseases like irritable bowel disease (IBD). Few studies have explored how information processing may impact symptom management. Guided by social cognitive theory, this study investigates how Chinese and U.

Extra intravenous Ustekinumab reinduction is an effective optimization strategy for patients with refractory Crohn's disease.

Objectives: Ustekinumab (UST) optimization strategies, including shortening intervals and intravenous reinduction, should be administered to patients with partial or loss of respond. Evidence comparing these types of optimization treatments is limited. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of weight-based UST intravenous reinduction in patients with refractory Crohn's disease (CD).

Artificial intelligence in endoscopic ultrasonography: risk stratification of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Background: Previous studies have identified useful endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) features to predict the malignant potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, the results of the studies were not consistent. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promising results in medicine.

Development and validation of a deep learning-based approach to predict the Mayo endoscopic score of ulcerative colitis.

Background: The ulcerative colitis (UC) Mayo endoscopy score is a useful tool for evaluating the severity of UC in patients in clinical practice.

Objectives: We aimed to develop and validate a deep learning-based approach to automatically predict the Mayo endoscopic score using UC endoscopic images.

Design: A multicenter, diagnostic retrospective study.

Combination of vonoprazan and amoxicillin as the first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a multicenter, prospective, randomized, parallel-controlled study.

The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) decreased gradually. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of a 14-day combination of vonoprazan and amoxicillin as the first-line eradication therapy for H.

Extensive involvement of indolent T-cell lymphoma in a patient with ulcerative colitis.

Indolent T-cell lymphoma is a rare disease. Here we presented a 53-year-old male patient initially diagnosed as ulcerative colitis in 2000 that finally developed into extensive indolent T-cell lymphoma in 2022. We also described the differences between indolent T-cell lymphoma and inflammatory bowel disease, and the possible disease progression into lymphoma after biological therapy.

Computed tomography-based radiomics nomogram using machine learning for predicting 1-year surgical risk after diagnosis of Crohn's disease.

Background: Identifying patients with aggressive Crohn's disease (CD) threatened by a high risk of early onset surgery is challenging.

Purpose: We aimed to establish and validate a radiomics nomogram to predict 1-year surgical risk after the diagnosis of CD, thereby facilitating therapeutic strategies making.

Methods: Patients with CD who had undergone baseline computed tomography enterography (CTE) examination at diagnosis were recruited and randomly divided into training and test cohorts at a ratio of 7:3.