Biological evaluation of a new highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid and its imaging application in cell and zebrafish.

Hypochlorous acid is one of the most widely distributed reactive oxygen species in vivo. It is usually used as a signal molecule to participate in various life activities such as immunity and metabolism, and plays a notable role in maintaining homeostasis. When hypochlorous acid level is abnormal in the body, it will lead to a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and cancer.

Urine electrooxidation for energy-saving hydrogen generation.

Urea electrooxidation offers a cost-effective alternative to water oxidation for energy-saving hydrogen production. However, its practical application is limited by expensive urea reactants and sluggish reaction kinetics. Here, we present an efficient urine electrolysis system for hydrogen production, using cost-free urine as feedstock.

Impact of long-term and short-term magnesium hydroxide dosing on transformation of chemical biomarkers in the sewer systems.

Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) dosing is widely applied for sewer odour control. However, its impact on the fate of biomarkers used for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been overlooked. This study investigated the long-term and short-term impact of Mg(OH)₂ dosing on in-sewer transformation of 20 biomarkers.

Formation of highly toxic p-benzoquinones byproducts during ozonation of cresols.

This study aims to identify the highly non-specific toxic by-products during ozonation of three cresols in wastewater. In ozonated effluents, biotoxicity increased along with increasing reaction time, followed by a gradual decrease. The peak biotoxicity for ozonated o-cresol (o-C), m-cresol (m-C), and p-cresol (p-C) was estimated to be 17.

Boron dipyrromethene fungicide for anti-microbial photodynamic therapeutics.

Due to inadequate light transmission into the subsurface, one of the key challenges for conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) is realizing successful treatment of deep-skin pathogenetic bacterial infectious wounds. Preparation of near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizers (PSs) with potent antibacterial activity is a potential solution to address this issue. In the present work, a boron dipyrromethene (BDP) derivative was synthesized, which had red light absorption and NIR fluorescence.

Dual role of organic matter in Feammox-driven nitrogen and phosphate removal.

Feammox is a novel microbial process that enables simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment. This study investigated the role of organic matter in Feammox-driven nutrient removal during long-term bioreactor operation by gradually increasing the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration from 0 to 50, and then to 100 mg/L. The results revealed that the ammonium removal efficiency was reduced from 60.

Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)-modified protein nanoparticles enhance docetaxel oral delivery and exhibit potent in vitro anti-tumor and macrophage-activating effects.

The antitumor drug docetaxel (DTX) has limited oral bioavailability. This study aimed to develop novel oral nanoparticles to enhance DTX's absorption and bioactivities. The nanoparticles (H-N-D) were prepared by inducing the self-assembly of a Coptis protein through heating, followed by modification using hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC).

In vivo oxidative stress responses and mechanism to chlorinated and methylated p-benzoquinone oxidation byproducts: A comparison study.

Halogen-substituted para-benzoquinones (p-BQs) are emerging disinfection byproducts known to induce oxidative damage both in vitro and in vivo. However, as ubiquitous oxidation byproducts, the in vivo toxicity and transport mechanism of non-halogenated p-BQs with similar structure of α, β-unsaturated ketones to halogenated p-BQs have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the effect of substituents on toxicity and transportation of 2-chloro-1,4-benzoquinone (CBQ) and 2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (MBQ) was systematically investigated.

Enrichment and identification of a moderately acidophilic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium.

This study enriched a novel nitrite-oxidizing bacterium (NOB, ' Nitrobacter acidophilus') in a laboratory reactor operating at pH 4.5 for treating low-strength ammonia wastewater. Batch experiments showed that '.

Super-enhancer-driven EFNA1 fuels tumor progression in cervical cancer via the FOSL2-Src/AKT/STAT3 axis.

Super-enhancers (SEs) are expansive cis-regulatory elements known for amplifying oncogene expression across various cancers. However, their role in cervical cancer (CC), a remarkable global malignancy affecting women, remains underexplored. Here we applied integrated epigenomic and transcriptomic profiling to delineate the distinct SE landscape in CC by analyzing paired tumor and normal tissues.

A PTT-Induced Feed-Back Carbon Nanosystem for Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy by Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.

In the treatment of breast cancer, the dense extracellular matrix (ECM) severely impedes drug delivery and immune cell infiltration, resulting in poor therapeutic effects. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has achieved promise in preclinical breast cancer studies. However, in tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by PTT, immune cells are almost confined around the tumor periphery due to the ECM, which weakens the immune response.

Integrated application of nanoscale zero-valent iron for sulfide and methane control in sewers and improved wastewater treatment.

Sewer systems are critical water infrastructures for sewage collection and transportation services but are frequently challenged by odour nuisance, corrosion and greenhouse gas emissions, primarily driven by sulfide and methane production. This study investigated the effectiveness of multifunctional nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in controlling sulfide and methane, along with its downstream impacts on wastewater treatment. Two continuous flow laboratory-scale reactor systems were used: sewer reactors and sequencing batch reactors (SBRs).

Kinetic and Physiological Characterization of Acidophilic spp. in a Nitrite-Oxidizing Culture.

Novel acidophilic nitrite-oxidizing spp. were enriched, with kinetic and physiological features characterized comprehensively. The acidophilic enrichment culture was cultivated in a membrane bioreactor at pH 4.

Age-Based Classification and Outcomes in Pediatric Heart Failure: Findings From a Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Although heart failure is a well-known major global public health concern, the general understanding of the clinical status of pediatric heart failure (PHF) is inadequate. Therefore, this study aims to enhance the general understanding of clinical characteristics across different PHF age groups and provide references for improving PHF treatment strategies.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study involved patients from 20 Chinese provinces, primarily including hospitalized patients (aged ≤18 years) diagnosed with heart failure between January 2013 and December 2022.

Regulation of involucrin and signalling pathway in scleroderma epidermal keratinocytes.

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis is a complex disease characterized by the fibrosis and vasculopathy.

Aim: We aimed to assess scleroderma by examining involucrin, an early terminal differentiation marker of epidermal keratinocytes.

Material And Methods: Immunolocalization of involucrin was performed in healthy controls and patients with scleroderma lesions by using an immunofluorescence (IF) assay.

Apolipoprotein A-IV and its derived peptide, T55-121, improve glycemic control and increase energy expenditure.

It is crucial to understand the glucose control within our bodies. Bariatric/metabolic surgeries, including laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), provide an avenue for exploring the potential key factors involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis since these surgeries have shown promising results in improving glycemic control among patients with severe type 2 diabetes (T2D). For the first time, a markedly altered population of serum proteins in patients after LSG was discovered and analyzed through proteomics.

Genomic and transcriptomic insights into vitamin A-induced thermogenesis and gene reuse as a cold adaptation strategy in wild boars.

Wild boars inhabit diverse climates, including frigid regions like Siberia, but their migration history and cold adaptation mechanisms into high latitudes remain poorly understood. We constructed the most comprehensive wild boar whole-genome variant dataset to date, comprising 124 samples from tropical to frigid zones, among which 47 Russian, 8 South Chinese and 3 Vietnamese wild boars were newly supplemented. We also gathered 75 high-quality RNA-seq datasets from 10 tissues of 6 wild boars from Russia and 6 from southern China.

2D Nanochannel Interlayer Realizing High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Commercialization of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries is largely limited by polysulfide shuttling and sluggish kinetics. Herein, 2D nanochannel interlayer composed of alternatively-stacked porous silica nanosheets (PSN) and TiCT-MXene are developed. The 2D nanochannels with selective cation transport characteristics facilitate lithium ion rapid transport, while reject the translocation of polysulfide anions across the separator.

Global Delphi consensus on treatment goals for generalised pustular psoriasis.

Background: Generalised pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a chronic, systemic, neutrophilic inflammatory disease. A previous Delphi panel established areas of consensus on GPP, although patient perspectives were not included, and aspects of treatment goals remain unclear.

Objectives: To identify and achieve consensus on refined, specific treatment goals for GPP treatment via a Delphi panel with patient participation.

Nanofiltration Membranes for Efficient Lithium Extraction from Salt-Lake Brine: A Critical Review.

The global transition to clean energy technologies has escalated the demand for lithium (Li), a critical component in rechargeable Li-ion batteries, highlighting the urgent need for efficient and sustainable Li extraction methods. Nanofiltration (NF)-based separations have emerged as a promising solution, offering selective separation capabilities that could advance resource extraction and recovery. However, an NF-based lithium extraction process differs significantly from conventional water treatment, necessitating a paradigm shift in membrane materials design, performance evaluation metrics, and process optimization.

Coarse bubble mixing in anoxic zone greatly stimulates nitrous oxide emissions from biological nitrogen removal process.

The biological nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment inevitably produces nitrous oxide (NO), a potent greenhouse gas. Coarse bubble mixing is widely employed in wastewater treatment processes to mix anoxic tanks; however, its impacts on NO emissions are rarely reported. This study investigates the effects of coarse bubble mixing on NO emissions in a pilot-scale mainstream nitrite shunt reactor over a 50-day steady-state period.

Making waves: Harnessing anammox bacteria coupled with dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium for sustainable wastewater management.

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) which converts nitrite and ammonium to dinitrogen gas is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process. One of the bottlenecks for anammox application in wastewater treatment is the stable supply of nitrite for anammox bacteria. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) is a process that converts nitrate to nitrite and then to ammonium.

Nasal mask versus conventional oxygen supply for endoscopy under intravenous sedation: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Hypoxaemia is a frequent complication associated with endoscopy conducted under intravenous sedation, highlighting the need for effective and practical interventions. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nasal mask oxygenation in reducing the incidence of hypoxaemia during endoscopy under intravenous sedation compared with the conventional oxygen supply.

Methods And Analysis: This study strictly adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol guidelines.

Identification and Clinical Validation of High HSP60 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) expression in ovarian cancer and evaluate its correlation with patient survival outcomes.

Methods: A total of 260 ovarian cancer patients diagnosed between 2017 and 2019 were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess HSP60 expression in tumor tissues.

Developmental pathways underlying sexual differentiation in the U/V sex chromosome system of giant kelp.

In many multicellular organisms, sexual development is not determined by XX/XY or ZW/ZZ systems but by U/V sex chromosomes. In U/V systems, sex determination occurs in the haploid phase, with U chromosomes in females and V chromosomes in males. Here, we explore several male, female, and partially sex-reversed male lines of giant kelp to decipher how U/V sex chromosomes and autosomes initiate male versus female development.