Cost-Reference Particle Filter-Based Method for Constructing Effective Brain Networks: Application in Optically Pumped Magnetometer Magnetoencephalography.

Optically pumped magnetometer magnetoencephalography (OPM-MEG) represents a novel method for recording neural signals in the brain, offering the potential to measure critical neuroimaging characteristics such as effective brain networks. Effective brain networks describe the causal relationships and information flow between brain regions. In constructing effective brain networks using Granger causality, the noise in the multivariate autoregressive model (MVAR) is typically assumed to follow a Gaussian distribution.

Pharmacological effects and mechanisms of danlong oral liquid in asthma airway remodeling: Insights from serum medicinal chemistry, network pharmacology, and experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Danlong oral liquid (DLOL) is a traditional Chinese proprietary medicine commonly used to treat chronic respiratory diseases, including bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the therapeutic effects and pharmacological mechanisms of DLOL in improving airway remodeling remain unclear.

Aims Of The Study: This study utilizes in vivo and in vitro experiments, serum pharmacological analysis, and network-based pharmacology approaches to investigate the effects and mechanisms of DLOL on airway remodeling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in asthma.

Preprocessing and Denoising Techniques for Electrocardiography and Magnetocardiography: A Review.

This review systematically analyzes the latest advancements in preprocessing techniques for Electrocardiography (ECG) and Magnetocardiography (MCG) signals over the past decade. ECG and MCG play crucial roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD) detection, but both are susceptible to noise interference. This paper categorizes and compares different ECG denoising methods based on noise types, such as baseline wander (BW), electromyographic noise (EMG), power line interference (PLI), and composite noise.

Risk factors of lymph node metastasis in the diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma compared with conventional papillary thyroidcarcinoma in pediatric populations.

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological features and predictors of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in the diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSV-PTC) and compare these findings with conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma (C-PTC) in pediatric populations.

Methods: Patients aged 18 years or younger who were preoperatively diagnosed with PTC and underwent thyroidectomy at the First Affiliated Hospitals of Nanchang University from January 2017 to May 2024 were included in this study. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.

A Task-driven Adversarial Channel Selection Method for Binary Classification Based on Magnetocardiography.

As the number of sensors in magnetocardiography (MCG) arrays increases to capture detailed cardiac activity, some channels contribute minimally to task performance, resulting in data redundancy and resource consumption. Although existing methods can reduce the number of channels required to meet task demands, they often struggle to balance computational time and the accuracy of the selected channels and overlook the scalability of the selected channels. This limitation means that when environmental conditions change, or when sensors malfunction, redesigning channel configurations becomes necessary, which increases experimental uncertainties.

Relationship between horizontal collectivism and social network influence among college students: mediating effect of self-monitoring and moderating effect of self-efficacy.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the intrinsic relationship between cultural values and social network index among college students. In addition, the present study explored the mediating role of self-monitoring in the relationship between horizontal collectivism cultural values and social network index, as well as the moderating role of self-efficacy, to provide a theoretical approach based on the intrinsic mechanism for college students to establish a good social network.

Methods: A simple random cluster sampling method was used to investigate 376 college students with cultural values scale, self-monitoring scale, self-efficacy scale, and social network index scale, structural equation model was constructed using M-plus and SPSS.

Source imaging method based on diagonal covariance bases and its applications to OPM-MEG.

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a noninvasive imaging technique used in neuroscience and clinical research. The source estimation of MEG involves solving a highly underdetermined inverse problem, which requires additional constraints to restrict the solution space. Traditional methods tend to obscure the extent of the sources.

Lewis base promoted [4 + 2] annulation of -acylamino-aryl MBH carbonates with isatin.

The first example of Lewis base promoted [4 + 2] annulation between -acylamino-aryl MBH carbonates and isatin has been developed. This methodology exhibits excellent substrate applicability and has synthesized 1,4-dihydrospiro benzo[][1,3]oxazine-oxindoles with yields up to 98%. The practical value of this method is underscored by its successful application in a 50-fold scale-up.

Dynamics alteration of the gut microbiota and faecal metabolomes in very low or extremely low birth weight infants: a Chinese single-center, prospective cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the temporal dynamics of faecal gut microbiota and metabonomics in early postnatal with a focus on very low or extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants.

Methods: We collected faecal samples from 157 VLBW/ELBW infants at three time points: days 1, 14, and 28 in a prospective cohort study. The faecal microbial diversity, abundance, composition, and metabolomic analyses were determined using 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Novel biomarkers associated with oxidative stress and immune infiltration in intervertebral disc degeneration based on bioinformatics approaches.

Background: The etiology of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), a prevalent degenerative disease in the elderly, remains to be fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to identify immune infiltration and oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers in IVDD, aiming to provide further insights into the intricate pathogenesis of IVDD.

Methods: The Gene Expression microarrays were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Source localization comparison and combination of OPM-MEG and fMRI to detect sensorimotor cortex responses.

Background And Objectives: The exploration of various neuroimaging techniques have become focal points within the field of neuroscience research. Magnetoencephalography based on optically pumped magnetometers (OPM-MEG) has shown significant potential to be the next generation of functional neuroimaging with the advantages of high signal intensity and flexible sensor arrangement. In this study, we constructed a 31-channel OPM-MEG system and performed a preliminary comparison of the temporal and spatial relationship between magnetic responses measured by OPM-MEG and blood-oxygen-level-dependent signals detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a grasping task.

Immunohistochemical co-expression of PAX2 and CAIX predicts better prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy: A retrospective observational study.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a lethal malignancy with high metastatic probability. Paired box 2 gene product (PAX2) carbonic anhydrase IX were biomolecules closely linked with ccRCC development and outcomes of multiple malignancies. We aim to explore the role of immunohistochemical staining of PAX2 and CAIX to predict ccRCC prognosis after nephrectomy.

Precision medicine for severe asthma - Biological targeted therapy.

Severe asthma is a complex and heterogeneous chronic airway inflammatory disease. Current treatment strategies are increasingly focused on disease classification, facilitating the transition towards personalized medicine by integrating biomarkers and monoclonal antibodies for tailored therapeutic approaches. Several approved biological agents, including anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE), anti-interleukin (IL)-4, anti-IL-5, and anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) monoclonal antibodies, have demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing asthma exacerbations, eosinophil counts, improving lung function, minimizing oral corticosteroid usage, and enhancing patients' quality of life.

Key points for protecting the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in open thyroidectomy: A possible exploration technique.

Objective: Injury of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is easily overlooked in thyroidectomy, and voice changes caused by the injury have a negative effect on an increasing number of patients. This study aimed to reduce the injury rate of EBSLN by expanding the sternothyroid-laryngeal triangle and standardizing the exploration procedure.

Methods: A total of 520 patients who had undergone thyroidectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between September 2021 and April 2022 were analyzed.

Effects of Thermal Exposure on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Ti-48Al-3Nb-1.5Ta Alloy via Powder Hot Isostatic Pressing.

Research on how thermal exposure affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti-48Al-3Nb-1.5Ta (at. %) alloy, which is prepared via powder hot isostatic pressing (P-HIP), is essential since this low-density alloy shows promise for use in high-temperature applications, particularly for aero-engines, which require long-term stable service.

Transcriptomic analysis of bovine endometrial epithelial cells in response to interferon tau and hormone stimulation.

The embryonic loss during early stage of gestation is one of the major causes of infertility for domestic ruminants, causing huge economic losses to pasture. Maternal recognition of pregnancy and implantation are the crucial process for determining the successful establishment and development of pregnancy in cattle. The research on molecular mechanisms of pregnancy recognition will facilitate illustrating the complex process of pregnancy establishment and help to improve pregnancy outcomes.

GPX4 inhibits apoptosis of thyroid cancer cells through regulating the FKBP8/Bcl-2 axis.

GPX4 has attracted much attention as a key molecule of cell ferroptosis, but its role in cell apoptosis is rarely reported, and its role in apoptosis of thyroid cancer (TC) cell has not been reported. The analysis of TCGA database showed that both GPX4 and FKBP8 were highly expressed in TC tumor tissues; The expression of GPX4 and FKBP8 were positively correlated. The immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed that GPX4 and FKBP8 were highly expressed in TC tumor tissues.

Exploration of anti‑osteosarcoma activity of asiatic acid based on network pharmacology and experiments.

Osteosarcomas are malignant bone tumors that typically originate in the epiphyses of the long bones of the extremities in adolescents. Asiatic acid has been reported to possess anti‑inflammatory, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antitumor and antimicrobial activities. The present study used a combination of network pharmacological prediction and experimental validation to explore the potential pharmacological mechanism of asiatic acid against osteosarcoma.

Exploration of the Pharmacological Mechanism of Vitexicarpin against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Network Pharmacology.

Background: Vitexicarpin (VIT), an isoflavone derived from various medicinal herbs, has shown promising anti-tumor activities against multiple cancer cells. However, the understanding of the mechanisms and potential targets of VIT in treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains limited.

Methods: The potential VIT targets were searched for in the Super-PRED online database, while the TNBC targets were acquired in the DisGeNET database, and the Veeny database was used to identify the VIT and TNBC targets that overlapped.