Signal Transduction of Constitutive Activating and Inactivating Eel Lutropin/Choriogonadotropin Receptor (Eel LH/CGR) Mutants by Recombinant Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (Rec-eCG).

Lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor (LH/CGR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. LH/CGRs in fish and mammalian species have been reported to contain naturally occurring, constitutively activating, and inactivating mutations in highly conserved regions. The present study was designed to determine the functional aspect of eel LH/CGR signal transduction.

Bisecting GlcNAc modification of vesicular GAS6 regulates CAFs activation and breast cancer metastasis.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a pivotal component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), playing key roles in tumor initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. While glycosylation is known to regulate various cellular processes, its impact on CAFs activation remains insufficiently explored.

Methods: We assessed the correlation between bisecting GlcNAc levels and CAFs markers (α-SMA, PDGFRA, PDGFRB) in breast cancer tissues.

Effect of nationwide postoperative rehabilitation at home program after lower extremity surgeries in older and younger people.

Background: A nationwide Rehabilitation at Home Care Pilot Program for patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgeries has been ongoing since 2020. The program was designed to improve clinical outcomes through early mobilization and rehabilitation after discharge. This study aimed to analyze the interim data to assess its effectiveness and suggest improvements, particularly for older patients who are more vulnerable compared to younger patients.

χ-sepnet: Deep Neural Network for Magnetic Susceptibility Source Separation.

Magnetic susceptibility source separation (χ-separation), an advanced quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) method, enables the separate estimation of paramagnetic and diamagnetic susceptibility source distributions in the brain. Similar to QSM, it requires solving the ill-conditioned problem of dipole inversion, suffering from so-called streaking artifacts. Additionally, the method utilizes reversible transverse relaxation ( ) to complement frequency shift information for estimating susceptibility source concentrations, requiring time-consuming data acquisition for (e.

Engineering a membrane protein chaperone to ameliorate the proteotoxicity of mutant huntingtin.

Toxic protein aggregates are associated with various neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD). Since no current treatment delays the progression of HD, we develop a mechanistic approach to prevent mutant huntingtin (mHttex1) aggregation. Here, we engineer the ATP-independent cytosolic chaperone PEX19, which targets peroxisomal membrane proteins to peroxisomes, to remove mHttex1 aggregates.

Synergistic effects of reduced graphene oxide on the antibacterial activity of calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medicaments containing different vehicles.

Purpose: This study investigated the synergistic effects of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on the antibacterial activity of three calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medicaments with different vehicles.

Methods: Multispecies biofilms were cultured in a bovine root canal model. Intracanal medicaments containing nonaqueous vehicles, including N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP; CleaniCal), propylene glycol (PG; UltraCal XS), and polyethylene glycol (PEG; Calcipex II), were placed in the model.

The Validity of a Smartphone-Based Application for Assessing Cognitive Function in the Elderly.

The early detection of individuals at risk of cognitive impairment is a clinical imperative. With the recent advancement of digital devices, smartphone application-based cognitive assessment is considered a promising tool for cognitive screening and monitoring inside and outside the clinic. This study examined whether a smartphone-based cognitive assessment, Brain OK, was valid for evaluating cognitive performance and identifying people at risk of cognitive impairment.

Patient satisfaction and feasibility with a novel drug-injectable urethral catheter set for hyaluronic acid administration: a multicenter randomized trial.

Reducing the risk of urethral strictures after transurethral surgery for patients with bladder cancer requires effective strategies. We compared the clinical outcomes of a novel drug-injectable urethral catheter set (NIUS) with hyaluronic acid (HA) with those of the conventional intraurethral HA injection method. This six-center, prospective, randomized, single-blind trial included 192 male patients aged ≥ 20 years scheduled to undergo transurethral surgery.

Dietary Restriction and Lipid Metabolism: Unveiling Pathways to Extended Healthspan.

Dietary restriction (DR) has been reported to be a significant intervention that influences lipid metabolism and potentially modulates the aging process in a wide range of organisms. Lipid metabolism plays a pivotal role in the regulation of aging and longevity. In this review, we summarize studies on the significant role of lipid metabolism in aging in relation to DR.

Impact of the Quadriceps Angle on Health and Injury Risk in Female Athletes.

The quadriceps angle, knowns as the Q-angle, is an anatomical feature of the human body that is still largely unknown and unstudied despite its initial discovery in the 1950s. The strength disparities between male and female athletes are largely determined by the Q-angle. In spite of a growing number of women participating in sports such as track, tennis, soccer, gymnastics, basketball, volleyball, swimming, and softball, studies investigating injuries in this group are scanty.

Capsular Contracture After Postmastectomy Radiation in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: Effect of Implant Pocket and Two-Stage Surgery.

Capsular contracture (CC) is a concerning issue for individuals undergoing postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) with implant-based breast reconstruction. This study investigated whether the extent of CC and implant migration differs based on implant placement and the reconstruction stage. Insertion plane and stage of breast implants were investigated, and the presence and severe cases of CC and implant migration were analyzed.

Impact of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization on Clinical Characteristics, Antibiotic Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia.

Purpose: To determine effects of colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) in general wards on characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with HAP admitted to 16 tertiary or university hospitals in Korea from July 2019 to December 2019. From the entire cohort, patients who developed pneumonia in general wards with known colonization status before the onset of pneumonia were included in this study.

Clinical significance of various pathogens identified in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD: a multi-center study in South Korea.

Background: Respiratory infection is a major cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). We investigated the presence of bacterial and viral pathogens and clinical features in patients with AECOPD.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,186 patients diagnosed with AECOPD from 28 hospitals in South Korea between 2015-2018.

Cardiovascular Etiologies and Risk Factors of Survival Outcomes After Resuscitation for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Data From the KoCARC Registry.

Background And Objectives: The outcomes and characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) vary across geographic regions. The etiologies and prognoses of OHCA in Asian populations remain less established. This study aimed to investigate the etiologies and clinical characteristics of patients successfully resuscitated after OHCA and to identify predictors of survival outcomes.

Unlocking Novel Functionality: Pseudocapacitive Sensing in MXene-Based Flexible Supercapacitors.

Extensively explored for their distinctive pseudocapacitance characteristics, MXenes, a distinguished group of 2D materials, have led to remarkable achievements, particularly in the realm of energy storage devices. This work presents an innovative Pseudocapacitive Sensor. The key lies in switching the energy storage kinetics from pseudocapacitor to electrical double layer capacitor by employing the change of local pH (-log[H]) in MXene-based flexible supercapacitors during bending.

Machine learning and game theory for cyber governance: Enhancing public opinion and regional sustainable development.

Cyberspace is emerging as a critical living environment, significantly influencing sustainable human development. Internet public opinion is a crucial aspect of cyberspace governance, serving as the most important form of expressing popular will. However, perceiving public opinion can be challenging due to its complex and elusive nature.

Exploring the mechanisms underlying recovery from freeze-thaw injury in Colobanthus quitensis: mechanistic insights via transcriptome profiling.

Antarctic plants face significant challenges due to exposure to freeze-thaw stress throughout their life cycle. The ability to recover from freeze-thaw injuries during post-thaw recovery (PTR) periods is a crucial skill for their survival and growth. However, no research, to the best our knowledge, has explored their recovery mechanisms at the cellular and molecular levels.

Bio-mitigation of CO: The co-production of phycocyanin and optically pure (R)-γ-valerolactone with perfect enantiomeric excess.

To overcome the climate crisis, various greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation strategies have been developed, and every effort has been made to achieve carbon neutrality. Given that petroleum-based industries and the transportation sector emit enormous amounts of GHGs, the product spectra of biorefineries should be expanded beyond drop-in biofuels to include more value-added products. This study aimed to construct a CO mitigation system.

Efficacy and safety of everolimus for patients with focal cortical dysplasia type 2.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of everolimus in treating seizures associated with focal cortical dysplasia type 2 (FCD 2).

Methods: A prospective, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03198949) enrolled patients aged 4-40 years with pathologically confirmed FCD 2 and a history of ≥3 seizures per month for two out of the 3 months prior to screening.

A comprehensive analysis of in-hospital adverse events after scopolamine administration: insights from a retrospective cohort study using a large nationwide inpatient database.

Background: Scopolamine is a widely used antiemetic in anesthetic practice, particularly for postoperative and post-discharge nausea and vomiting. Despite its frequent usage and recognized efficacy, concerns have emerged regarding the potential for increased side effects, particularly in elderly patients. Further research is needed to assess safety and determine age thresholds for adverse events.

Long-Lasting Exendin-4-Coated Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis and In Vivo Evaluation of Hypoglycemic Activity.

Background: Gold nanoparticles (NPs) have drawn great attention in the area of biomedical research with their relatively safe and versatile properties. This study aimed to synthesize long-lasting exendin-4-coated gold NPs (EX-ABD-AFF-GoldNPs) and evaluate their anti-diabetic effects in vivo.

Methods: In the present study, EX-ABD-AFF-GoldNPs were synthesized using a simple one-step aqueous reduction method.

Antimicrobial Peptide Pro10-1D Exhibits Anti-Allergic Activity: A Promising Therapeutic Candidate.

Although antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit a range of biological functions, reports on AMPs with therapeutic effects in allergic disorders are limited. In this study, we investigated the anti-allergic effects of Pro10-1D, a 10-meric AMP derived from insect defensin protaetiamycine. Our findings demonstrate that Pro10-1D effectively inhibits antigen-induced degranulation of mast cells (MCs) with IC values of approximately 11.