AI model using CT-based imaging biomarkers to predict hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Background & Aims: Various hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prediction models have been proposed for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) using clinical variables. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based HCC prediction model by incorporating imaging biomarkers derived from abdominal computed tomography (CT) images along with clinical variables.

Methods: An AI prediction model employing a gradient-boosting machine algorithm was developed utilizing imaging biomarkers extracted by DeepFore, a deep learning-based CT auto-segmentation software.

Nurses' Perceptions and Behaviours Regarding Climate Change and Health: A Quantile Regression Analysis.

Aims: The aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with nurses' perceptions and behaviours related to climate change and health (PBCH) according to their PBCH levels.

Design: A cross-sectional study was used.

Methods: This study included a sample of 499 Korean nurses and adhered to the STROBE checklist.

Determination of a robust headspace GC-MS/MS method for analysis of ethyl alcohol and acetaldehyde: clinical application to pharmacokinetics study.

Due to the forensic aspects of drinking and exposure to toxic substances, more sophisticated quantitative technology is needed to quantify the concentration of ethyl alcohol and acetaldehyde in the blood. In this study, we developed a headspace gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method that could simultaneously detect ethyl alcohol and acetaldehyde in human plasma. Through a simple preparation process, ethyl alcohol and acetaldehyde were quickly detected within 4 min, and a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) (20 and 0.

Advanced clinical symptoms of the antihangover compound HK-GCM-H01 in healthy Koreans.

A hangover is a combination of negative mental and physical symptoms, such as headache, diarrhea, and loss of appetite, that occur after alcohol consumption and can vary depending on individual genetic and environmental factors. To quickly relieve these hangover symptoms, a new hangover relief compound called HK-GCM-H01 has been developed. This compound, HK-GCM-H01, consists of fermented rice germ extracts, yeast extract mixtures, cili extract powder, and concentrated nipafam powder, all of which are known to relieve hangover symptoms.

UCHL1 Overexpression Is Related to the Aggressive Phenotype of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), which encodes thiol protease that hydrolyzes a peptide bond at the C-terminal glycine residue of ubiquitin, regulates cell differentiation, proliferation, transcriptional regulation, and numerous other biological processes and may be involved in lung cancer progression. UCHL1 is mainly expressed in the brain and plays a tumor-promoting role in a few cancer types; however, there are limited reports regarding its role in lung cancer.

Methods: Single-cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing using 10X chromium v3 was performed on a paired normal-appearing and tumor tissue from surgical specimens of a patient who showed unusually rapid progression.

The Predictive Value of Time-Varying Noninvasive Scores on Long-Term Prognosis of NAFLD in South Korea.

Background: This study aimed to examine whether repeated measurements on noninvasive fibrosis scores during follow-up improve long-term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) outcome prediction.

Methods: A cohort study of 2,280 NAFLD patients diagnosed at the Seoul National University Hospital from 2001 to 2015 was conducted. Multivariable Cox regression models with baseline and designated time-point measurements of the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) were used to assess the association between these scores and overall mortality, liver-related outcomes, and cardiovascular events.

A Modular Biosensor Design for Quantitative Measurement of Free Nedd8.

The objective of our study was to develop a genetically encoded biosensor for quantification of Nedd8, a post-translational modifier that regulates cellular signals through conjugation to other proteins. Perturbations in the balance of free (i.e.

Correction to: Application of in fermentation and its brewing characteristics.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01265-6.].

Charcot Neuroarthropathy of the Shoulder Caused by Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a chronic degenerative disorder of bones and joints, mostly associated with diabetes mellitus and human immunodeficiency virus. CN of the upper limb is rare, with only 58 case reports identified on PubMed with the majority of cases being closely associated with syringomyelia. Very rarely, cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is associated with CN of the upper limb; with very few literature reporting this association.

Patient-centered care for mental health in patients with heart failure in the intensive care unit: A systematic review.

Aim: To assess basic data for developing appropriate interventions by examining the effects of patient-centered care (PCC) on the mental health of patients with heart failure in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Background: Patients with heart failure are frequently admitted to ICUs, and ICU stays are associated with prolonged mental health problems.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review using the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and gray literature databases.

Pharmacodynamics Between a Dual Delayed-Release Formulation of Low-Dose Esomeprazole and Famotidine in Healthy Korean Subjects.

Purpose: Gastritis, one of the most common clinically diagnosed conditions, is defined as the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the gastric mucosa. Drugs for gastritis include histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which reduce acidity in the stomach, and antacids, which neutralize acid. Esomeprazole is a PPI for gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastric and duodenal ulcers that has been shown to be safe and effective at a 10 mg dose.

Comparison of volatile compound profiles derived from various livestock protein alternatives including edible-insect, and plant-based proteins.

In this study, the distinctive chemical fingerprints that contribute to the flavor characteristics of various protein materials, such as insects, plant-based protein, and livestock, were investigated. In edible-insects ( and ), aldehydes and cyclic volatile compounds were the predominant volatile components and had distinct flavor characteristics such as cheesy, sharp, green, floral, and sweet. In contrast, the relatively high levels of pyrazines and furans in plant-based protein materials, such as textured vegetable and pea protein.

Lack of association between early on-treatment HBeAg seroclearance and development of hepatocellular carcinoma or decompensated cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: The association between hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) seroclearance during long-term nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the association of HBeAg seroclearance during potent NA treatment with the development of HCC and decompensated cirrhosis.

Methods: Using a multicenter historical cohort including 2,392 non-cirrhotic adult patients with HBeAg-positive CHB who initiated NA treatment with tenofovir or entecavir, the risk of HCC and decompensated cirrhosis was compared between patients who achieved HBeAg seroclearance within 36 months of NA treatment (the HBeAg-loss group) and those who did not (the HBeAg-maintained group), using inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Longitudinal Relationship Between Baseline Social Frailty and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: 14-Year Follow-Up Results From the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal relationship between social frailty and cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults.

Design: This retrospective cohort study is based on the first to eighth waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2006-2020).

Setting And Participants: The participants were 2106 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older and without cognitive impairment in 2006.

Stilbenoid derivatives as potent inhibitors of HIF-1α-centric cancer metabolism under hypoxia.

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a crucial transcription factor associated with cancer metabolism and is regarded as a potent anticancer therapeutic strategy within the hypoxic microenvironment of cancer. In this study, stilbenoid derivatives were designed, synthesized, and assessed for their capacity to inhibit HIF-1α-associated cancer metabolism and evaluated for inhibition of cancer cell viability and HIF activation. Through the structure-activity relationship studies, compound 28e was identified as the most potent derivative.

Extrahepatic malignancies and antiviral drugs for chronic hepatitis B: A nationwide cohort study.

Background/aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is related to an increased risk of extrahepatic malignancy (EHM), and antiviral treatment is associated with an incidence of EHM comparable to controls. We compared the risks of EHM and intrahepatic malignancy (IHM) between entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) treatment.

Methods: Using data from the National Health Insurance Service of Korea, this nationwide cohort study included treatment-naïve CHB patients who initiated ETV (n=24,287) or TDF (n=29,199) therapy between 2012 and 2014.

A phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, amlexanox, reduces neuroinflammation and neuronal death after pilocarpine-induced seizure.

Epilepsy, a complex neurological disorder, is characterized by recurrent seizures caused by aberrant electrical activity in the brain. Central to this study is the role of lysosomal dysfunction in epilepsy, which can lead to the accumulation of toxic substrates and impaired autophagy in neurons. Our focus is on phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), an enzyme that plays a crucial role in regulating intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels by converting it into adenosine monophosphate (AMP).

Comparison of the pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioequivalence between two nanosuspension formulations of megestrol acetate in healthy Korean male subjects.

Unlabelled: Megestrol is commonly used to address appetite loss, cachexia, and significant weight loss in cancer or acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics and determine the bioequivalence of two orally administered megestrol acetate suspensions (625 mg/5 mL) in healthy Korean male subjects. A randomized, open-label, single-dose crossover study was conducted involving fifty-four healthy male subjects who were randomized into two sequence groups.

Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 and liver-related complications in individuals with diabetes: a Mendelian randomization and population-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: No medication has been found to reduce liver-related events. We evaluated the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on liver-related outcomes.

Approach And Results: Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with SGLT2 inhibition were identified, and a genetic risk score (GRS) was computed using the UK Biobank data (n=337,138).

The Virtual Geriatric Assessment Interdisciplinary Team Project: Interprofessional Geriatric Training Against the Backdrop of COVID-19.

Interprofessional geriatric education programs enhance trainees' knowledge of older adults, and the valuable contributions health and social care practitioners make to their well-being when specialists work collaboratively. In response to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, in-person geriatric interprofessional education (IPE) programs were redesigned for virtual delivery. Nineteen virtual programs were held between September 2020 and December 2022.

The effects of different extraction methods on essential oils from orange and tangor: From the peel to the essential oil.

Citrus fruits are largely consumed due to their unique and pleasant aromas. hybrids have been developed to enhance their flavors and bioactivities. Citrus aroma depends on the composition of the volatile compounds in citrus essential oils (CEOs), which are mostly located in the peels.

Comparison of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and lenvatinib for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis.

Background/aim: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and lenvatinib are currently available as first-line therapy for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, comparative efficacy studies are still limited. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of these treatments in HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).