A hyposensitive anticancer drug induces higher surface expression and release of heat shock proteins in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) respond to multiple stresses and have been implicated as essential immune chaperones that regulate innate and adaptive immunity. The exposure of HSPs containing tumour peptide complex to immune surveillance elements may elicit a specific anti-tumour response. The present study examined the potential of anticancer drugs to induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells and elicit the expression of HSP proteins, including HSP70 and gp96, on the membrane or their release to the extracellular environment, leading to HSP exposure.

Towards the chiral metabolomics: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based DL-amino acid analysis after labeling with a new chiral reagent, (S)-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl-1-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate, and the application to saliva of healthy volunteers.

A novel triazine-type chiral derivatization reagent, i.e., (S)-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl-1-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (DMT-(S)-Pro-OSu), was developed for the highly sensitive and selective detection of chiral amines and amino acids by UPLC-MS/MS analysis.

Metabolomics approach of infant formula for the evaluation of contamination and degradation using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

In this study including the field of metabolomics approach for food, the evaluation of untargeted compounds using HILIC-ESI/TOF/MS and multivariate statistical analysis method is proposed for the assessment of classification, contamination and degradation of infant formula. HILIC mode is used to monitor more detected numbers in infant formulas in the ESI-positive scan mode than the reversed phase. The repeatability of the non-targeted contents from 4 kinds of infant formulas based on PCA was less than the relative standard deviation of 15% in all groups.

First observation of N-acetyl leucine and N-acetyl isoleucine in diabetic patient hair and quantitative analysis by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS.

Background: Type 2 diabetes patients (DP) have significantly higher plasma levels of valine, leucine, isoleucine and alanine than the controls. Specific amino acids may acutely and chronically regulate insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells. We recently identified a metabolic signature of N-acetyl leucine (Ac-Leu) that strongly predicts diabetes development in mice hair.

The association between kidney function and major bleeding in older adults with atrial fibrillation starting warfarin treatment: population based observational study.

Objective: To determine rates of major bleeding by level of kidney function for older adults with atrial fibrillation starting warfarin.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Community based, using province wide laboratory and administrative data in Alberta, Canada.

Assessing the Validity of Surrogate Outcomes for ESRD: A Meta-Analysis.

Validation of current and promising surrogate outcomes for ESRD in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has been limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs to further inform the ability of surrogate outcomes for ESRD to predict the efficacy of various interventions on ESRD. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL (from inception through September 2013) were searched.

The expression levels of transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and FOXP3 in peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) of patients with liver cancer and their significance.

Objectives: To investigate the expression of transcriptional factors (TFs) T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and FOXP in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to evaluate the correlation between the imbalances of Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg at the expression levels and liver cancer Methods: The peripheral venous blood was drawn from 20 HCC-patients (HCC-group) and 20 health participants (C-group). The expression levels of Th1, Th2 and Th17 and the major Treg-specific TFs T-bet, GATA-3, RORγt and FOXP3 in the PBMC were measured with quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR).

Results: The mRNA level of Th1-specific TF T-bet in HCC-group was significantly lower than that of C-group (52.

Insulin-producing cells from embryonic stem cells rescues hyperglycemia via intra-spleen migration.

Implantation of embryonic stem cells (ESC)-derived insulin-producing cells has been extensively investigated for treatment of diabetes in animal models. However, the in vivo behavior and migration of transplanted cells in diabetic models remains unclear. Here we investigated the location and migration of insulin-producing cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) using a dynamic MRI tracking method.

Vps4A functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating the secretion and uptake of exosomal microRNAs in human hepatoma cells.

Unlabelled: The deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in human hepatocarcinogenesis. In this study, we highlight exosomes as mediators involved in modulating miRNA profiles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. First, we examined the different miRNA expression profiles in HCC cells and HCC cell-derived exosomes.

Determining research priorities through partnership with patients: an overview.

There is an increasing level of emphasis being placed on health care providers and funders to incorporate patient-centered care into research. Involving patients and caregivers in establishing research priorities ensures the relevance of the research produced. Priority setting is a process that can be used to produce a robust set of research questions that researchers can address over the coming years.

[A comparative study of hand-assisted laparoscopic versus pure laparoscopic major hepatectom].

Objective: To compare the outcomes of hand-assisted laparoscopic liver surgery (HALS) and pure laparoscopic liver surgery (PLS).

Methods: The clinical data were analyzed for 64 patients undergoing major hepatectomy with HALH (23 cases) and PLS (41 cases) between January, 2010 and December, 2012.

Results: The general data of the two groups were comparable.

Profiling of chiral and achiral carboxylic acid metabolomics: synthesis and evaluation of triazine-type chiral derivatization reagents for carboxylic acids by LC-ESI-MS/MS and the application to saliva of healthy volunteers and diabetic patients.

Novel triazine-type chiral derivatization reagents, i.e., (S)-1-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-3-amine (DMT-3(S)-Apy) and (S)-4,6-dimethoxy-N-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (DMT-1(S)-Apy), were developed for the highly sensitive and selective detection of chiral carboxylic acids by UPLC-MS/MS analysis.

Risk factor analysis of perioperative mortality after ruptured bleeding in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To discuss strategies and prognosis for the emergency treatment of ruptured bleeding in primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: The retrospective analysis was performed by examining the emergency treatment experiences of 60 cases of ruptured bleeding in primary hepatocellular carcinoma. The treatment methods included surgical tumour resection, transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and non-surgical treatment.

Validation of risk assessment models for predicting the incidence of breast cancer in korean women.

Purpose: The Gail model is one of the most widely used tools to assess the risk of breast cancer. However, it is known to overestimate breast cancer risk for Asian women. Here, we validate the Gail model and the Korean model using Korean data, and subsequently update and revalidate the Korean model using recent data.

Evaluation of gardenia yellow using crocetin from alkaline hydrolysis based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography and high-speed countercurrent chromatography.

Gardenia yellow is globally the most valuable spice and food color. It is generally a mixture of water-soluble carotenoid glycosyl esters which consist of crocetin bis(gentiobiosyl) ester as the main component. Crocetin is a natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid that may be a candidate drug for pharmaceutical development, however, it is either present in trace amounts or is absent in natural gardenia yellow products.

Computational prediction of diastereomeric separation behavior of fluorescent o-phthalaldehyde derivatives of amino acids.

We have developed a convenient method for predicting the LC resolution of amino acid diastereomers through computational calculations. For acquiring experimental data, we derivatized 10 amino acids using o-phthalaldehyde and N-acetyl-L-cysteine as fluorogenic diastereomer-forming reagents and analyzed the diastereomers using reversed-phase LC and fluorescence detection. For theoretical chemical calculations, we used the publicly available semi-empirical calculation software MOPAC2012.

Short-term change in eGFR and risk of cardiovascular events.

Background: Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on a single occasion is associated with risk of cardiovascular events; whether the degree of change in eGFR during a 1-year period adds prognostic information is unknown.

Methods And Results: We included adults who had ≥2 outpatient eGFR measurements (≥6 months apart) during a 1-year accrual period in Alberta, Canada. According to recent guidelines, we used a change in eGFR category (≥90, 60 to 89, 45 to 59, 30 to 44, 15 to 29, and <15 mL/min per 1.

4-(4,6-Dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride as an enantioseparation enhancer for fluorescence chiral derivatization-liquid chromatographic analysis of dl-lactic acid.

This paper reports a novel fluorescence chiral derivatization-liquid chromatography (LC) method for the analysis of d- and l-lactic acids (LAs) using 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMT-MM) as an enantioseparation enhancer. In this method, the dl-LAs were fluorescently derivatized with (S)-(+)-4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-7-(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole [(S)-(+)-DBD-APy] in the presence of DMT-MM as a condensing agent. These conditions resulted in the hydroxyl group of the LA derivative being etherified by the triazine unit of DMT-MM, producing sterically bulky diastereoisomers.

The gene cluster for para-nitrophenol catabolism is responsible for 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol degradation in Burkholderia sp. strain SJ98.

Burkholderia sp. strain SJ98 (DSM 23195) utilizes 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol (2C4NP) or para-nitrophenol (PNP) as a sole source of carbon and energy. Here, by genetic and biochemical analyses, a 2C4NP catabolic pathway different from those of all other 2C4NP utilizers was identified with chloro-1,4-benzoquinone (CBQ) as an intermediate.

Automatic analyzer for highly polar carboxylic acids based on fluorescence derivatization-liquid chromatography.

A sensitive, versatile, and reproducible automatic analyzer for highly polar carboxylic acids based on a fluorescence derivatization-liquid chromatography (LC) method was developed. In this method, carboxylic acids were automatically and fluorescently derivatized with 4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-7-piperazino-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-PZ) in the presence of 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride by adopting a pretreatment program installed in an LC autosampler. All of the DBD-PZ-carboxylic acid derivatives were separated on the ODS column within 30 min by gradient elution.

Simple and sensitive analysis of histamine and tyramine in Japanese soy sauces and their intermediates using the stable isotope dilution HILIC-MS/MS method.

We established a simple, sensitive, and reproducible method to analyze the histamine and tyramine levels in Japanese soy sauce and its mash (called moromi) using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS). Histamine and tyramine quantification was performed using their stable isotopes for electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry in the selected reaction monitoring mode. The sample pretreatment process was a simple, one-step liquid-liquid extraction.

UPLC/ESI-MS/MS-based determination of metabolism of several new illicit drugs, ADB-FUBINACA, AB-FUBINACA, AB-PINACA, QUPIC, 5F-QUPIC and α-PVT, by human liver microsome.

The metabolism by human liver microsomes of several new illicit drugs, that is, N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3- carboxamide (ADB-FUBINACA), N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1- (4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-FUBINACA), N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-PINACA), quinolin-8-yl 1-pentyl-(1H-indole)-3-carboxylate (QUPIC), quinolin-8-yl 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-(1H-indole)-3-carboxylate (5 F-QUPIC) and α-pyrrolidinovalerothiophenone (α-PVT), which have indole, indazole, quinolinol ester and thiophene structures, was investigated using reversed-phase chromatography and mass spectrometry. The present method is based upon the oxidation by cytochrome p450 superfamily enzymes in the microsomes. The oxidation of ADB-FUBINACA and AB-FUBINACA mainly occurred on the N-(1-amino-alkyl-1-oxobutan) moiety.