Anti-Cancer Effect of Sulforaphane in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells Mia PaCa-2.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is difficult to treat early as it has no early symptoms. The presence of sulforaphane (SFN) in cruciferous vegetables has been found to possess anti-cancer effects in gastric and colon cancers. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine kinase, plays a significant role in pancreatic cancer progression, influencing tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance.

Effect of Barley on Postprandial Blood Glucose Response and Appetite in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Barley dietary fiber (BDF), particularly β-glucan, has shown potential in modulating postprandial glycemic responses and improving metabolic health. This study aimed to assess the effects of Saechalssalbori ( L.), a glutinous barley variety rich in β-glucan, on postprandial blood glucose, insulin, glucagon, triglycerides, and appetite-related hormones in healthy adults.

Effect of the probiotic CMS1 on the immune response and the oral microbiome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study.

The oral cavity connects the external environment and the respiratory and digestive systems, and the oral microbial ecosystem is complex and plays a crucial role in overall health and immune defense against external threats. Recently, the potential use of probiotics for disease prevention and treatment has gained attention. This study aimed to assess the effect of CMS1 ( CMS1) consumption on the oral microbiome and immune function in healthy individuals through a 12-week clinical trial.

Protective effect of gomisin N on benzyl butyl phthalate-induced dysfunction of testosterone production in TM3 Leydig cells.

Background: Exposure to benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) may induce disorders in the male reproductive system. However, the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here we investigated the effect of BBP on testosterone production and its molecular mechanisms.

The complete chloroplast genome of Mitt. (Porellaceae) and phylogenetic relationships to other bryophytes.

Mitt. (Jungermanniidae, Porellaceae), a bryophyte is widespread in temperate Asia and North America. In Korea, is mainly observed in shaded and dried rocks or tree trunks on mountains.

Brown Seaweed Consumption as a Promising Strategy for Blood Glucose Management: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis.

Diabetes is a chronic condition that can lead to various complications; therefore, there is a need to emphasize prevention and management. Dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet or calorie-restricted regimens, coupled with exercise-induced weight reduction, have been recommended for enhancing diabetes management. Seaweeds contain various functional components, such as polyphenols and fucoidan, which have been reported to exert multiple benefits, including blood glucose regulation, improved intestinal health, and enhanced of lipid profiles.

A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Comprehensive Sexuality Education Programs on Children and Adolescents.

Childhood and adolescence are crucial periods for developing one's awareness of sexuality. Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) during these stages is essential for overall growth, fostering healthy self-concepts, and addressing diverse sexual issues among children and adolescents globally. A meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of CSE programs.

Rice Bran Extract Suppresses High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Hepatosteatosis through Targeting AMPK and STAT3 Signaling.

Rice bran, a by-product of rice milling, is abundant in bioactive molecules and is highly recognized for its health-promoting properties, particularly in improving metabolic conditions. Building on this knowledge, we aimed to optimize the extraction conditions to maximize the functional efficacy of rice bran extract (RBE) and further validate its impact on lipid metabolism. We found that the optimized RBE (ORBE) significantly suppressed high-fat diet-induced weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and hepatosteatosis in mouse models.

Structural analysis and prebiotic activity of exopolysaccharide produced by probiotic strain EPS DA-LAIM.

Unlabelled: Exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing EPS DA-LAIM was isolated from healthy human feces, the structure of purified EPS from the strain was analyzed, and its prebiotic activity was evaluated. The EPS from EPS DA-LAIM is a glucomannan-type heteropolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 407-1007 kDa, and its structure comprises 2-mannosyl, 6-mannosyl, and 2,6-mannosyl residues. The purified EPS promoted the growth of representative lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacterial strains.

Schisandrol A and gomisin N from extract improve hypogonadism via anti-oxidative stress in TM3 Leydig cells.

Background/objectives: Male hypogonadism is a condition where the body does not produce enough testosterone and significantly impacts health. Age, obesity, genetics, and oxidative stress are some physiological factors that may contribute to testosterone deficiency. Previous studies have shown many pharmacological benefits of () Baillon as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.

Potential Probiotic Properties of Exopolysaccharide-Producing EPS DA-BACS and Prebiotic Activity of Its Exopolysaccharide.

Exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing EPS DA-BACS was isolated from healthy human feces and its probiotic properties, as well as the structure and prebiotic activity of the EPS from this strain were examined. EPS from EPS DA-BACS had a ropy phenotype, which is known to have potential health benefits and is identified as loosely cell-bounded glucomannan-type EPS with a molecular size of 3.7 × 10 Da.

Nanophotosensitizers Composed of Phenyl Boronic Acid Pinacol Ester-Conjugated Chitosan Oligosaccharide via Thioketal Linker for Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Delivery of Chlorin e6 against Oral Cancer Cells.

Chlorin E6 (Ce6)-incorporated nanophotosensitizers were fabricated for application in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of oral cancer cells. For this purpose, chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was conjugated with hydrophobic and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive moieties, such as phenyl boronic acid pinacol ester (PBAP) via a thioketal linker (COSthPBAP). ThdCOOH was conjugated with PBAP to produce ThdCOOH-PBAP conjugates and then attached to amine groups of COS to produce a COSthPBAP copolymer.

Heavy metal removal using an advanced removal method to obtain recyclable paper incineration ash.

Various agents, including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and HCl, were applied to remove heavy metals from raw paper incineration ash and render the ash recyclable. Among these prepared agent solutions, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid showed the highest efficiency for Pb removal, while oxalic acid showed the highest efficiencies for Cu, Cd, and As removal. Additionally, three modes of an advanced removal method, which involved the use of both ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and oxalic acid, were considered for use at the end of the rendering process.

Optimization of a renewable hydrogen production system from food waste: A combination of anaerobic digestion and biogas reforming.

In this study, hydrogen production using food waste was optimized by investigating the effect of agitator types in anaerobic digestion reactors and catalysts for biogas reforming. The applied agitators were pitched blade and hydrofoil, and their effect on homogeneity was estimated using computational fluid dynamics. Reactors with different agitators were operated for 60 days for biogas production.

Nutritional and Functional Properties of Fermented Mixed Grains by Solid-State Fermentation with 245.

Fermented foods have several advantages, including increased nutritional value, improved bioavailability, and functional health properties. We examined that these outcomes were also observed in fermented mixed grains (FMG) containing wheat germ, wheat bran, oats, brown rice, barley, quinoa, and lentils following solid-state fermentation (SSF) by 245. The metabolic profile during fermentation was screened using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF-MS).

Cloning and Heterologous Expression of the β-Galactosidase Gene from RD47 in BGN4.

The gene encoding β-galactosidase was cloned from RD47 with combinations of several bifidobacterial promoters and expressed in BGN4. Among the recombinant bifidobacteria, BGN4+G1 showed the highest β-galactosidase level, for which the hydrolytic activity was continuously 2.5 to 4.

Improvement of electroporation-mediated transformation efficiency for a Bifidobacterium strain to a reproducibly high level.

Bifidobacteria are representative probiotics which are defined as live microorganisms that confer a health benefit on the host. Because of their safety and healthfulness when applied to humans, bifidobacteria are suitable as genetically engineered bacteria for applications to benefit human physiology and pathology. However, molecular biological studies of bifidobacteria have been limited due to insufficient genetic tools including effective transformation methods.

Mediator Kinase Disruption in MED12-Mutant Uterine Fibroids From Hispanic Women of South Texas.

Context: Mutations in the gene encoding Mediator complex subunit MED12 are dominant drivers of uterine fibroids (UFs) in women of diverse racial and ethnic origins. Previously, we showed that UF-linked mutations in MED12 disrupt its ability to activate cyclin C-CDK8/19 in Mediator. However, validation of Mediator kinase disruption in the clinically relevant setting of MED12-mutant UFs is currently lacking.

Oncogenic exon 2 mutations in Mediator subunit MED12 disrupt allosteric activation of cyclin C-CDK8/19.

Somatic mutations in exon 2 of the RNA polymerase II transcriptional Mediator subunit occur at high frequency in uterine fibroids (UFs) and breast fibroepithelial tumors as well as recurrently, albeit less frequently, in malignant uterine leimyosarcomas, chronic lymphocytic leukemias, and colorectal cancers. Previously, we reported that UF-linked mutations in MED12 disrupt its ability to activate cyclin C (CycC)-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) in Mediator, implicating impaired Mediator-associated CDK8 activity in the molecular pathogenesis of these clinically significant lesions. Notably, the CDK8 paralog CDK19 is also expressed in myometrium, and both CDK8 and CDK19 assemble into Mediator in a mutually exclusive manner, suggesting that CDK19 activity may also be germane to the pathogenesis of mutation-induced UFs.

Effects of Ojeok-san on the Pharmacokinetics of Celecoxib at Steady-state in Healthy Volunteers.

Ojeok-san is a frequently used herbal medication for the management of osteoarthritic pain. We evaluated the effect of Ojeok-san on the pharmacokinetics of celecoxib at steady-state in healthy individuals. An open-label, fixed-sequence, two-period, two-treatment cross-over study was conducted.

Hispolon as an inhibitor of TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human epithelial cancer cells by co-regulation of TGF-β-Snail/Twist axis.

Hispolon (HPL), isolated from , has been used to treat various types of pathology, including inflammation, gastroenteric disorders, lymphatic diseases and numerous cancer subtypes. HPL has previously been reported to demonstrate a significant therapeutic efficacy against various types of cancer cells, including melanoma, leukemia, hepatocarcinoma, bladder and gastric cancer cells. However, its potential role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has not been demonstrated.

Characteristics of speech production in patients with T1 glottic cancer who underwent laser cordectomy or radiotherapy.

Purpose: Laser cordectomy (LC) or radiotherapy (RT) is often recommended in the early stage of laryngeal cancer. We conducted perceptual and acoustic analysis to compare sustained vowel and stop consonants since there is no article evaluating both the sustained vowel and stop consonants. Eventually, we might determine which management is superior in terms of speech production.

Piperlongumine inhibits TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by modulating the expression of E-cadherin, Snail1, and Twist1.

Cancer is a life-threatening disease, and the occurrence of metastasis, which increases the lethality of primary tumors, is increasing. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process by which epithelial cells lose cell-cell adhesion properties and acquire mesenchymal properties, including motility and invasiveness. EMT is considered an early stage of metastasis; therefore, inhibiting EMT may be an effective anticancer therapy.

Hydrophobically modified polysaccharide-based on polysialic acid nanoparticles as carriers for anticancer drugs.

This study presented the development of hydrophobically modified polysialic acid (HPSA) nanoparticles, a novel anticancer drug nanocarrier that increases therapeutic efficacy without causing nonspecific toxicity towards normal cells. HPSA nanoparticles were prepared by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling between N-deacetylated polysialic acid (PSA) and 5β-cholanic acid. The physicochemical characteristics of HPSA nanoparticles (zeta-potential, morphology and size) were measured, and in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of PSA and HPSA nanoparticles were tested in A549 cells.

The Phonetic Characteristics in Patients of Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Without Tracheotomy.

Objectives: Patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) theoretically have difficulty producing voiceless consonants. However, perceptual studies have revealed clear production of voiceless consonants with good articulation scores in nontracheostomized patients. The purpose of this study was to clarify the production of voiceless stops during articulation in patients with BVFP compared to normal speakers.