Serial mediating effects of childhood trauma and conduct behaviors on the impact of family history among patients with alcohol use disorder.

Family history (FH) of alcoholism increases the risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD); however, the contribution of childhood trauma (CT) in this respect remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between FH and AUD-related clinical characteristics (social onset, antisocial tendency, and severity of problematic alcohol consumption) through the mediating effects of childhood trauma (CT) and conduct behaviors (CB) in a Korean male population with AUD. A total of 304 patients hospitalized for AUD at 16 psychiatric hospitals completed standardized questionnaires, including self-rated scales.

An Unusual Case of Traumatic Cervical Epidural Hematoma in an Infant.

Spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is exceedingly rare, especially in children. Acute cervical epidural hematoma presents suddenly, with progressive neurologic deficits. However, it is difficult to diagnose in infants, which results in delayed diagnosis.

Incidence of Febrile Seizures in Children with COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a common cause of febrile seizures (FS), especially after the Omicron surge. This study aimed to determine the incidence of COVID-19-associated FS in children. The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in patients aged below five years residing in the Jeonbuk province from January 2020 to June 2022 was obtained from official data provided by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security.

Effect of Oxcarbazepine on Language Function in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Epilepsy.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of oxcarbazepine (OXC) on the language function of patients with pediatric epilepsy.

Methods: We assessed the language abilities of patients aged 5-17 years with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy and the same number of age-matched healthy children using the Test of Problem Solving (TOPS) and the Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test-Receptive (REVT-R). The Mean Length of Utterance-words (MLU-w) was used to estimate linguistic productivity before and after OXC initiation.

Clinical significance of asymmetric hypointense signals in minimum intensity projections of brain magnetic resonance imaging in children with primary headache.

Purpose: This study aimed to observe the changes of venous continuity using the susceptibility weighted imaging-minimum intensity projection (SWI-MinIP) images in children with primary headache.

Methods: The headache types were classified following the International Headache Society's diagnostic criteria. Patients with secondary headaches were excluded.

Clinical significance of asymmetric venous vasculature on minimum-intensity projection in patients with moyamoya disease.

This study analyzed the clinical significance and characteristics of asymmetric venous blood flow in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) using minimum intensity projection (minIP) susceptibility-weighted imaging. The minIP views of 30 patients diagnosed with MMD were retrospectively analyzed using clinical features, brain magnetic resonance angiography, electroencephalography, and brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Simultaneously, differences between patients with acute cerebral infarction and non-MMD causes were analyzed.

Increased Incidence of Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis After COVID-19: A Two-Center Retrospective Study in Korea.

Purpose: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak to identify its indirect effects on DKA incidence.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 19 children with DKA admitted to the emergency room (ER) in two centers in Jeonbuk province, Korea during the first 6 months of the year from 2017 to 2020. Data were collected on age, height, body weight, clinical symptoms, diabetic mellitus (DM) type, and laboratory findings.

Acute blindness as a presenting sign of left atrial myxoma in a pediatric patient: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) due to cardiac myxoma primarily occurs in elderly individuals. Early detection and surgical resection of myxoma are extremely important because CRAO causes complete blindness in most cases. However, due to the extremely low incidence of CRAO caused by cardiac myxoma in the pediatric age group, such condition is rarely reported.

Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Language Abilities in Benign Epilepsy of Childhood with Centrotemporal Spikes.

Background And Purpose: This study is to assess the responsiveness of electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities and their effects on language ability after initiating different types of antiepileptic therapy in children with newly diagnosed benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS).

Methods: The records of patients newly diagnosed with BECTS (=120; 69 males) were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were randomly treated with lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, or topiramate monotherapy, and underwent at least two EEG and standardized language tests.

Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome in a child with Wernicke encephalopathy treated with fludrocortisone therapy: A case report.

Rationale For This Case Report: Cerebral Salt-Wasting Syndrome (CSWS) is characterized by hyponatremia and sodium wasting in the urine. These conditions are triggered by various neurosurgical disorders such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, brain tumor, head injury, and brain surgery. To our knowledge, CSWS caused by Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) has been rarely reported.

Simultaneous determination of N-hydroxymethyl-N-methylformamide, N-methylformamide and N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)cystein in urine samples from workers exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

N-Hydroxymethyl-N-methylformamide (HMMF) and N-methylformamide (NMF) in urine samples from workers exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) cannot be distinguished by a gas chromatographic method because HMMF is converted to NMF at the injection port of gas chromatography (GC). Total NMF (HMMF+NMF) has been measured instead. Also, the determination of N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)cystein (AMCC), which is supposed to be related to the toxicity of DMF, needs multiple treatments to convert to a volatile compound before GC analysis.