Treatment of Psoriasis With Biologics and Apremilast in Patients With a History of Malignancy: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Introduction: Biologics have transformed the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. The risk of developing a malignancy during treatment is an important consideration, and many studies have been conducted to determine the magnitude of this risk. However, there is little research on the use of biologic treatment in psoriasis patients with a history of established malignancy.

Response to ustekinumab in three pediatric patients with alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata (AA) is relatively common and can have a significant impact on quality of life, especially in a pediatric population. Currently available treatments are often ineffective or have poor safety profiles. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the Th1 pathway in the pathogenesis of AA, suggesting ustekinumab as a treatment modality for this disease.

B7-mediated costimulation of CD4 T cells constrains cytomegalovirus persistence.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) utilizes multiple strategies to modulate immunity and promote lifelong, persistent/latent infection, including suppressing T cell activation pathways. Here we examined the role of B7 costimulatory ligands in establishing immune détente from both the host and virus perspectives. Mice lacking both B7.

Cutting edge: the mechanism of invariant NKT cell responses to viral danger signals.

Invariant NK T (iNKT) cells influence the response to viral infections, although the mechanisms are poorly defined. In this study we show that these innate-like lymphocytes secrete IFN-gamma upon culture with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide-stimulated dendritic cells (DCs) from mouse bone marrow. This requires TLR9 signaling and IL-12 secretion by the activated DCs, but it does not require CD1d expression.