Microplastic polyethylene induced inner ear dysfunction in murine model.

While the hazardous effects of microplastics (MPs) are increasingly reported, it remains uncertain if MPs induce inner ear dysfunction. Nonetheless, prevalence of inner ear dysfunction was observed across all age groups. In this study, we investigated whether MP polyethylene affect inner ear function in a murine model.

Sex differences in associated factors for age-related hearing loss.

The prevalence and age of onset of hearing loss differ according to sex. This study aimed to identify associated factors for age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and determine whether there are differences between males and females regarding associated factors for ARHL. This cross-sectional study used data from adults who underwent medical examinations including hearing tests from 2011 to 2021.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals prolonged neurodegeneration in the hippocampus of adult C57BL/6N mouse deafened by noise.

Introduction: Several studies have reported a significant correlation between noise-induced hearing loss and cognitive decline. However, comprehensive analyses of this relationship are rare. This study aimed to assess the influence of hearing impairment on cognitive functions by analyzing organ samples in the afferent auditory pathway of deafened mice using mRNA sequencing.

Sleep disturbance and dysregulation of circadian clock machinery in sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: The cochlea contains a robust biological clock associated with auditory function, exhibiting diurnal sensitivity to noise or ototoxicity.

Objectives: We examined the relationship between disrupted circadian rhythm and altered expression of circadian clock genes in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and explored whether the circadian clock genes serve as prognostic biomarkers.

Material And Methods: Twelve patients with SSNHL were enrolled study group.

Management of External Auditory Canal Anterior Wall Defect: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Objectives: Although rare in etiology, anterior bony wall defects of the external auditory canal (EAC) accompanied by temporomandibular joint herniation may cause various otologic symptoms. Surgical treatment can be considered based on symptom severity because many previous case reports have highlighted its efficacy. This study aimed to review the long-term results of surgical treatment of EAC anterior wall defect and to suggest a stepwise approach when creating a treatment plan.

Increased Resting-State Positron Emission Tomography Activity After Cochlear Implantation in Adult Deafened Cats.

Objectives: Cochlear implants are widely used for hearing rehabilitation in patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, Cochlear implants have variable.

Results: and central neural plasticity is considered to be a reason for this variability.

Update on CD164 and LMX1A genes to strengthen their causative role in autosomal dominant hearing loss.

Novel hearing loss (HL) genes are constantly being discovered, and evidence from independent studies is essential to strengthen their position as causes of hereditary HL. To address this issue, we searched our genetic data of families with autosomal dominant HL (ADHL) who had been tested with high-throughput DNA sequencing methods. For CD164, only one pathogenic variant in one family has so far been reported.

Conductive Hearing Loss Aggravates Memory Decline in Alzheimer Model Mice.

The study of cognitive impairment associated with hearing loss has recently garnered considerable interest. Epidemiological data have demonstrated that hearing loss is a risk factor for cognitive decline as a result of aging. However, no previous study has examined the effect of hearing loss in patients with cognitive problems such as Alzheimer's disease.

Influence of Cochlear Dead Regions on Hearing Outcome in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Objective: The aims of this multicenter study were to prospectively evaluate the prevalence of dead regions (DRs) in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and compare the clinical characteristics and hearing outcomes of SSNHL according to the presence of DRs.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Multicenter study.

Transcriptome Analysis of Deafness: Intracellular Signal Transduction Signaling Pathways Regulate Neuroplastic Changes in the Auditory Cortex.

Hypothesis And Background: Hearing loss leads to synaptic changes in auditory neurons and their networks, and functions as a consequence of the interplay between genes and proteins. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to deafness-induced plasticity in the auditory cortex (AC) remain unclear. Here, we examined the changes in gene expression and key signaling pathways that regulate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the AC following auditory deafferentation using RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis.

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Cochlear Fistulas Caused by Chronic Otitis Media with Cholesteatoma.

Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics of cochlear fistulas (CFs) and propose a new fistula classification system with regard to the cochlea.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted between January 2008 and December 2015 to identify patients who had undergone surgery for cholesteatoma with an associated CF. The following data were collected: preoperative symptoms, findings of temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT), fistula stage, cholesteatoma classification, surgical technique, and pre- and postoperative pure-tone audiometry.

Clinicoradiologic Characteristics of Temporal Bone Meningioma: Multicenter Retrospective Analysis.

Objectives/hypothesis: Meningioma is a neoplasm arising from cells related to the arachnoid villi. The aim of the present study was to explore the clinical and radiological characteristics of temporal bone meningioma (TBM) in a multicenter cohort.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Clinical Implications of Intralesional Steroid Injections in the Management of Otohematoma.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the long-term effects of intralesional steroid injections (ILSIs) in patients with otohematoma and to suggest the clinical implications, especially with regard to the duration of otohematoma.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis.

Methods: Fifty-six patients were enrolled and classified into short-term otohematoma (n = 30) and long-term otohematoma (n = 26) groups according to the period of time after auricular trauma.

Characteristics of tinnitus found in anemia patients and analysis of population-based survey.

Objective: This study analyzed the characteristics of tinnitus identified in anemia patients with cohort- and population-based studies in a single institute and suggests a management algorithm.

Methods: Fifty patients who were treated for anemia and referred for tinnitus treatment were included in a single institute retrospective study. Characteristics of tinnitus were investigated in a correlation analysis with demographic and audiologic parameters.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children and adolescents: Clinical characteristics and age-related prognosis.

Objective: Although many studies have investigated sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in adults, there were few studies on SSNHL in the pediatric population; especially research on treatment and prognosis of pediatric SSNHL was limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in children and adolescents with SSNHL.

Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of 67 pediatric patients (67 ears) who had diagnosed with SSNHL at our hospitals was performed to analyze patients' clinical manifestations and audiograms.

The effect of systemic lipoic acid on hearing preservation after cochlear implantation via the round window approach: A guinea pig model.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of systemic lipoic acid on hearing preservation after cochlear implantation. Twelve Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the lipoic acid group. Animals in the lipoic acid group received lipoic acid intraperitoneally for 4 weeks.

Optimal use of CT imaging in pediatric congenital cholesteatoma.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the radiation dose of temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT) to detect pediatric congenital cholesteatoma (CC), and suggests strategy for lowering perioperative radiation dose.

Methods: Fifty-three CC patients followed up for more than 12 months after surgery. Perioperative clinical findings and the effective radiation dose (ERD) of TBCT were investigated.

Difference of Type 3 secretion system (T3SS) effector gene genotypes (exoU and exoS) and its implication to antibiotics resistances in isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from chronic otitis media.

Objective: Type 3 secretion system (T3SS) is the most important virulence factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Of the various T3SS effector genes, exoS and exoU showed mutually exclusive distributions, and these two genes showed varied virulence. In many pseudomonal infections, the distribution of these genes showed different pattern and it influenced severity of infection.

Neurofilament heavy chain expression and neuroplasticity in rat auditory cortex after unilateral and bilateral deafness.

Deafness induces many plastic changes in the auditory neural system. For instance, dendritic changes cause synaptic changes in neural cells. SMI-32, a monoclonal antibody reveals auditory areas and recognizes non-phosphorylated epitopes on medium- and high-molecular-weight subunits of neurofilament proteins in cortical pyramidal neuron dendrites.

Clinical features of recurrence and osteoporotic changes in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Objective: Several previous studies have demonstrated that comorbidities, secondary causes, physical inactivity, and osteoporosis may cause recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). However, there has also been some controversy over the clinical course(s) and cause(s) of recurrent BPPV (rBPPV). We identified clinical features and associated factors, including decreased bone mineral density, in the recurrence of BPPV.

Audiologic Patterns of Otic Capsule Preserving Temporal Bone Fracture: Effects of the Affected Subsites.

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the relationship between the type of temporal bone area involved and conductive hearing loss.

Methods: We enrolled 97 patients who visited the otolaryngology clinics of Seoul National University Hospital or Boramae Medical Center, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University with temporal bone fracture between January 2004 and January 2014. Audiometric parameters, including initial and improved air-bone (AB) conduction gap values, were reviewed in accordance with the temporal bone computed tomography (external auditory canal [EAC], middle ear [ME], mastoid [M], and ossicle [O]).

Efficacy of the cat deafening method: Co-administration of ethacrynic acid and kanamycin.

Objective: This study was designed to determine if hearing status monitoring during intravenous infusion of EA reduces individual variability and to evaluate the correlation between EA dose and Bwt.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five cats with the mean age of 24 ± 3.7 weeks (range = 20.

A microelectromechanical system artificial basilar membrane based on a piezoelectric cantilever array and its characterization using an animal model.

We proposed a piezoelectric artificial basilar membrane (ABM) composed of a microelectromechanical system cantilever array. The ABM mimics the tonotopy of the cochlea: frequency selectivity and mechanoelectric transduction. The fabricated ABM exhibits a clear tonotopy in an audible frequency range (2.