Introduction: Payment structured around Episodes of Care is a method for incentivizing decreased care utilization after major procedures. We examined Major Bowel Episodes of Care (MB-EoC)-the focus among general surgery procedures-within a large health system to determine the contribution of emergency bowel surgery to higher costs of care.
Methods: Adult MB-EoC cases from July 2018 to June 2021 were reviewed for 90-d costs, examining patient age, insurance, diagnosis, cost of care, and contributors to cost.
High-performance solid-state PbS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QD-SSCs) with stable 9.2% power conversion efficiency at 1 Sun condition are demonstrated by introduction of hybrid perovskite interlayer. The PbS QDs formed on mesoscopic TiO (mp-TiO) by spin-assisted successive precipitation and anionic exchange reaction method do not exhibit PbSO but have PbSO oxidation species.
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