Proximal Location of Optic Disc Hemorrhage and Glaucoma Progression.

Importance: Although optic disc hemorrhage (DH) is widely recognized as a glaucoma risk factor, its clinical relevance in relation to proximity has not been investigated.

Objective: To determine the association of the proximal location of DH with glaucoma progression.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this longitudinal observational cohort study, 146 eyes of 146 patients at Seoul National University Hospital who had had 1 or more DH with at least 5 years of follow-up and had at least 5 reliable visual field examinations were included.

Assessing Glaucoma Severity and Progression in Individuals with Asymmetric Axial Length: An Intrapatient Comparative Study.

Purpose: To investigate whether a difference exists in intereye glaucoma severity and progression in patients with asymmetric axial length.

Design: Long-term observational study.

Participants: Patients older than 20 years with a diagnosis of glaucoma at Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, between 2010 and 2020.

Clinical Significance of Optic Disc Hemorrhage Size in Visual Field Progression in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between optic disc hemorrhage (DH) size and glaucoma progression.

Design: A retrospective observational cohort study METHODS:   SETTING: A single tertiary hospital in South Korea STUDY POPULATION: Two hundred and fifty (250) open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients with DH. Participants were followed for 5 years or longer, with a minimum of 5 visual field (VF) tests.

Longitudinal evaluation of advanced glaucoma: ten year follow-up cohort study.

This study focused on patients with advanced open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and aimed to identify key factors for monitoring them. We included 127 such patients who were followed for seven years or more, undergoing annual ophthalmic examinations. Glaucoma progression was defined as a deterioration in either structure or function.

Relative Risks for Dementia among Individuals with Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Cohort Studies.

Purpose: To investigate the relative risks (RRs) for dementia among individuals with glaucoma.

Methods: We conducted a search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for observational cohort studies examining the association between glaucoma and dementia until March 2023. Two authors independently screened all titles and abstracts according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Fellow-Eye Involvement in Sturge-Weber Syndrome Children With Unilateral Glaucoma.

Prcis: Among children with unilateral glaucoma associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), 7 of 47 demonstrated involvement in the fellow eye, and that group had had earlier first-eye surgery relative to the noninvolvement group.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of and risk factors for fellow-eye involvement in children with unilateral SWS-associated glaucoma.

Materials And Methods: Children diagnosed with a unilateral facial port-wine stain and ipsilateral glaucoma before the age of 5 and followed up for at least 5 years were enrolled.

Evidence for a mixed-age group in a pterosaur footprint assemblage from the early Upper Cretaceous of Korea.

Here we describe a new pterosaur footprint assemblage from the Hwasun Seoyuri tracksite in the Upper Cretaceous Jangdong Formation of the Neungju Basin in Korea. The assemblage consists of many randomly oriented prints in remarkably high densities but represents a single ichnotaxon, Pteraichnus. Individuals exhibit a large but continuous size range, some of which, with a wingspan estimated at 0.

The Complete Genome of Nocardia seriolae MH196537 and Intra-Species Level as Analyzed by Comparative Genomics Based on Random Forest Algorithm.

Nocardiosis is a major problem affecting fish that are farmed in seacages as well as freshwater fish; therefore, deciphering the bacteriological features of Nocardia seriolae is crucial. In particular, a number of studies over the past two years have reported the genome sequence of N. seriolae, and a comparative genomics approach is expected to yield valuable information on its epidemiological characteristics.

Correction: Correlative microscopy of the constituents of a dinosaur rib fossil and hosting mudstone: Implications on diagenesis and fossil preservation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Correlative microscopy of the constituents of a dinosaur rib fossil and hosting mudstone: Implications on diagenesis and fossil preservation.

We have applied correlative microscopy to identify the key constituents of a dorsal rib fossil from Koreanosaurus boseongensis and its hosting mudstone discovered at the rich fossil site in Boseong, South Korea, to investigate the factors that likely contributed to diagenesis and the preservation of fossil bone. Calcite and illite were the commonly occurring phases in the rib bone, hosting mudstone, and the boundary region in-between. The boundary region may have contributed to bone preservation once it fully formed by acting as a protective shell.

Disparities in correlating microstructural to nanostructural preservation of dinosaur femoral bones.

Osteohistological researches on dinosaurs are well documented, but descriptions of direct correlations between the bone microstructure and corresponding nanostructure are currently lacking. By applying correlative microscopy, we aimed to verify that well-preserved osteohistological features correlate with pristine fossil bone nanostructures from the femoral bones of Koreanosaurus boseongensis. The quality of nanostructural preservation was evaluated based on the preferred orientation level of apatite crystals obtained from selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and by measuring the "arcs" from the {100} and {002} diffraction rings.

Factors contributing to the duration of untreated prodromal positive symptoms in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis.

Individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis experience a considerable delay before appropriate clinical attention is provided. Therefore, we investigated the correlates of this delay by examining clinical, socio-demographic and neuropsychological contributors to the duration of untreated prodromal positive symptoms (DUPP) in them (n=73). The slowly progressive mode of functional decline, defined as a small percentage drop in the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score within the past year, and male gender, explained a considerable portion of the DUPP in the multivariate regression model (F=9.

Musical obsessions: a comprehensive review of neglected clinical phenomena.

Intrusive musical imagery (IMI) consists of involuntarily recalled, short, looping fragments of melodies. Musical obsessions are distressing, impairing forms of IMI that merit investigation in their own right and, more generally, research into these phenomena may broaden our understanding of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which is phenomenologically and etiologically heterogeneous. We present the first comprehensive review of musical obsessions, based on the largest set of case descriptions ever assembled (N=96).

The impact of personality traits on ratings of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate consistencies and discrepancies between clinician-administered and self-report versions of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and to examine relationships between these scales and personality traits.

Methods: A total of 106 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) participated in this study. All participants were assessed with both clinician-administered and self-report versions of the Y-BOCS.

A study of diagnostic methods for Marteilioides chungmuensis infections in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.

The eggs of the Pacific oyster, Crassostraea gigas, become infertile when infected by the parasite Marteilioides chungmuensis. Histologically, M. chungmuensis infects the oyster oocyte cytoplasm, and the ovaries take on a "lumpy" appearance once infected, which lowers commercial value of the oyster.

Non-specific defensive factors of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas against infection with Marteilioides chungmuensis: a flow-cytometric study.

In order to assess changes in the activity of immunecompetency present in Crassostrea gigas infected with Marteilioides chungmuensis (Protozoa), the total hemocyte counts (THC), hemocyte populations, hemocyte viability, and phagocytosis rate were measured in oysters using flow cytometry. THC were increased significantly in oysters infected with M. chungmuensis relative to the healthy appearing oysters (HAO) (P<0.

Diagnostic yield of tissue sampling using a bite-on-bite technique for incidental subepithelial lesions.

Background/aims: Techniques for endoscopic evaluation of gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions include conventional endoscopy, jumbo biopsy, endoscopic ultrasonogrphy (EUS), EUS-guided fine needle aspiration, and endoscopic submucosal resection. However, these procedures have many limitations, such as low diagnostic yields and high complication rates. We therefore evaluated the diagnostic yield for tissue sampling of incidental subepithelial lesions using the bite-on-bite technique.

Volumetric differences in the pituitary between drug-naïve and medicated male patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objective: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms are induced or aggravated by stress, and the pituitary is a key component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We examined pituitary volume in drug-naïve and medicated male patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods: Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging studies were conducted on 62 male control subjects, medicated male patients (N=50) and drug-naïve male patients (N=12) with OCD.