Validation of American College of Radiology Bone Reporting and Data System (Bone-RADS) Version 2023 for diagnosis of malignant tumors of appendicular bone on conventional radiographs.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the American College of Radiology(ACR) Bone Reporting and Data System (Bone-RADS) in diagnosis of malignant tumors of the appendicular bone on conventional radiographs.

Methods: Primary and secondary tumors of appendicular bone in patients who underwent radiographic and MRI examinations were classified into benign, intermediate, and malignant using a reference standard of histopathology, imaging follow-up, or clinical-radiologic consensus. Two radiologists assessed five radiographic features (margin, periosteal reaction, endosteal erosion, pathologic fracture, and extra-osseous mass), scored point total (points from radiographic features and a history of cancer), and assigned Bone-RADS categories.

Metastasis of Colon Cancer to the Accessory Spleen: A Case Report.

Distant metastasis to the spleen is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, metastasis to the accessory spleen based on pathological findings has only been reported in four patients in the English literature, including one each of ovarian cancer, transitional cell carcinoma, breast cancer, and uterine carcinosarcoma after surgery. Furthermore, among these reported cases, only two reports (one each of transitional cell carcinoma and uterine carcinosarcoma) presented imaging findings.

Sensitive Cancer Hypoxia Detection via a Dual-Locking Fluorescence Response System Using Two Hypoxia Indicators.

Hypoxia is intricately associated with various diseases, including ischemia, vascular disorders, and cancer. Particularly in cancer cells, hypoxia promotes tumor growth, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and enhances treatment resistance, making its detection crucial for cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, methods for detecting hypoxia are limited, often relying on single-detection systems.

Quantitative phenotyping of verbal and non-verbal cognitive impairment using diffusion-weighted MRI connectome: Preliminary study of the crowding effect in children with left hemispheric epilepsy.

The "crowding" effect (CE), wherein verbal functions are preserved presumably at the expense of nonverbal functions, which diminish following inter-hemispheric transfer of language functions, is recognized as a specific aspect of functional reorganization, offering an insight about neural plasticity in children with neural insult to the dominant hemisphere. CE is hypothesized as a marker for language preservation or improvement after left-hemispheric injury, yet it remains challenging to fully discern it in preoperative evaluation. We present a novel DWI connectome (DWIC) approach to predict the presence of CE in 24 drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients with a left-hemispheric focus and 29 young healthy controls.

Home-based up-dosing of wheat oral immunotherapy: Real-world effectiveness and predictive factor analysis.

Background: Wheat allergy is one of the most prevalent allergens in Korea, decreasing quality of life and causing nutritional repercussions.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the home-based wheat oral immunotherapy (OIT) using wheat noodles in children with a wheat allergy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 72 children aged 3 to 17 years diagnosed with a wheat allergy.

Dual-Emissive Detection of ATP and Hypochlorite Ions for Monitoring Inflammation-Driven Liver Injury In Vitro and In Vivo.

Reactive oxygen species play a pivotal role in liver disease, contributing to severe liver damage and chronic inflammation. In liver injury driven by inflammation, adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) and hypochlorite ion (ClO) emerge as novel biomarkers, reflecting mitochondrial dysfunction and amplified oxidative stress, respectively. However, the dynamic fluctuations of ATP and ClO in hepatocytes and mouse livers remain unclear, and multidetection techniques for these biomarkers are yet to be developed.

Initial updosing phase of oral immunotherapy improves quality of life and psychological burden in parents of children with food allergy.

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) can impose psychological burdens on patients and their parents due to the necessary preparations and repeated adverse reactions. To investigate changes in quality of life (QoL) and psychological burden in parents of children receiving OIT for food allergy (FA). Children aged 3-13 years with FA were enrolled.

Quantification of enlarged deep medullary vein volumes in Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Background: Enlarged deep medullary veins (EDMVs) in patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) may channel venous blood from the surface to the deep vein system in brain regions affected by the leptomeningeal venous malformation. Thus, the quantification of EDMV volume may provide an objective imaging marker for this vascular compensatory process. The present study proposes a novel analytical method to quantify enlarged EDMV volumes in the affected hemisphere of patients with unilateral SWS.

[Imaging Findings of Spinal Metastases with Differential Diagnosis: Focusing on Solitary Spinal Lesion in Older Patients].

If a solitary spinal lesion is found in an older patient, bone metastasis can be primarily considered as the diagnosis. Bone metastasis can occur anywhere, but it mostly occurs in the vertebral body and may sometimes show typical imaging findings, presenting as a single lesion. Therefore, differentiating it from other lesions that mimic bone metastases can be challenging, potentially leading to delayed diagnosis and initiation of primary cancer treatment.

Vertebral Venous Congestion That May Mimic Vertebral Metastasis on Contrast-Enhanced Chest Computed Tomography in Chemoport Inserted Patients.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vertebral venous congestion (VVC) in patients with chemoport insertion, evaluate the imaging characteristics of nodular VVC, and identify the factors associated with VVC.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective single-center study was based on follow-up contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) of 1412 adult patients who underwent chemoport insertion between January 2016 and December 2016. The prevalence of venous stenosis, reflux, and VVC were evaluated.

Mitochondrial Stress and Mitokines: Therapeutic Perspectives for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases.

Mitochondrial stress and the dysregulated mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) are linked to various diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Mitokines, signaling molecules released by mitochondrial stress response and UPRmt, are crucial mediators of inter-organ communication and influence systemic metabolic and physiological processes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of mitokines, including their regulation by exercise and lifestyle interventions and their implications for various diseases.

Differentiation of malignant from benign ampullary strictures: A prediction nomogram based on MR imaging and clinical findings.

Purpose: To construct a predictive nomogram based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical findings for differentiating malignant from benign ampullary strictures.

Method: In this retrospective study, 76 patients with ampullary strictures (51 benign and 25 malignant) who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI were enrolled. Imaging findings were evaluated independently by two abdominal radiologists who reached consensus.

Detecting residual soft tissue sarcoma after unplanned excision; model-free analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI at short-term follow-up.

Objectives: To evaluate diagnostic utility of additional DCE-MRI for detecting residual soft tissue sarcomas (STS) after unplanned excision (UPE).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 32 patients with UPE of STS, followed by conventional MRI with DCE-MRI and wide excision (WE), between November 2019 and January 2022. Residual tumors on conventional MRI were categorized into three groups: Lesion-type-0, no abnormal enhancement, Lesion-type-1, an indeterminate lesion, and Lesion-type-2, a definite enhancing nodule.

Extremely Rare CT and MRI Findings of Peritoneal Leiomyoma Mimicking Hepatic Mass: A Case Report.

Leiomyoma is a common benign tumor from smooth muscle cells, mostly in the uterus. Peritoneal leiomyomas (PLs) are extremely rare and mostly reported as disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis. However, to the best of out knowledge, radiologic findings of isolated PL are not reported in English literature.

All-cause and major-cause mortality associated with sleep latency in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES): a population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: The all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk associated with sleep latencies in the general adult population is unknown. We aimed to investigate the association of habitual prolonged sleep latency with long-term all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adults.

Methods: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) is a population-based prospective cohort study comprising community-dwelling men and women aged 40-69 years from Ansan, South Korea.

Effect of physical activity on the change in carotid intima-media thickness: An 8-year prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: There is a demand for longitudinal studies that use both objective and subjective measures of physical activity to investigate the association of physical activity with the change in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). In order to investigate such association, we conducted an 8-year follow-up study that used both objective and subjective measures of physical activity.

Methods: This cohort study used subsamples of the ongoing Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

A peptide of PilZ domain-containing protein controls wastewater-treatment-membrane biofouling by inducing bacterial attachment.

Membrane-based wastewater reclamation is used to mitigate water scarcity; however, irreversible biofouling is an elusive problem that hinders the efficiency of a forward-osmosis (FO) membrane-based process, and the protein responsible for fouling is unknown. Herein, we identified fouling proteins by analyzing the microbiome and proteome of wastewater extracellular polymeric substances responsible for strong irreversible FO-membrane fouling. The IGLSSLPR peptide of a PilZ domain-containing protein was found to recruit bacterial attachment when immobilized on the membrane surface while suppressing it when dissolved, in a similar manner to the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide in mammalian cell cultures.

Obstructive sleep apnoea and long-term risk of incident diabetes in the middle-aged and older general population.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. However, results from large population-based prospective cohort studies are rare. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the relative risk of 8-year incident type 2 diabetes in relation to OSA severity in a prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older adults.

Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow: associations of pre-operative DTI parameters with clinical outcomes after cubital tunnel decompression.

Objectives: To evaluate whether DTI parameters of the ulnar nerve at the elbow are associated with clinical outcomes in patients receiving cubital tunnel decompression (CTD) surgery for ulnar neuropathy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 21 patients with cubital tunnel syndrome who received CTD surgery between January 2019 and November 2020. All patients underwent pre-operative elbow MRI, including DTI.

Sevoflurane-induced high-frequency oscillations, effective connectivity and intraoperative classification of epileptic brain areas.

Objective: To determine how sevoflurane anesthesia modulates intraoperative epilepsy biomarkers on electrocorticography, including high-frequency oscillation (HFO) effective connectivity (EC), and to investigate their relation to epileptogenicity and anatomical white matter.

Methods: We studied eight pediatric drug-resistant focal epilepsy patients who achieved seizure control after invasive monitoring and resective surgery. We visualized spatial distributions of the electrocorticography biomarkers at an oxygen baseline, three time-points while sevoflurane was increasing, and at a plateau of 2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) sevoflurane.

Biocompatible 7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-embedded naphthalimide for exploring endogenous HS in living cells.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a central signaling and antioxidant biomolecule involved in various biological processes. As inappropriate levels of HS in the human body are closely related to various diseases, including cancer, a tool capable of detecting HS with high selectivity and sensitivity in living systems is urgently required. In this work, we intended to develop a biocompatible and activatable fluorescent molecular probe for detecting HS generation in living cells.