Distinct roles and molecular mechanisms of nicotine and benzo(a)pyrene in ferroptosis of lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: The essence of ferroptosis is the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxides caused by increased iron, which disrupts the redox balance within cells and triggers cell death. Abnormal metabolism of iron significantly increases the risk of lung cancer and induces treatment resistance. However, the roles and mechanisms of smocking in ferroptosis in patients with lung cancer are still unclear.