Beneficial effects of oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens on alleviating Ulcerative colitis by improving inflammation and ferroptosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sophora flavescens is often used in traditional Chinese medicine for skin issues, diarrhea, and vaginal itching (Plant names have been checked with http://www.the/plant/list.org on Feb 22nd, 2024).

Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Chinese medicinal herbs for anti-osteoporosis therapy: A review.

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease with an increasing incidence rate. Chinese medicinal herbs have a long history of treating bone diseases. Polysaccharides are an important category of phytochemicals in Chinese medicinal herbs, and their health benefits have increased the interest of the public.

[Study on anti-hyperlipidemia effect of Linderae Radix via regulating reverse cholesterol transport].

This article aims to investigate the ameliorative effect of Linderae Radix ethanol extract on hyperlipidemia rats induced by high-fat diet and to explore its possible mechanism from the perspective of reverse cholesterol transport(RCT). SD rats were divided into normal group, model group, atorvastatin group, Linderae Radix ethanol extract(LREE) of high, medium, low dose groups. Except for the normal group, the other groups were fed with a high-fat diet to establish hyperlipidemia rat models; the normal group and the model group were given pure water, while each administration group was given corresponding drugs by gavage once a day for five weeks.

Cyproterone acetate acts as a disruptor of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.

Prostate cancer is a major cause of death in males. Cyproterone acetate (CPA), the steroidal anti-androgen for part of androgen deprivation therapy, may block the androgen-receptor interaction and then reduce serum testosterone through its weak anti-gonadotropic action. In addition to CPA inducing hepatitis, CPA is known to cause liver tumors in rats also.

Effects of Linderae radix extracts on a rat model of alcoholic liver injury.

Traditional treatments have a poor effect on alcoholic liver diseases. Linderae radix (LR), the dried root of (Sims) Kosterm., has been frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating various diseases, and has been shown to exhibit a protective effect on liver injury.

Fluoranthene enhances p53 expression and decreases mutagenesis induced by benzo[a]pyrene.

Fluoranthene (Fla) is the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in diesel particulate extracts. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is genotoxic and is a prototype of PAH carcinogens. Fla's toxicity and mutagenicity are minor relative to BaP's.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin's suppression of 1-nitropyrene-induced p53 expression is mediated by cytochrome P450 1A1.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are toxic environmental pollutants. TCDD was shown to suppress p53 expression in response to genotoxic stress and hypoxic conditions. However, the mechanism of TCDD's actions is not clearly understood.

1-Nitropyrene stabilizes the mRNA of cytochrome P450 1a1, a carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme, via the Akt pathway.

Cytochrome P450 1a1 (Cyp1a1) is a phase I xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme, the expression of which is mainly driven by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Cyp1a1 messenger (m)RNA is labile. Our study indicates that 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) highly induced Cyp1a1 protein expression, although its induction of AhR transactivation activity was negligible.

1,10-phenanthroline stabilizes mRNA of the carcinogen-metabolizing enzyme, cytochrome P450 1a1.

1,10-phenanthroline (phen), flufenamic acid, and indomethacin are inhibitors of aldo-keto reductases 1C1 (AKR1C1), but only phen decreased the benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced cytochrome P450 1a1 (Cyp1a1) protein level. Therefore the decrease in the BaP-induced Cyp1a1 protein level was not due to inhibition of Akr1c1, but to phen itself. Phen decreased the BaP-induced Cyp1a1 promoter activity and protein expression, and in contrast, it increased Cyp1a1 mRNA, resulting from an increase in mRNA stability.

Crosstalk between activated forms of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and glucocorticoid receptor.

Pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IND) are poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with four to six annealed phenyl rings. Dexamethasone (Dex) is a synthetic agonist of glucocorticoids. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands, BaP and IND, did not directly activate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and Dex did not activate the AhR either.

Aldo-keto reductase 1C2 is essential for 1-nitropyrene's but not for benzo[a]pyrene's induction of p53 phosphorylation and apoptosis.

It is reported that diesel exhaust particles contain more 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) than benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), both of which are potent carcinogenic compounds. In this study, we show that 1-NP is more potent in reducing cell viability than B[a]P, pyrene, nitrobenzene, and nitromethane. Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are enzymes which metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons into active metabolites that form PAH-DNA-adducts causing mutagenesis of DNA.